公开(公告)号：US08137857B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-20

申请号：US12311592

申请日：2006-10-27

申请人： Richard D. Breault

发明人： Richard D. Breault

IPC分类号： H01M2/02

CPC分类号： H01M8/086 ,  H01M8/023 ,  H01M8/04067 ,  H01M8/04283

摘要： A fuel cell (8a) having a matrix (11) for containing phosphoric acid (or other liquid) electrolyte with an anode catalyst (12) on one side and a cathode catalyst (13) on the other side includes an anode substrate (16a) in contact with the anode catalyst and a cathode substrate (17a) in contact with the cathode catalyst, the anode substrate being thicker than the cathode substrate by a ratio of between 1.75 to 1.0 and 3.0 to 1.0. Non-porous, hydrophobic separator plate assemblies (19) provide fuel flow channels (20) and oxidant flow channels (21) as well as demarcating the fuel cells.

摘要翻译： 具有用于在一侧含有阳极催化剂（12）的磷酸（或其他液体）电解质的基体（11）和另一侧的阴极催化剂（13）的燃料电池（8a）包括阳极基板（16a） 与阴极催化剂接触的阳极催化剂和与阴极催化剂接触的阴极基板（17a），阳极基板比阴极基板厚1.75〜1.0和3.0〜1.0。 无孔疏水分离器板组件（19）提供燃料流动通道（20）和氧化剂流动通道（21）以及分界燃料电池。

公开(公告)号：US20100230031A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-16

申请号：US12739205

申请日：2007-12-17

申请人： Richard D. Breault

发明人： Richard D. Breault

IPC分类号： H01M4/88 ,  B29C65/02

CPC分类号： B65G57/00 ,  C04B35/64 ,  C04B35/83 ,  C04B2235/9623 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/086 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02E60/50

摘要： A method of heat treating a substrate for a fuel cell includes stacking substrates to form a group. A dimension is determined for a plate corresponding to a resulting mass that is less than a predetermined mass. The plate is arranged above the group to apply a weight of the plate to the group. The resulting masses for spacer plates and intermediate lifting plates, for example, are minimized to reduce the pressure differential between the bottom and top substrates in the heat treat assembly. In another disclosed method, a dimension for a plate, such as a top plate, is determined that corresponds to a resulting mass that is greater than a predetermined mass. The plate is arranged above the group to apply a weight of the plate to the group. The top plate resulting mass is selected to minimize a variation in the average pressure of the substrates throughout the heat treat assembly.

摘要翻译： 一种用于燃料电池的基板的热处理方法包括堆叠基板以形成一组。 对于对应于小于预定质量的所得质量的板来确定尺寸。 板被布置在组上方以将板的重量施加到组。 例如，用于间隔板和中间提升板的所得质量被最小化以减少热处理组件中的底部和顶部基底之间的压力差。 在另一公开的方法中，确定板的尺寸，例如顶板，其对应于大于预定质量的所得质量。 板被布置在组上方以将板的重量施加到组。 选择顶板产生的质量以最小化整个热处理组件中的基底的平均压力的变化。

公开(公告)号：US20080118789A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-22

申请号：US11718335

申请日：2004-12-29

申请人： Richard D. Breault ,  Robert R. Fredley

发明人： Richard D. Breault ,  Robert R. Fredley

IPC分类号： H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/0213 ,  H01M8/0226 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/0297 ,  H01M8/04283 ,  H01M8/086

摘要： A fuel cell assembly (20) has a plurality of characteristics that extend the useful life of the assembly. In one example, flow field layers are non-porous and hydrophobic such that they have an acid absorption rate of less than about 0.10 mg/khr-cm2. An electrolyte retaining matrix has a reaction rate with phosphoric acid of less than about 0.010 mg/khr-cm2. Hydrophilic substrates associated with catalyst layers have an initial transferable phosphoric acid content of less than about 25 mg/cm2. A condensation zone provides an evaporative phosphoric acid loss rate that is less than about 0.17 mg/khr-cm2.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池组件（20）具有延长组件的使用寿命的多种特性。 在一个实例中，流场层是无孔和疏水的，使得它们具有小于约0.10mg / khr-cm 2的酸吸收速率。 电解质保留基质具有小于约0.010mg / khr-cm 2的磷酸的反应速率。 与催化剂层相关的亲水性底物具有小于约25mg / cm 2的初始可转移磷酸含量。 冷凝区提供小于约0.17mg / khr-cm 2的蒸发磷酸损失率。

