公开(公告)号：US06844729B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-18

申请号：US10453263

申请日：2003-06-03

申请人： Michael M. Herron ,  Susan L. Herron

发明人： Michael M. Herron ,  Susan L. Herron

IPC分类号： G01V1/00 ,  G01V11/00 ,  E03D7/14

CPC分类号： G01V11/00

摘要： A method of using nuclear spectroscopy measurements acquired while drilling a subsurface formation including: measuring indicators of a plurality of absolute or relative formation elemental concentrations; processing the measurements to determine a petrophysical parameter associated with the subsurface formation while drilling, and using the petrophysical parameter to determine a drilling parameter. The petrophysical parameter may include, for instance, the permeability of the subsurface formation and the drilling parameter may include, for instance, a change in the orientation of a directional drilling assembly or the point at which to stop drilling. The invention further involves an apparatus adapted to carry out the inventive method.

摘要翻译： 在钻探地下地层时采用核光谱测量的方法，包括：测量多个绝对或相对地层元素浓度的指标; 处理测量以确定在钻井时与地下地层相关联的岩石物理参数，并使用岩石物理参数来确定钻井参数。 岩石物理参数可以包括例如地下地层的渗透率和钻井参数可以包括例如定向钻井组件的方向的变化或停止钻孔的点。 本发明还涉及适于实现本发明方法的设备。

公开(公告)号：US06718265B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-06

申请号：US10219356

申请日：2002-08-15

申请人： Michael M. Herron ,  Susan L. Herron

发明人： Michael M. Herron ,  Susan L. Herron

IPC分类号： G01V508

CPC分类号： G01V1/306

摘要： A method of estimating a petrophysical property of a subsurface area that includes deriving an acoustic calibration relationship correlating acoustic propagation characteristics of a first subsurface area with a petrophysical property of the first subsurface area determined using nuclear spectroscopy measurements; processing acoustic data acquired from a second subsurface area to determine acoustic propagation characteristics associated with a plurality of regions within the second subsurface area; and estimating the petrophysical property of the regions within the second subsurface area using the calibration relationship and the acoustic propagation characteristics associated with the second subsurface area. An associated method includes determining one or more boundaries within the first subsurface area, deriving different acoustic calibration relationships on opposite sides of these one or more boundaries, and then using these different acoustic calibration relationships to estimate a petrophysical property of regions within the second subsurface area.

摘要翻译： 一种估计地下区域的岩石物理性质的方法，其包括导出将第一地下区域的声学传播特性与使用核光谱测量确定的第一地下区域的岩石物理性质相关联的声学校准关系; 处理从第二地下区域获取的声学数据，以确定与所述第二地下区域内的多个区域相关联的声学传播特性; 以及使用所述校准关系和与所述第二地下区域相关联的声学传播特性来估计所述第二地下区域内的所述区域的岩石物理性质。相关联的方法包括确定所述第一地下区域内的一个或多个边界，导出不同的声学校准关系 这些一个或多个边界的相对侧，然后使用这些不同的声学校准关系来估计第二表面区域内的区域的岩石物理性质。

公开(公告)号：US5471057A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-28

申请号：US303903

申请日：1994-09-09

申请人： Susan L. Herron

发明人： Susan L. Herron

IPC分类号： G01V5/10

CPC分类号： G01V5/101

摘要： A method for determining the elemental concentrations in an underground formation by irradiating the formation with neutrons, detecting the .gamma. ray spectrum arising from neutron capture by the formation and analyzing the spectrum to determine elemental concentrations. This method avoids the need for activation measurements or natural radiation measurements and which is made possible by modifying the detected yield of iron (Fe) in the spectrum to compensate for the absence of aluminum (Al) and for the absence of potassium (K) when not measured directly. Apparatus for performing this method can comprise a neutron source, such as a broad energy chemical source, e.g. AmBe, or a pulsed accelerator source, a .gamma. ray detector for detecting capture .gamma. rays and means for analyzing the spectra detected by the detector for determining the elemental concentrations in the formation. This apparatus does not require an activation source nor does it require natural radiation or activation detectors and analysis circuitry.

摘要翻译： 通过用中子照射地层来确定地下地层中的元素浓度的方法，通过形成检测由中子俘获产生的伽马射线谱，并分析光谱以确定元素浓度。 这种方法避免了激活测量或自然辐射测量的需要，并且这可以通过修改光谱中检测到的铁（Fe）的产率来补偿铝（Al）的不存在和钾（K）的不存在 不直接测量 用于执行该方法的装置可以包括中子源，例如宽能化学源，例如。 AmBe或脉冲加速器源，用于检测捕获伽马射线的伽马射线检测器和用于分析由检测器检测的用于确定地层中的元素浓度的光谱的装置。 该装置不需要激活源，也不需要自然辐射或激活检测器和分析电路。

