EXPANDED BEAM OPTICAL ATTENUATOR
    1.
    发明申请
    EXPANDED BEAM OPTICAL ATTENUATOR 有权
    扩展光束光衰减器

    公开(公告)号:US20070292099A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-12-20

    申请号:US11765312

    申请日:2007-06-19

    IPC分类号: G02B6/00

    摘要: An attenuator for optical signals includes a base. A first ferrule has a first optic fiber passing through a central bore therein and attached to a first lens at an end of the first ferrule. The first ferrule is fixed in position relative to the base. A second ferrule has a second optic fiber passing through a central bore therein and attached to a second lens at an end of the second ferrule. The second lens faces the first lens. The second ferrule is fixed to the base and can be moved relative to the base by a user adjustment feature, so that the second lens may be moved relative to the first lens. The relative placement between the first and second lens controls the attenuation of the attenuator.

    摘要翻译: 用于光信号的衰减器包括基座。 第一套圈具有穿过其中的中心孔的第一光纤,并且在第一套圈的端部处附接到第一透镜。 第一套圈相对于底座固定就位。 第二套圈具有穿过其中的中心孔的第二光纤,并且在第二套圈的一端附接到第二透镜。 第二个镜头面向第一个镜头。 第二套圈固定在基座上,并且可以通过用户调节特征相对于基座移动,使得第二透镜可以相对于第一透镜移动。 第一和第二透镜之间的相对位置控制衰减器的衰减。

    Model for studying the role of genes in tumor resistance to chemotherapy
    2.
    发明申请
    Model for studying the role of genes in tumor resistance to chemotherapy 审中-公开
    研究基因在肿瘤抗化疗中的作用模型

    公开(公告)号:US20060294604A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-12-28

    申请号:US10546055

    申请日:2004-02-17

    摘要: The invention provides the components of in vivo and in vitro systems and methods which use them to study the effects of altered expression of a gene activity, such as the human akt, bcl-2, eIF4E or PTEN activities, on the descendants of stem cells that have been engineered to give rise to hematopoietic tumorigenic or tumor cells, such as lymphomas, with a high frequency. The present invention provides vectors, cells and mammals, and methods which in part depend on such products, useful for understanding tumorigenesis and its treatments, and in particular, for identifying and studying inhibitors and activators associated with tumor cell growth and growth inhibition, cell death through apoptotic pathways, and changes in apoptotic pathway components that affect drug sensitivity and resistance in tumorigenic cells. Methods for identifying molecular targets for drug screening, identifying interacting gene activities, for identifying therapeutic treatments and for identifying candidates for new therapeutic treatments are provided.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供体内和体外系统和方法的组分,其使用它们来研究基因活性的表达改变如人类akt,bcl-2,eIF4E或PTEN活性对干细胞后代的影响 已被设计成以高频率引起造血致瘤性或肿瘤细胞如淋巴瘤。 本发明提供载体,细胞和哺乳动物,以及部分依赖于这些产物的方法,其可用于了解肿瘤发生及其治疗,特别是鉴定和研究与肿瘤细胞生长和生长抑制相关的抑制剂和激活剂,细胞死亡 通过细胞凋亡途径以及影响致瘤细胞中药物敏感性和抗性的凋亡途径成分的变化。 提供了用于鉴定用于药物筛选的分子靶标,鉴定相互作用的基因活性,用于鉴定治疗性治疗和鉴定新的治疗性治疗候选物的方法。

    Development and use of a new orthotopic, genetically tractable non-human animal model for liver cancer
    4.
    发明申请
    Development and use of a new orthotopic, genetically tractable non-human animal model for liver cancer 审中-公开
    开发和使用新的原位,遗传易感的非人动物肝癌模型

    公开(公告)号:US20060162000A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-07-20

    申请号:US11325218

    申请日:2006-01-03

    IPC分类号: A01K67/027 C12N15/87

    摘要: This invention provides a genetically tractable in situ non-human animal model for hepatocellular carcinoma. The model is useful, inter alia, in understanding the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer, in understanding the genetic alterations that lead to chemoresistance or poor prognosis, and in identifying and evaluating new therapies against hepatocellular carcinomas. The liver cancer model of this invention is made by altering hepatocytes to increase oncogene expression, to reduce tumor suppressor gene expression or both and by transplanting the resulting hepatocytes into a recipient non-human animal.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了用于肝细胞癌的遗传易处理的非人动物模型。 该模型除其他外,有助于理解肝癌的分子机制,了解导致化学耐药性或预后不良的遗传改变,以及鉴定和评估针对肝细胞癌的新疗法。 本发明的肝癌模型通过改变肝细胞以增加癌基因表达,减少肿瘤抑制基因表达或两者并通过将所得肝细胞移植到受体非人动物中来制备。