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公开(公告)号：US4230673A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-28
申请号：US9635
申请日：1979-02-05
申请人： Edward N. Balko , Shyam D. Argade
发明人： Edward N. Balko , Shyam D. Argade
CPC分类号： C01B7/0743
摘要： In a process for making chlorine electrolytically in which a build-up of nitrogen trichloride occurs in the bottoms of cooling apparatus, a method and apparatus is provided wherein the nitrogen trichloride is dissolved in an organic solvent such as carbon tetrachloride, the chlorine removed, and the solution treated to destroy the otherwise hazardous nitrogen trichloride. The solvent is then separated and recycled to avoid environmentally undesirable waste products.
摘要翻译： 在冷却装置的底部产生氯化氢的电解方法中，提供了一种方法和装置，其中将三氯化氮溶解在有机溶剂如四氯化碳中，除去氯和 该溶液被处理以破坏否则有害的三氯化氮。 然后将溶剂分离并再循环，以避免环境不良的废物。
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公开(公告)号：US4193861A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-18
申请号：US1445
申请日：1979-01-08
IPC分类号： C25B13/08
CPC分类号： C25B13/08
摘要： Initial cell voltages are reduced by decreasing the resistance of the diaphragm through a degassing procedure prior to or at installation thereof. This degassing procedure involves subjecting the diaphragm to subatmospheric pressure while contacting the diaphragm with electrolyte, said electrolyte being an aqueous saline solution having a surface active agent therein in an amount sufficient to reduce the surface tension below the critical surface tension for wetting the fibers, and increasing the pressure to atmospheric or cell working pressure to force electrolyte solution into the interstices of the diaphragm.
摘要翻译： 通过在其安装之前或在安装时通过脱气程序减小隔膜的电阻来降低初始电池电压。 该脱气方法包括使膜片在低于大气压力的同时使膜片与电解质接触，所述电解质是其中具有表面活性剂的盐水溶液，其量足以将表面张力降低到用于润湿纤维的临界表面张力以下，以及 将压力增加到大气压力或电池工作压力，以迫使电解质溶液进入隔膜的间隙。
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公开(公告)号：US4126536A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-21
申请号：US754655
申请日：1976-12-27
CPC分类号： C25B13/04
摘要： Synthetic-fiber diaphragms are further improved by incorporating in the diaphragm an effective proportion of a suitable inorganic material such as TiO.sub.2, BaSO.sub.4 or K.sub.2 Ti.sub.8 O.sub.17, which is more hydrophilic than the fluoropolymer forming the diaphragm. This is done either by mixing the inorganic material with the resin before it is made into fiber or by supplying sub-micron-sized particles of the inorganic material, during or even after diaphragm formation. A principal benefit is that this lowers the cell voltage which is required during an initial period (up to about 300 hours) of the operation of a chlor-alkali cell provided with such a diaphragm, making it possible to avoid such drawbacks as suffering an initial period of low production or the necessity of providing external cooling to the cell during such an initial period.
摘要翻译： 合成纤维隔膜通过在隔膜中结合有效比例的合适的无机材料例如TiO 2，BaSO 4或K 2 Ti 8 O 17，比形成隔膜的氟聚合物更亲水，进一步改进。 这可以通过在制成纤维之前将无机材料与树脂混合，或者在隔膜形成期间或甚至在隔膜形成之后通过供应亚微米级的无机材料颗粒来完成。 主要的好处是这降低了在设置有这种隔膜的氯碱电池的操作的初始阶段（高达约300小时）期间所需的电池电压，使得可以避免诸如遭受初始 在生产初期或在这样的初始阶段对电池提供外部冷却的必要性。
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公开(公告)号：US3944477A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-16
申请号：US514658
申请日：1974-10-15
申请人： Shyam D. Argade
发明人： Shyam D. Argade
CPC分类号： C25B13/00
摘要： In an electrolytic cell for the production of halogen and caustic from an aqueous alkali metal halide solution containing anode and cathode compartments separated by a diaphragm an improved diaphragm is provided. The diaphragm is a porous sheet material made of a tetrafluoroethylene polymer having a low amorphous content and a micro-structure characterized by nodes interconnected by fibrils having a porosity of about 50 to 90 percent and a very tortuous path of interconnection. The improved diaphragm has an extremely long service life.