公开(公告)号：US07063907B2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-20

申请号：US10612688

申请日：2003-07-02

申请人： Richard D. Breault

发明人： Richard D. Breault

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/04156

摘要： The invention includes an anode fuel flow field (100) adjacent a fuel cell (12) electrolyte (18) that defines a fuel path (102) between a fuel inlet (108) and a fuel outlet (110) and includes a cooler plate (118) in heat exchange relationship with the anode fuel flow field (100) that defines a coolant path (120) between a coolant inlet (126) and a coolant outlet (128). The fuel path (102) has a width (132) that is about the same as a width (134) of the coolant path (120) where the fuel path (102) and the coolant path (120) are closest to each other, and the fuel path (102) substantially overlies the coolant path (120) to minimize evaporation of water from water management flow fields (20) (22) and/or the electrolyte (18) into the fuel within the fuel path (102).

摘要翻译： 本发明包括邻近燃料电池（12）电解质（18）的阳极燃料流场（100），其限定燃料入口（108）和燃料出口（110）之间的燃料路径（102），并包括冷却器板 118）与限定冷却剂入口（126）和冷却剂出口（128）之间的冷却剂路径（120）的阳极燃料流场（100）的热交换关系。 燃料路径（102）具有与燃料路径（102）和冷却剂路径（120）彼此最接近的冷却剂路径（120）的宽度（134）大致相同的宽度（132） 并且燃料路径（102）基本上覆盖在冷却剂路径（120）上，以使来自水管理流场（20）（22）和/或电解质（18）的水的蒸发最小化到燃料路径（102）内的燃料中。

公开(公告)号：US06913845B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-05

申请号：US10282311

申请日：2002-10-28

申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Richard D. Breault ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Chris Vargas ,  Deliang Yang ,  Jung S. Yi

发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Richard D. Breault ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Chris Vargas ,  Deliang Yang ,  Jung S. Yi

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/04238 ,  H01M8/1016 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2465 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2300/0091

摘要： Each cell of a fuel cell stack is provided, between the anode 37 and cathodes 38, with either (a) a permanent shunt (20) which may be a discrete resistor (42-44), a diode (95), a strip of compliant carbon cloth (65), or a small amount of conductive carbon black (22) in the ionomer polymer mixture of which the proton exchange membrane (39) is formed, or (b) a removeable shunt such as a conductor (69) which may be rotated into and out of contact with the fuel cell anodes and cathodes, or a conductor (85) which may be urged into contact by means of a shape memory alloy actuator spring (90, 91), which may be heated.

摘要翻译： 在阳极37和阴极38之间提供燃料电池堆的每个电池，具有（a）永久性分流器（20），其可以是分立电阻器（42-44），二极管（95），一条 或其中形成质子交换膜（39）的离聚物聚合物混合物中的少量导电炭黑（22），或（b）诸如导体（69）的可移除分流器 可以与燃料电池阳极和阴极或者可以通过可被加热的形状记忆合金致动器弹簧（90,91）被推动接触的导体（85）旋转进入和脱离接触。

