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公开(公告)号：US06620537B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-16
申请号：US09784380
申请日：2001-02-15
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers , Georges A. Maxwell
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers , Georges A. Maxwell
IPC: H01M818
CPC classification number: H01M8/0612 , B60L1/10 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/0675
Abstract: A hydrocarbon fueled hydrogen generator and hydrogen fueled electric power generating system and apparatus comprising hydrocarbon fuel and oxidizer delivery and mixing apparatus, ignition and combustion apparatus igniting the mixture of fuel and oxidizer, apparatus receiving and conducting the gases of combustion through a sulfur absorbing unit and removing sulfur from the gases, a steam reformer unit reforming carbon monoxide gas into hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas, a carbon monoxide scavenger unit reforming residual carbon monoxide gas to hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas; apparatus receiving the hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas and operating to liquefy and separate the carbon dioxide gas from the hydrogen gas; and, structure to hold and deliver the liquid carbon dioxide to useful end; and structure to hold and deliver hydrogen gas to the anode of a hydrogen fueled electric power generating fuel cell.
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2.发明授权Hydrocarbon (hydrogen)/air aerogel catalyzed carbon electrode fuel cell system 失效烃（氢）/空气气凝胶催化碳电极燃料电池系统
公开(公告)号：US5429886A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-04
申请号：US113067
申请日：1993-08-30
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
CPC classification number: H01M8/0612 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/08
Abstract: A hydrocarbon (hydrogen)/air aerogel catalyzed carbon electrode fuel cell system comprising an acid electrolyte filled; steam hydrocarbon catalytic reformer with a heater and operating to receive and reduce hydrocarbons and water into a reformed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide gases; a centrifugal gas-separator device receiving reformed gas from the reformer and operating to separate the hydrogen and carbon dioxide gases of the reformed gas and delivering them separately; a fuel cell comprising a micro porous catalyzed-carbon aerogel anode electrode fed with hydrogen gas delivered by the gas separator, a micro porous catalyzed-carbon aerogel cathode electrode fed with oxygen from ambient air, and, a micro porous cation-filled silica hydrogel electrolyte separator between the anode and cathode electrodes; a hydrocarbon fuel supply delivering hydrocarbon fuel to the reformer; a combustion fuel supply selectively delivering hydrocarbon and hydrogen gas to the heater; and, a water supply receiving water produced in the fuel cell by fuel cell reaction and delivering it to the reformer.
Abstract translation: 一种包含酸性电解质填充的烃（氢）/空气气凝胶催化碳电极燃料电池系统; 具有加热器的蒸汽烃催化重整器，用于将碳氢化合物和水接收并减少为氢气和二氧化碳气体的重整气体; 离心式气体分离器装置，其接收来自重整器的重整气体并操作以分离重整气体的氢气和二氧化碳气体并分别输送; 一种燃料电池，包括供给由气体分离器输送的氢气的微孔催化碳气凝胶阳极，由环境空气供给氧的微孔催化碳气凝胶阴极，以及微孔阳离子填充二氧化硅水凝胶电解质 阳极和阴极之间的隔膜; 向重整器输送碳氢化合物燃料的烃燃料供应; 燃烧燃料供应选择性地将碳氢化合物和氢气输送到加热器; 以及通过燃料电池反应在燃料电池中产生的水的供水，并将其输送到重整器。
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公开(公告)号：US4684581A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US884189
申请日：1986-07-10
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
CPC classification number: H01M8/0612 , H01M8/1231
Abstract: An elongate fuel cell with anode and cathode chambers. A fuel supply delivers a hot fuel gas mixture of steam and methanol or methane to the anode chamber. A catalytic reformer in the anode chamber reforms the fuel gas to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. A hydrogen-permeable anode in the anode chamber is premeated by and diffuses the hydrogen to hydrogen ions and free electrons. A catalytic cathode in the cathode chamber receives hydrogen ions from the anode and is supplied with oxygen from the air. A di-electric, hydrogen-ion-permeable separator is positioned between the anode and the cathode to stop movement of electrons and permit movement of hydrogen ions therebetween. An external electric circuit is connected with and extends between the anode and cathode and conducts the free electrons from the anode to the cathode. The hydrogen ions, oxygen and electrons in the cathode react to produce the by-products, heat and water.
