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1.发明授权Methods for monitoring or controlling the ratio of hydrogen to water vapor in metal heat treating atmospheres 有权在金属热处理环境中监测或控制氢气与水蒸汽的比例的方法公开(公告)号：US07435929B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US11702764
申请日：2007-02-05
IPC分类号： H05B1/02
CPC分类号： F27B5/04 , F27B17/0016 , F27D7/00 , F27D7/06 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/00 , F27D21/0014 , F27D2019/0012
摘要： Methods for monitoring a heat treating atmosphere supply a preselected gas atmosphere at a preselected temperature to a heat treating furnace. The preselected temperature is not greater than a temperature at which wustite (FeO) forms. The methods sense the preselected gas atmosphere and the preselected temperature and compute a computed ratio of gaseous hydrogen H2 (g) to water vapor H2O (g) for the preselected atmosphere as a function of the sensed values.
摘要翻译： 用于监测热处理气氛的方法将预选气体气氛以预选温度供应到热处理炉。 预选温度不大于形成乌斯特（FeO）的温度。 这些方法检测预选的气体气氛和预选温度，并计算出预选的气体H 2 H 2（g）与水蒸气H 2 O（g）的计算比率 作为感测值的函数的气氛。
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公开(公告)号：US4588493A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-13
申请号：US651227
申请日：1984-09-17
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , G01N27/403 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4077
摘要： An oxygen probe for measuring the characteristics of furnace gases. The probe includes electrodes of a long lasting and relatively inexpensive nickel containing alloy. The probe is formed with apertures and internal passages for ventilating the three phase contact zones between gas, electrolyte, and electrodes with furnace gases, thereby minimizing errors due to catalytic reactions at the electrodes. The probe sheath may be composed of the same alloy as the electrodes, and the electrodes may be fabricated as an integral part of the sheath, so that the sheath serves both as a structural member and as an electrical conductor for conducting voltage generated within the electrodes. A gas pump may be used to assure adequate ventilation to the electrode-electrolyte interfaces.
摘要翻译： 用于测量炉内气体特性的氧气探头。 探头包括长寿命且相对便宜的含镍合金的电极。 探头形成有孔和内部通道，用于通过炉气通气气体，电解质和电极之间的三相接触区域，从而最小化由于电极处的催化反应引起的误差。 探针护套可以由与电极相同的合金组成，并且电极可以被制造为护套的整体部分，使得护套既用作结构构件又用作电导体，用于在电极内产生电压 。 可以使用气泵来确保对电极 - 电解质界面的充分通风。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06591215B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-08
申请号：US09252158
申请日：1999-02-18
IPC分类号： C21D1100
CPC分类号： C21D1/76 , C21D1/32 , C21D11/00 , C21D2211/003 , C21D2211/005 , C23C8/06 , C23C8/20
摘要： Systems and methods monitor the activity of carbon in a heat treating atmosphere, e.g., where a two phase region is desired for spherodize annealing. The systems and methods generate a computed activity of carbon value for the gas atmosphere as a function of temperature, partial pressure of oxygen, and carbon monoxide content of the gas atmosphere, and without determining a carbon dioxide content of the gas atmosphere. The systems and methods can make use of the computed activity of carbon value, e.g., to control the gas atmosphere.
摘要翻译： 系统和方法监测热处理气氛中碳的活性，例如需要两相区域用于球化退火。 系统和方法产生气体气氛中碳值的计算活动，作为气体气氛的温度，氧分压和一氧化碳含量的函数，并且不确定气体气氛的二氧化碳含量。 系统和方法可以利用所计算的碳值活性，例如控制气体气氛。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5556556A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-17
申请号：US359869
申请日：1994-12-20
IPC分类号： G01N1/22 , G01N33/00 , G01N27/409
CPC分类号： G01N1/2247 , G01N33/0011
摘要： Disclosed herein is a gas sampling system for analyzing the oxygen partial pressure in a gas carburizing atmosphere. The system is appropriate for remote sensing of gas when the probe can't be fitted in the heat treating apparatus. Sooting of the sampled gas tube and probe is eliminated by use of ceramic, non-catalytic surfaces in the measuring vessel. A ceramic feed pipe, with a small diameter, introduces the gas to be measured into the vessel and increases the velocity of the gas to avoid sooting.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于分析气体渗碳气氛中的氧分压的气体取样系统。 当探头不能安装在热处理装置中时，该系统适用于气体的遥感。 通过在测量容器中使用陶瓷，非催化表面来消除取样的气体管和探针的烟化。 具有小直径的陶瓷进料管将待测量的气体引入容器中并增加气体的速度以避免煤烟。
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公开(公告)号：US4814061A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US128061
申请日：1987-12-03
IPC分类号： G01N27/407 , G01N27/413 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4077
摘要： An oxygen sensor is provided with an electrolyte tube formed in two parts, one part is an elongated tube and the other part is a sacrificial pellet which thermally insulates the tube from thermal shock which can cause cracks in the tube.