公开(公告)号：US06911275B2

公开(公告)日：2005-06-28

申请号：US10194122

申请日：2002-07-12

申请人： H. Harvey Michels ,  Richard D. Breault

发明人： H. Harvey Michels ,  Richard D. Breault

IPC分类号： H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225

摘要： A high molecular weight direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell 10 includes an electrolyte 52 secured between an anode catalyst 54 and a cathode catalyst 56; a porous anode substrate 58 secured in direct fluid communication with and supporting the anode catalyst 54; a porous wetproofed cathode substrate 62 secured in direct fluid communication with and supporting the cathode catalyst 56; a porous water transport plate 64 secured in direct fluid communication with the porous cathode substrate 62; and, a high molecular weight direct antifreeze solution passing through the porous water transport plate 64 to cool and remove product water from the fuel cell 10. The high molecular weight direct antifreeze solution preferably includes polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight ranging from 200 to 8,000 AMU. The direct antifreeze solution does not leave the water transport plate 64 in significant quantities to poison the catalysts.

摘要翻译： 高分子量直接防冻冷却燃料电池10包括固定在阳极催化剂54和阴极催化剂56之间的电解质52; 与阳极催化剂54直接流体连通并支撑阳极催化剂54的多孔阳极基板58; 与阴极催化剂56直接流体连通并支撑阴极催化剂56的多孔耐湿阴极基板62; 与多孔阴极基板62直接流体连通地固定的多孔水输送板64; 以及通过多孔水传输板64的高分子量直接防冻溶液，以冷却和从燃料电池10中除去产物水。高分子量直接防冻溶液优选包括分子量范围为200至8,000AMU的聚乙二醇 。 直接防冻溶液不会使水输送板64大量离开以使催化剂中毒。

公开(公告)号：US06855453B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-15

申请号：US10331421

申请日：2002-12-30

申请人： John A. S. Bett ,  Ned E. Cipollini ,  Thomas D. Jarvi ,  Richard D. Breault

发明人： John A. S. Bett ,  Ned E. Cipollini ,  Thomas D. Jarvi ,  Richard D. Breault

IPC分类号： H01M20060101 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M4/926 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M8/1007

摘要： The invention is a fuel cell (20) having a corrosion resistant and protected cathode catalyst layer (24). The cathode catalyst layer (24) includes a platinum oxygen reduction catalyst and an oxygen evolution catalyst selected from the group consisting of catalysts that are more active than platinum for oxygen evolution. The oxygen evolution catalyst may be uniformly applied within the cathode catalyst layer, or non-uniformly applied to identified high corrosion areas (82) (84) of the cathode catalyst layer (24). The cathode catalyst layer (24) may include heat-treated carbon support material, and/or a heat-treated carbon black within a diffusion layer (40) supporting the cathode catalyst layer (24). The fuel cell (20) may also include an anode catalyst layer (22) having a poor oxygen reduction catalyst having a greater oxygen reduction over potential than platinum.

摘要翻译： 本发明是具有耐腐蚀和保护的阴极催化剂层（24）的燃料电池（20）。 阴极催化剂层（24）包括铂氧还原催化剂和析氧催化剂，所述催化剂选自与铂相比更有活性以用于析氧的催化剂。 析氧催化剂可以均匀地施加在阴极催化剂层内，或者不均匀地施加到阴极催化剂层（24）的识别的高腐蚀区域（82）（84）上。 在支撑阴极催化剂层（24）的扩散层（40）内，阴极催化剂层（24）可以包括经热处理的碳载体材料和/或经热处理的炭黑。 燃料电池（20）还可以包括具有比铂更大的氧还原能力的氧还原催化剂不良的阳极催化剂层（22）。

公开(公告)号：US06794073B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US10037195

申请日：2001-11-09

申请人： Richard D. Breault ,  David A. Condit ,  Albert P. Grasso ,  Michael E. Gorman

发明人： Richard D. Breault ,  David A. Condit ,  Albert P. Grasso ,  Michael E. Gorman

IPC分类号： H01M804

CPC分类号： H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04126 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： A direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell is disclosed for producing electrical energy from reducing and process oxidant fluid streams that includes an electrolyte secured between an anode catalyst and a cathode catalyst; a porous anode substrate secured in direct fluid communication with and supporting the anode catalyst; a porous wetproofed cathode substrate secured in direct fluid communication with and supporting the cathode catalyst; a porous water transport or cooler plate secured in direct fluid communication with the porous cathode substrate; and, a direct antifreeze solution passing through the porous water transport plate. A preferred direct antifreeze solution passing through the porous water transport plate remains essentially within the water transport plate and does not poison the catalysts.