Abstract translation: 具有阳极和阴极室的细长燃料电池。 燃料供应将蒸汽和甲醇或甲烷的热燃料气体混合物输送到阳极室。 阳极室中的催化重整器将燃料气体改为氢气和二氧化碳。 阳极室中的氢可渗透阳极由氢气和自由电子进行预充和扩散。 阴极室中的催化阴极从阳极接收氢离子并从空气中供应氧气。 位于阳极和阴极之间的二电，氢离子可渗透分离器，以阻止电子的移动，并允许氢离子在其间移动。 外部电路与阳极和阴极连接并延伸，并将自由电子从阳极传导到阴极。 阴极中的氢离子，氧和电子反应产生副产物，热和水。
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公开(公告)号：US4510211A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US505305
申请日：1983-06-17
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
CPC classification number: H01M12/06 , H01M2/40 , H01M8/04276
Abstract: A system and apparatus for supplying and circulating fresh electrolyte to and through the anode and ion exchange sections of a plurality of related air/metal fuel cells; preventing the flow of shunt currents through the electrolyte between the fuel cell sections; removing heat produced by fuel cell reaction from the electrolyte; removing solid byproducts of fuel cell reaction from the electrolyte; and reconstituting spent electrolyte. The system and apparatus commingles electrolyte with a hydrophobic liquid dielectric which has a specific gravity which is less than the specific gravity of the electrolyte and conducting the commingled liquids through small diameter conductors of dielectric material to the fuel cell sections. The liquid dielectric in the electrolytes and conductors maintain a current path in the electrolyte open and prevent the flow of shunt currents. The system and apparatus operate to separate commingled liquid dielectric and electrolyte flowing from the fuel cell sections; removes heat carried from the cell sections by the liquid dielectric; recommingles the liquid dielectric and electrolyte and reintroduces into the cell sections. The system and apparatus operate to intermittently transfer portions of partially spent byproduct ladened electrolyte circulated through the anode sections of the cells to a separator in which the byproduct is removed from the spent electrolyte.
Abstract translation: 一种用于将新鲜电解质供应并循环到多个相关空气/金属燃料电池的阳极和离子交换部分并将其循环的系统和装置; 防止分流电流流过燃料电池部分之间的电解质; 从电解液中除去燃料电池反应产生的热量; 从电解质中除去燃料电池反应的固体副产物; 并重新组装废电解液。 该系统和装置与具有小于电解质的比重的比重的疏水性液体电介质混合电解质，并通过电介质材料的小直径导体将混合的液体导入燃料电池部分。 电解质和导体中的液体电介质保持电解质中的电流通路打开，并防止分流电流的流动。 系统和装置用于分离从燃料电池部分流出的混合液体电介质和电解质; 通过液体电介质去除细胞部分携带的热量; 推荐液体电介质和电解质并重新引入细胞部分。 系统和装置操作以将循环通过细胞的阳极部分的部分废弃副产物负载电解质的部分间歇地转移到副废弃物从废电解质中除去的分离器中。
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公开(公告)号：US4503132A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-05
申请号：US473036
申请日：1983-03-07
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
Abstract: A flat, laminated fuel cell gas electrode arranged between and separating gas and liquid mediums in a fuel cell. The electrode includes a flat, perforated sheet metal support and electric conductor part with a rear surface disposed toward the gas medium, a flat, hydrophobic gas permeable membrane with a rear surface in contact with a front surface of said part, a flat liquid and gas permeable metallic current collector with a rear surface spaced from a front surface of said membrane and with a front surface disposed toward the liquid medium, a catalytic barrier structure of bonded together particulate catalytic material and metal conductor filaments by and in electric conducting contact with the collector and having a rear surface in contact with the front surface of the membrane and a plurality of spaced apart electric conducting fasteners engaged with and between said part and collector securing the parts of the electrode in assembled relationship and electrically connecting the current collector with said part.