摘要翻译： 氧传感器设置有两部分形成的电解质管，一部分是细长管，另一部分是牺牲颗粒，其将管与热冲击隔离，这可能导致管中的裂纹。
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公开(公告)号：US4186072A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-29
申请号：US914703
申请日：1978-06-12
IPC分类号： G01N27/407 , H01M8/12 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 , H01M4/9033
摘要： A probe comprising a tube made of solid electrolyte material is slidably mounted within a ceramic support tube which is mounted to project into the interior of a furnace. The end of the electrolyte tube is closed and the support tube has open ports or windows therein which expose the exterior end surface of the electrolyte tube to the hot furnace gases and causes a voltage to develop between the interior and the exterior surfaces of the electrolyte tube which is indicative of a furnace gas characterstic. A first electrode is supported between the ends of the electrolyte tube and the support tube, and a second electrode is supported within the inner end of the electrolyte tube. To prolong the life of the electrode, it is preferably made either of multiple layers of noble metal wire screens mounted in face-to-face relationship, a chemically stable electronic ceramic conductor such as cation-doped lanthanum chromite, or a noble metal screen coated with an electronic conducting ceramic cement.
摘要翻译： 包括由固体电解质材料制成的管的探针可滑动地安装在安装成投射到炉内部的陶瓷支撑管内。 电解质管的端部被封闭，并且支撑管具有敞开的端口或窗口，其中电解质管的外端表面暴露于热炉气体，并且在电解质管的内表面和外表面之间产生电压 这表明炉煤气特性。 第一电极被支撑在电解质管的端部和支撑管之间，第二电极被支撑在电解质管的内端内。 为了延长电极的使用寿命，优选由以层间相互安装的多层贵金属丝网制成，化学稳定的电子陶瓷导体，例如阳离子掺杂的亚铬酸镉，或贵金属屏蔽涂层 与电子导电陶瓷水泥。
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7.发明授权Metal heat treating systems that control the ratio of hydrogen to water vapor in metal heat treating atmospheres 有权在金属热处理环境中控制氢气与水蒸气比的金属热处理系统公开(公告)号：US07982165B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-19
申请号：US12287800
申请日：2008-10-14
IPC分类号： H05B1/02
CPC分类号： F27B5/04 , F27B17/0016 , F27D7/00 , F27D7/06 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/00 , F27D21/0014 , F27D2019/0012
摘要： A system for heat treating a metal product has an annealing zone having a first preselected atmosphere condition, a cooling zone having a second preselected atmosphere condition different than the first preselected atmosphere condition, and a blueing zone having a third preselected atmosphere condition different than the first and second preselected atmosphere conditions. A graphical user interface allows an operator select one of the zones for displaying processing information pertaining to the selected zone. The processing information includes a computed ratio of gaseous hydrogen H2 (g) to water vapor H2O (g) for the respective preselected atmosphere condition. The graphical user interface allows an operator to control the respective preselected atmosphere based, at least in part, upon the computed ratio.