摘要翻译： 公开了直接防冻冷却的燃料电池，用于通过减少和处理氧化剂流体流产生电能，所述氧化剂流体流包括固定在阳极催化剂和阴极催化剂之间的电解质; 与阳极催化剂直接流体连通并支撑阳极催化剂的多孔阳极基板; 固定成与阴极催化剂直接流体连通并支撑阴极催化剂的多孔耐湿阴极基板; 固定成与多孔阴极基板直接流体连通的多孔水输送或冷却板; 以及通过多孔水输送板的直接防冻溶液。 通过多孔水输送板的优选的直接防冻溶液基本上保持在水输送板内，并且不会使催化剂中毒。

公开(公告)号：US06699612B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-02

申请号：US10034739

申请日：2001-12-26

申请人： Richard D. Breault ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

发明人： Richard D. Breault ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

IPC分类号： H01M0804

CPC分类号： H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0662

摘要： The invention reduces free water volume in a fuel cell power plant so support systems of the plant are freeze tolerant. The fuel cell power plant includes a coolant system having a sealed cooler plate that circulates an antifreeze coolant in heat exchange with a fuel cell and that collects fuel cell water; a water vapor removal system that removes water vapor from the antifreeze coolant to regulate the antifreeze concentration; and a start-up system having a start-up heat exchanger and a start-up valve that selectively direct heated antifreeze coolant into the cooler plate for a start-up procedure. The plant may also include a fuel processing system that utilizes the removed water vapor, and that is in heat exchange with the start-up heat exchanger. The antifreeze coolant is a low vapor pressure solution, such as an alkanetriol or polyethylene glycol.

摘要翻译： 本发明减少燃料电池发电厂中的自由水体积，因此该设备的支撑系统是耐冻的。 燃料电池发电厂包括冷却剂系统，该冷却剂系统具有密封的冷却器板，其与防燃剂冷却剂循环，与燃料电池进行热交换并且收集燃料电池水; 水蒸气去除系统，其从防冻剂冷却剂中去除水蒸气以调节防冻液浓度; 以及具有启动热交换器和启动阀的启动系统，其将加热的防冻冷却剂选择性地引导到用于启动程序的冷却器板中。 该设备还可以包括利用去除的水蒸气并与起动热交换器进行热交换的燃料处理系统。 防冻剂冷却剂是低蒸气压溶液，例如烷三醇或聚乙二醇。

公开(公告)号：US06682835B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-27

申请号：US09748037

申请日：2000-12-22

申请人： Richard D. Breault

发明人： Richard D. Breault

IPC分类号： H01M804

CPC分类号： H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04126 ,  H01M8/04388 ,  H01M8/04447 ,  H01M8/045 ,  H01M8/04589 ,  H01M8/241

摘要： A method and apparatus for increasing the operational efficiency of a fuel cell power plant including a cell stack assembly having a plurality of fuel cells in electrical communication with one another, each of the fuel cells including an anode substrate in fluid communication with an anode flow field plate. The proposed method includes forming a fuel channel in the anode flow field plate, providing a fuel stream to a fuel channel and interrupting the fuel channel at a location along the fuel channel so that the fuel stream is directed to permeate the anode substrate before being exhausted from the fuel cells.

摘要翻译： 一种用于提高燃料电池发电厂的操作效率的方法和装置，其包括具有彼此电连通的多个燃料电池的电池堆组件，每个燃料电池包括与阳极流场流体连通的阳极基板 盘子。 所提出的方法包括在阳极流场板中形成燃料通道，向燃料通道提供燃料流并在沿着燃料通道的位置处中断燃料通道，使得燃料流在被排出之前被引向阳极衬底渗透 从燃料电池。