Abstract translation: 平坦的，层叠的燃料电池气体电极，设置在燃料电池中并分离燃料电池中的气体和液体介质。 所述电极包括平坦且穿孔的金属片支撑体和具有朝向所述气体介质设置的后表面的电导体部分，具有与所述部分的前表面接触的后表面的平坦的疏水性透气膜，平坦的液体和气体 具有与所述膜的前表面间隔开的后表面和朝向所述液体介质设置的前表面的可渗透的金属集流体;催化阻挡结构，其通过并且与所述收集器导电接触而将颗粒状催化材料和金属导体细丝结合在一起 并且具有与所述膜的前表面接触的后表面和与所述部分和收集器接合并且在所述部分和收集器之间并且以组装的关系固定所述电极的所述部分并且将所述集电器与所述部件电连接的多个间隔开的导电紧固件。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4477539A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-16
申请号：US458835
申请日：1983-01-18
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
CPC classification number: H01M2/40 , H01M12/02 , H01M12/065 , H01M6/50 , H01M2004/024
Abstract: A metal/gas fuel cell comprising an anode chamber filled with a base anolyte solution, a metallic anode plate immersed in the anolyte; an ion exchange chamber filled with a base ionolyte solution adjacent the anode chamber; a cationic membrane between the anode and ion exchange chambers separating the anolyte and ionolyte; a cathode plate adjacent the ion exchange chamber remote from the cationic membrane with one surface in contact with the ionolyte and another surface in contact with a cathode fuel gas. The cathode plate is a laminated structure including a layer of hydrophyllic material in contact with the ionolyte, a layer of gas permeable hydrophobic material in contact with the gas and a gas and liquid permeable current collector of inert material with catalytic surfaces within the layer of hydrophyllic material. The anode and cathode plates are connected with an external electric circuit which effects the flow of electrons from the anode plate to the cathode plate.
Abstract translation: 一种金属/气体燃料电池，包括填充有碱性阳极电解液的阳极室，浸在阳极电解液中的金属阳极板; 离子交换室，填充有邻近阳极室的碱性离子液体溶液; 在阳极和离子交换室之间的阳离子膜分离阳极电解液和离子电解质; 靠近阳离子膜的离子交换室的阴极板，其一个表面与离子液体接触，另一个表面与阴极燃料气体接触。 阴极板是包括与离子电解质接触的一层亲水材料的层压结构，与气体接触的透气性疏水材料层和惰性材料的气体和液体可渗透的集流体，其具有在亲水层内的催化表面 材料。 阳极和阴极板与外部电路连接，外部电路使电子从阳极板流向阴极板。
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公开(公告)号：US4443522A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-17
申请号：US378857
申请日：1982-05-17
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
Abstract: A fuel cell which comprises a metal anode immersed in a base electrolyte solution and connected with an electric circuit, a cathode comprising an acid solution, a carbon catalyst and electron distributor plate in that solution and connected with an electron supply and a wettable fluid impermeable membrane and disposed between the electrolyte and cathode solution and establishing an acid-base reactor interface where hydroxyl ions are generated for conduction through the electrolyte to the anode.
Abstract translation: 一种燃料电池，其包括浸在基础电解质溶液中并与电路连接的金属阳极，在该溶液中包含酸溶液，碳催化剂和电子分配器板的阴极，并与电子源和可湿性流体不可渗透膜 并且设置在电解质和阴极溶液之间并建立酸碱反应器界面，其中产生羟基离子以通过电解质传导至阳极。
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公开(公告)号：US4352864A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-05
申请号：US251488
申请日：1981-04-06
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
Abstract: A fuel cell which comprises a metal anode immersed in a base electrolyte solution and connected with an electric circuit, a cathode comprising an acid solution, a carbon catalyst and electron distributor plate in that solution and connected with an electron supply and a wettable fluid impermeable membrane and disposed between the electrolyte and cathode solution and establishing an acid-base reactor interface where hydroxyl ions are generated for conduction through the electrolyte to the anode.