摘要翻译： 用于热处理金属产品的系统具有具有第一预选气氛条件的退火区域，具有与第一预选气氛条件不同的第二预选气氛条件的冷却区域，以及具有与第一预选气氛条件不同的第三预选气氛条件的发蓝区域 和第二预选气氛条件。 图形用户界面允许操作者选择一个区域以显示与所选择的区域有关的处理信息。 处理信息包括对于各个预选气氛条件计算的气态氢气H 2（g）与水蒸汽H 2（g）的比率。 图形用户界面允许操作者至少部分地基于所计算的比例来控制相应的预选气氛。
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公开(公告)号：US4101404A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US700659
申请日：1976-06-28
IPC分类号： G01N27/407 , G01N27/46
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075
摘要： A probe comprising a tube made of solid electrolyte material is slidably mounted within a ceramic support tube which is mounted to project into the interior of a furnace. The end of the electrolyte tube is closed and the support tube has open ports or windows therein which expose the exterior end surface of the electrolyte tube to the hot furnace gases and causes a voltage to develop between the interior and the exterior surfaces of the electrolyte tube which is indicative of a furnace gas characteristic. A first electrode is supported between the ends of the electrolyte tube and the support tube, and a second electrode is supported within the inner end of the electrolyte tube. A hollow cylindrical cap is adjustably mounted adjacent the outer end of the electrolyte tube and contains an internal spring which urges the closed end of the electrolyte tube against the first electrode to maintain good electrical contact therebetween in spite of corrosive reaction of the electrode with the hot furnace gases or the electrolyte. To prolong the life of the electrode, it is preferably made either of two noble metal wire screens mounted in face-to-face relationship, or it is made of a chemically stable electronic ceramic conductor such as cation-doped lanthanum chromite, which is substantially inert with respect to known electrolytes and known hot furnace gases.
摘要翻译： 包括由固体电解质材料制成的管的探针可滑动地安装在安装成投射到炉内部的陶瓷支撑管内。 电解质管的端部被封闭，并且支撑管具有敞开的端口或窗口，其中电解质管的外端表面暴露于热炉气体，并且在电解质管的内表面和外表面之间产生电压 这表明炉气特性。 第一电极被支撑在电解质管的端部和支撑管之间，第二电极被支撑在电解质管的内端内。 中空圆柱形盖可调节地安装在电解质管的外端附近，并且包含内部弹簧，其将电解质管的封闭端抵靠第一电极，以保持良好的电接触，尽管电极与热的腐蚀性反应 炉气或电解液。 为了延长电极的寿命，优选由以面对面的方式安装的两个贵金属丝网制成，或者由化学稳定的电子陶瓷导体例如阳离子掺杂的亚铬酸镧制成，其基本上 对于已知的电解质和已知的热炉气体是惰性的。
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9.发明授权Systems and methods for monitoring or controlling the ratio of hydrogen to water vapor in heat metal treating atmospheres 有权用于监测或控制热金属处理环境中氢气与水蒸汽的比例的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07193189B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-20
申请号：US10858274
申请日：2004-06-01
IPC分类号： H05B1/02
CPC分类号： F27B5/04 , F27B17/0016 , F27D7/00 , F27D7/06 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/00 , F27D21/0014 , F27D2019/0012
摘要： Systems and methods for monitoring a heat treating atmosphere derive from at least one sensor placed in situ in the atmosphere a process variable, which is indicative of the ratio of gaseous hydrogen H2 (g) to water vapor H2O (g) in the atmosphere. The systems and methods use the process variable, e.g., to control the atmosphere, or to record or display the process variable.
摘要翻译： 用于监测热处理气氛的系统和方法来自于在大气中原位放置的至少一个传感器，其表示气态氢H 2（g）与水蒸汽H的比例 O（g）在大气中。 系统和方法使用过程变量，例如控制大气，或者记录或显示过程变量。
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10.发明授权Systems and methods for monitoring or controlling the ratio of hydrogen to water vapor in metal heat treating atmospheres 有权用于监测或控制金属热处理环境中氢与水蒸气比的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06612154B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09218390
申请日：1998-12-22
IPC分类号： G01N716
CPC分类号： F27B5/04 , F27B17/0016 , F27D7/00 , F27D7/06 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/00 , F27D21/0014 , F27D2019/0012
摘要： Systems and methods for monitoring a heat treating atmosphere derive from at least one sensor placed in situ in the atmosphere a process variable, which is indicative of the ratio of gaseous hydrogen H2(g) to water vapor H2O(g) in the atmosphere. The systems and methods use the process variable, e.g., to control the atmosphere, or to record, or display the process variable.
摘要翻译： 用于监测热处理气氛的系统和方法来自于在大气中原位放置的至少一个传感器，其表示气氛H2（g）与水蒸气H 2（g）在气氛中的比例。 系统和方法使用过程变量，例如控制大气，或记录或显示过程变量。
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