公开(公告)号：US06571619B2

公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

申请号：US09975416

申请日：2001-10-11

申请人： Michael M. Herron ,  Susan L. Herron

发明人： Michael M. Herron ,  Susan L. Herron

IPC分类号： G01N2300

CPC分类号： G01V11/00

摘要： A subsurface formation petrophysical evaluation method including: determining formation porosity and permeability using a quantitative indication of formation composition; estimating water-filled formation resistivity using the formation porosity; associating differences between measured formation resistivity and estimated water saturated formation resistivity with the presence of subsurface hydrocarbons; and estimating irreducible formation water saturation using the formation porosity and the formation permeability. The invention further involves an apparatus adapted to carry out the inventive method. Other aspects of the invention involve making a plurality of different measurements of a subsurface formation, including measuring indicators of a plurality of absolute or relative formation elemental concentrations; processing the measurements to determine a plurality of parameters associated with the subsurface formation, and determining either net pay intervals or drilling parameters using these formation parameters and either interval acceptance criteria or desired wellbore criteria, respectively.

摘要翻译： 地下地层岩石物理评估方法，包括：使用地层组成的定量指标确定地层孔隙度和渗透率; 使用地层孔隙度估算填充地层的电阻率; 测量地层电阻率与估计的水饱和地层电阻率之间的差异与地下烃的存在相关联; 并使用地层孔隙度和地层渗透率估算不可约地层水饱和度。 本发明还涉及适于实现本发明方法的设备。 本发明的其它方面涉及对地下地层进行多个不同的测量，包括测量多个绝对或相对地层元素浓度的指标; 处理测量以确定与地下地层相关联的多个参数，以及分别使用这些地层参数和间隔接受标准或期望的井眼标准来确定净工资间隔或钻探参数。

公开(公告)号：US5786595A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-28

申请号：US625459

申请日：1996-03-29

申请人： Susan L. Herron ,  Michael M. Herron

发明人： Susan L. Herron ,  Michael M. Herron

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/101

摘要： A method for determining total clay content of an earth formation based on elemental concentration logs obtained from a logging tool. This method avoids the need for obtaining an aluminum concentration measurement. First, the concentrations of a plurality of elements in the formation are determined without measuring an aluminum concentration. Then, at least the silicon, calcium, and iron concentrations are combined in accordance with a function determined by regression analysis to produce an estimate of the total clay content.

摘要翻译： 基于从测井工具获得的元素浓度测定法，测定地层总粘土含量的方法。 该方法避免了获得铝浓度测量的需要。 首先，在不测量铝浓度的情况下确定地层中多个元素的浓度。 然后，根据由回归分析确定的函数，至少将硅，钙和铁浓度组合以产生总粘土含量的估计值。

公开(公告)号：US4686364A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-11

申请号：US756613

申请日：1985-07-19

申请人： Susan L. Herron

发明人： Susan L. Herron

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  G01N33/24 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/241 ,  E21B49/00

摘要： A method for determining in situ the carbon content of a source rock comprises determining the carbon/oxygen elemental ratio of the formation via inelastic gamma spectroscopy, determining the porosity of the formation, obtaining the oxygen contents and densities of the fluid and minerals in said formation, and determining the carbon content from said carbon/oxygen ratio, and said oxygen contents and densities of the fluid and minerals. The density of the fluid may be assumed, as may the oxygen content of both the formation fluid and minerals. The mineral density may also be assigned a constant value based on lithology. An alternative total carbon content determination is made by additionally determining the fractional volume, density, and oxygen content of the organic matter in the formation, and the combined mineral-organic matter density, and combining this additional information with the previously-listed determinations. The oxygen content of the organic matter may be assumed and the density of the organic matter may be assigned a constant value. The fractional volume of organic matter is calculated by using the previously determined carbon content multiplied by a weight to volume conversion factor. The combined mineral-organic matter density is determined from the densities and volumes of the organic matter and minerals. The organic matter volume may be combined with the other information to provide the alternative total carbon content determination. By eliminating the carbon contributed to the total carbon determination by formation carbonates, total organic carbon may be determined and source rocks identified and evaluated.

摘要翻译： 用于原位确定源岩的碳含量的方法包括通过非弹性γ光谱测定地层的碳/氧元素比，确定地层的孔隙度，获得所述地层中的流体和矿物的氧含量和密度 ，并根据所述碳/氧比确定碳含量，以及所述含氧量和所述流体和矿物质的密度。 可以假设流体的密度，地层流体和矿物质的含氧量也可以。 矿物质密度也可以根据岩性赋予一个恒定的值。 通过另外确定地层中有机物质的分数体积，密度和氧含量以及矿物 - 有机物质组合的组合，并将这些附加信息与先前列出的测定结合起来，进行替代的总碳含量测定。 可以假设有机物的氧含量，并且有机物的密度可以被赋予恒定值。 通过使用先前确定的碳含量乘以重量/体积转换因子来计算有机物的分数体积。 矿物 - 有机物的组合密度由有机物和矿物质的密度和体积决定。 有机物质量可以与其他信息组合以提供替代的总碳含量测定。 通过消除通过碳酸盐形成碳总决定的碳，可以确定总有机碳并确定源岩。