摘要翻译： 在由含有隔膜隔开的阳极和阴极隔室的碱金属卤化物水溶液生产卤素和苛性碱的电解槽中，提供改进的隔膜。 隔膜是由具有低无定形含量的四氟乙烯聚合物制成的多孔板材料，其特征在于由具有约50％至90％的孔隙率和非常曲折的互连路径的原纤维相互连接的节点。 改进的隔膜使用寿命极长。
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5.发明授权Method for the recovery of mercury and other heavy metal ions from a liquid stream 失效从液体流中回收汞和其他重金属离子的方法
公开(公告)号：US4208258A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-17
申请号：US910560
申请日：1978-05-30
申请人： Edward N. Balko , Shyam D. Argade
发明人： Edward N. Balko , Shyam D. Argade
CPC分类号： C02F1/46114 , C01D3/14 , C02F1/4678 , C25B9/168
摘要： Small quantities of metal ions can be removed from an aqueous solution by subjecting the solution to an electric current in the presence of an anode and a fibrous metal cathode. The invention also provides an electrolytic apparatus having such electrodes. The process is particularly adaptable to the removal of mercury contamination from liquid brine streams.
摘要翻译： 通过在阳极和纤维状金属阴极的存在下使溶液经受电流，可以从水溶液中除去少量的金属离子。 本发明还提供一种具有这种电极的电解装置。 该过程特别适用于从液体卤水流中除去汞污染物。
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公开(公告)号：US4049841A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-20
申请号：US611030
申请日：1975-09-08
申请人： Thomas G. Coker , Shyam D. Argade
发明人： Thomas G. Coker , Shyam D. Argade
CPC分类号： C25B11/0447 , C25B11/0442 , C25B11/0478
摘要： A ferrous metal cathode used in a chlor-alkali electrolytic cell has a metallic coating deposited thereon. The metallic coating is applied by either flame spraying or plasma spraying a powdered metal onto the ferrous metal surface. The metals which are utilized are those having a lower hydrogen overvoltage than iron.
摘要翻译： 用于氯碱电解池的黑色金属阴极上沉积有金属涂层。 通过火焰喷涂或将粉末状金属等离子体喷涂到黑色金属表面上来施加金属涂层。 使用的金属是具有比铁低的氢过电压的金属。
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公开(公告)号：US4183793A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-15
申请号：US935038
申请日：1978-08-18
摘要： Fibers about micron size in cross-section of certain fluorine-containing polymers can be treated after being deposited as a diaphragm, either during operation or separately before installation, so that they develop a 0.25-millimeter-thick ply on either side of a central body which is substantially different in chemical composition. This yields a diaphragm 1 to 5 millimeters thick which has a Mullen burst strength approximately three to five times greater than that of an untreated diaphragm (20-25 pounds per square inch versus 5 to 7 pounds per square inch) and a remarkably improved service life in the treated diaphragm (200 days and up) in comparison with such untreated diaphragm (30 days or less). Use of a polymer based upon a major proportion of chlorotrifluoroethylene appears to be required. This discovery is economically significant, in that it is an essential element in the technology of the replacement of asbestos diaphragms now used with a synthetic material. Health-hazard and pollution-control considerations have made it desirable to replace asbestos, and this invention provides the key to the solution of the problem.Moreover, a synthetic-polymer diaphragm has two significant advantages that an asbestos one lacks--it will withstand washing or cleaning with an acid solution, and it does not swell in service and resists erosion, so that a closer electrode spacing can be used and the cell voltage can thus be lower.