Abstract translation: 一种燃料电池，其包括浸在基础电解质溶液中并与电路连接的金属阳极，在该溶液中包含酸溶液，碳催化剂和电子分配器板的阴极，并与电子源和可湿性流体不可渗透膜 并且设置在电解质和阴极溶液之间并建立酸碱反应器界面，其中产生羟基离子以通过电解质传导至阳极。
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公开(公告)号：US4659634A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US825446
申请日：1986-02-03
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
CPC classification number: H01M8/00 , H01M8/0612
Abstract: An electro-chemical electric power generating apparatus characterized by first and second electro-chemical fuel cells. Each cell includes a case containing spaced anode and cathode plates, an electrolyte between the plates and an external electric circuit connected therebetween. The apparatus next includes a steam-methane reformer to reform steam and methane to hydrogen enriched gas fuel. The cathode and anode fuels of the first cell are methanol and hydrogen and the byproducts of chemical reaction thereof are water and methane gas. The cathode and anode fuels of the second cell are oxygen and hydrogen and the byproduct of chemical reaction thereof is water. The methane gas byproduct of the first cell and the water byproduct of both cells are conducted to the steam-methane reformer and are reformed thereby into hydrogen enriched fuel gas which is conducted to and feeds the anodes of both of the cells.
Abstract translation: 一种以第一和第二电化学燃料电池为特征的电化学发电装置。 每个电池包括一个包含间隔开的阳极和阴极板的壳体，两个板之间的电解质和一个连接在它们之间的外部电路。 该装置接下来包括蒸汽 - 甲烷重整器，用于将蒸汽和甲烷重整成富氢气体燃料。 第一电池的阴极和阳极燃料是甲醇和氢气，其化学反应的副产物是水和甲烷气体。 第二电池的阴极和阳极燃料是氧和氢，并且其化学反应的副产物是水。 将第一电池的甲烷气体副产物和两个电池的水副产物进行到蒸汽 - 甲烷重整器，并由此重整成富氢燃料气体，该燃料气体被传导至两个电池的阳极并进料。
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公开(公告)号：US4492741A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-08
申请号：US563464
申请日：1983-12-20
Applicant: Ralph C. Struthers
Inventor： Ralph C. Struthers
IPC: H01M8/22
CPC classification number: H01M8/22
Abstract: A primary fuel cell including an elongate case defining a central ion exchange compartment with opposite ends and containing a liquid ionolyte. The case next defines an anode section at one end of the case and including a gas compartment containing boron monoxide gas fuel, a liquid compartment between the gas compartment and the ion exchange compartment and containing a liquid anolyte. The ionolyte and anolyte are separated by a cationic membrane. The gas and liquid compartments are separated by an anode plate including an electron collector part, a catalyst material carried by said part and a gas permeable hydrophobic membrane between the boron monoxide gas and the catalyst material. The cell further includes a cathode section at the other end of the case defining a cathode fuel compartment containing a fluid cathode fuel and a cathode plate between and separating the cathode fuel and the ionolyte in the ion exchange compartment. The cathode plate includes an electron distributor part and a catalyst material carried by the distributor part. If the cathode fuel is a gas fuel, the cathode plate also includes a gas permeable hydrophobic membrane between the catalyst material carried by the distributor part and the cathode fuel. The cathode and anode plates have terminals connected with a related external electric circuit.
Abstract translation: 主燃料电池包括限定具有相对端并包含液体离子电解质的中心离子交换室的细长壳体。 该情况接下来在壳体的一端限定阳极部分，并且包括含有一氧化碳气体燃料的气室，气室和离子交换室之间的液体室，并且含有液体阳极电解液。 离子电解质和阳极电解液由阳离子膜分离。 气体和液体隔室由包括电子收集器部分的阳极板，由所述部分承载的催化剂材料和在一氧化硼气体和催化剂材料之间的透气疏水膜分隔开。 电池进一步包括阴极部分，在壳体的另一端形成阴极燃料室，该阴极燃料室包含流体阴极燃料和阴离子板，并分离阴极燃料和离子交换室中的离子液体。 阴极板包括电子分配器部件和由分配器部件承载的催化剂材料。 如果阴极燃料是气体燃料，阴极板还包括在由分配器部分承载的催化剂材料和阴极燃料之间的透气疏水膜。 阴极和阳极板具有与相关外部电路连接的端子。
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