摘要翻译： 在某些含氟聚合物的横截面上的微米尺寸的纤维可以在操作期间或在安装之前分开沉积后作为隔膜进行处理，使得它们在中心体的两侧形成0.25毫米厚的层 这在化学组成上是显着不同的。 这产生了1至5毫米厚的隔膜，其具有比未经处理的隔膜（20-25磅/平方英寸，相对于5至7磅/平方英寸）大约3至5倍的马伦爆裂强度，并且显着改善的使用寿命 与经处理的隔膜（200天及以上）相比，未经处理的隔膜（30天以内）。 似乎需要使用基于主要比例的三氟氯乙烯的聚合物。 这个发现在经济上是重要的，因为它是现在与合成材料一起使用的石棉隔膜的替代技术的基本要素。 健康危害和污染控制的考虑已经取代了石棉，本发明提供了解决问题的关键。 此外，合成聚合物隔膜具有两个显着的优点，即石棉一个缺点，它将承受用酸溶液的洗涤或清洗，并且不会在使用中膨胀并抵抗侵蚀，使得可以使用更近的电极间距，并且 因此，电池电压可以更低。
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公开(公告)号：US4126535A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-21
申请号：US742818
申请日：1976-11-18
CPC分类号： C25B13/08
摘要： Fibers about micron size in cross-section of certain fluorine-containing polymers can be treated after being deposited as a diaphragm, either during operation or separately before installation, so that they develop a 0.25-millimeter-thick ply on either side of a central body which is substantially different in chemical composition. This yields a diaphragm 1 to 5 millimeters thick which has a Mullen burst strength approximately three to five times greater than that of an untreated diaphragm (20-25 pounds per square inch versus 5 to 7 pounds per square inch) and a remarkably improved service life in the treated diaphragm (200 days and up) in comparison with such untreated diaphragm (30 days or less). Use of a polymer based upon a major proportion of chlorotrifluoroethylene appears to be required. This discovery is economically significant, in that it is an essential element in the technology of the replacement of asbestos diaphragms now used with a synthetic material. Health-hazard and pollution-control considerations have made it desirable to replace asbestos, and this invention provides the key to the solution of the problem. Moreover, a synthetic-polymer diaphragm has two significant advantages that an asbestos one lacks--it will withstand washing or cleaning with an acid solution, and it does not swell in service and resists erosion, so that a closer electrode spacing can be used and the cell voltage can thus be lower.
摘要翻译： 在某些含氟聚合物的横截面上的微米尺寸的纤维可以在操作期间或在安装之前分开沉积后作为隔膜进行处理，使得它们在中心体的两侧形成0.25毫米厚的层 这在化学组成上是显着不同的。 这产生了1至5毫米厚的隔膜，其具有比未经处理的隔膜（20-25磅/平方英寸，相对于5至7磅/平方英寸）大约3至5倍的马伦爆裂强度，并且显着改善的使用寿命 与经处理的隔膜（200天及以上）相比，未经处理的隔膜（30天以内）。 似乎需要使用基于主要比例的三氟氯乙烯的聚合物。 这个发现在经济上是重要的，因为它是现在与合成材料一起使用的石棉隔膜的替代技术的基本要素。 健康危害和污染控制的考虑已经取代了石棉，本发明提供了解决问题的关键。 此外，合成聚合物隔膜具有两个显着的优点，即石棉一个缺点，它将承受用酸溶液的洗涤或清洗，并且不会在使用中膨胀并抵抗侵蚀，使得可以使用更近的电极间距，并且 因此，电池电压可以更低。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4038365A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-26
申请号：US637328
申请日：1975-12-03
CPC分类号： C25B1/34 , C01D3/14 , C02F1/5236 , C02F1/54
摘要： Brine from a conventional treatment process is pre-filtered prior to the electrolysis of same by a method which includes the steps of: (a) heating the brine, (b) adding sodium carbonate thereto, (c) stirring the solution, (d) allowing the solution to settle, and (e) passing the solution through an absolute membrane filter. The filter "polishes" the brine feed by removing the high hardness ions.
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4210515A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-01
申请号：US548684
申请日：1975-02-10
申请人： Arvind S. Patil , Shyam D. Argade
发明人： Arvind S. Patil , Shyam D. Argade
CPC分类号： C25B13/08
摘要： Discrete thermoplastic fibers of fluorohydrocarbons and other self-bonding thermoplastic fibers are deployed as separators or diaphragms in electrochemical cells.
摘要翻译： 氟化烃和其他自粘合热塑性纤维的分散热塑性纤维作为隔膜或隔膜部署在电化学电池中。
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