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公开(公告)号：US06427759B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09585136
申请日：2000-06-01
申请人： Richard S. Bauer , Barry L. Riutta , Terrance M. Cleary , Raymond J. Donahue , Kevin R. Anderson
发明人： Richard S. Bauer , Barry L. Riutta , Terrance M. Cleary , Raymond J. Donahue , Kevin R. Anderson
IPC分类号： B22C900
摘要： An investment cast stainless steel article, such as a marine propeller, is composed of a stainless steel alloy containing from 14.5 to 15.2% chromium, 5.35% to 6.05% nickel and 1.0% to 1.5% silicon. During the investment casting procedure, the increased silicon in the stainless steel lowers the driving force for the silicon from reacting with the molten metal, thereby reducing casting defects and decreasing the time and labor required for final grinding and polishing of the propeller
摘要翻译： 投资不锈钢制品如船用螺旋桨由含有14.5至15.2％铬，5.35％至6.05％镍和1.0％至1.5％硅的不锈钢合金组成。 在熔模铸造过程中，不锈钢中增加的硅降低了硅与熔融金属反应的驱动力，从而减少了铸造缺陷并减少了螺旋桨的最终研磨和抛光所需的时间和人力
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2.发明授权Evaporable foam casting system utilizing an aluminum-silicon alloy containing a high magnesium content 失效使用含有高镁含量的铝硅合金的可蒸发泡沫浇注系统
公开(公告)号：US5290373A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US52170
申请日：1993-04-23
摘要： A method of evaporable foam casting of metal articles, such as engine blocks for internal combustion engines. An evaporable foam pattern having a configuration proportionally identical to the article to be cast is positioned in a mold and a finely divided flowable material, such as sand, surrounds the pattern and fills the internal cavities of the pattern. A molten hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy containing 16% to 19.5% by weight of silicon and containing a magnesium content in excess of the magnesium solid solubility limit, is fed into the mold and into contact with the pattern. The heat of the molten metal vaporizes the pattern, with the vapor being trapped within the sand and the molten metal filling the void created by vaporization of the pattern to provide a cast article. The high magnesium content in the alloy produces in the solid state a Mg.sub.2 Si phase in the eutectic and in the molten state an insulating magnesium oxide surface film which decreases the chilling of the molten metal front and prevents the liquid styrene defects resulting from degradation of the polymeric material.
摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的发动机缸体的金属制品的可蒸发泡沫铸造的方法。 具有与要铸造的制品成比例地相同的构造的可蒸发泡沫图案位于模具中，并且细碎的可流动材料（例如砂）围绕图案并填充图案的内部空腔。 将含有16重量％至19.5重量％硅并含有镁含量超过镁固溶度极限的熔融过共晶铝硅合金进料到模具中并与图案接触。 熔融金属的热量蒸发图案，其中蒸汽被捕获在砂中，并且熔融金属填充由图案的蒸发产生的空隙以提供铸造制品。 合金中的高镁含量在固态中产生在共晶中和在熔融状态下的Mg2Si相，其中绝缘的氧化镁表面膜减少了熔融金属前沿的冷却，并且防止由聚合物降解引起的液体苯乙烯缺陷 材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4858671A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US183622
申请日：1988-04-19
摘要： Molten metal is poured in an open top basin that communicates via a sprue with a cavity or expendable pattern in a mold to fill the cavity and partially fill the basin. After the casting metal has solidified through the gating that connects the sprue to the cavity, a tapered heat transfer member is introduced into the molten metal in the basin. A cooling medium is passed through the heat transfer member to extract heat from the metal in the basin and correspondingly cool the metal casting, thereby decreasing the cooling period prior to shakeout.
摘要翻译： 将熔融的金属倒入开放的顶部盆中，通过浇口与模具中的空腔或消耗模式相通以填充空腔并部分填充盆。 铸造金属通过连接浇道到腔体的浇口固化后，锥形传热构件被引入到盆中的熔融金属中。 冷却介质通过传热构件，从盆中的金属提取热量，并对金属铸件进行相应的冷却，从而在冷却前降低冷却时间。
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4.发明授权Aluminum-silicon alloy having reduced microporosity and method for casting the same 有权具有降低的微孔的铝硅合金及其铸造方法公开(公告)号：US07347905B1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-25
申请号：US11174764
申请日：2005-07-05
IPC分类号： C22C21/04
摘要： An aluminum-silicon lost foam casting alloy having reduced microporosity and a method for casting the same is herein disclosed. A preferred lost foam cast alloy consists essentially of 6 to 12% by weight silicon and preferably 9.0 to 9.5% by weight silicon, 0.035-0.30% strontium, 0.40% maximum iron, 0.45% maximum copper, 0.49% maximum manganese, 0.60% maximum magnesium, 3.0% maximum zinc, and the balance aluminum. Most preferably, the lost foam alloy is free from iron, titanium and boron. However, such elements may exist at trace levels. Most preferably, the alloy is lost foam cast with the process that applies at least 10 atmospheres of pressure during solidification. However, the range may be 5 to 60 atmospheres. The strontium addition is greater than 0.005% by weight and most preferably greater than 0.05% by weight. In accordance with the present disclosure, alloys having substantially decreased tensile liquid failure defects and substantially decreased surface puncture defects in comparison to conventional lost foam cast aluminum silicon alloys are obtained. Further, hydrogen porosity formation is substantially completely suppressed and surface porosity defects are substantially decreased in comparison to conventional lost foam silicon alloys when casting lost foam cast alloys in accordance with the claims of the instant disclosure. The instant disclosure further discloses aluminum silicon alloys that may be utilized in both the lost foam with pressure and the die casting processes.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了具有降低的微孔性的铝硅损失泡沫铸造合金及其铸造方法。 优选的失去泡沫铸造合金基本上由6-12重量％的硅组成，优选的是硅，9.0- 9.5重量％的硅，0.035-0.30％的锶，0.40％的最大铁，最大铜的0.45％，最大锰的0.49％，最大的0.60％ 镁，3.0％最大锌，余量为铝。 最优选地，失去的泡沫合金不含铁，钛和硼。 然而，这些元素可以以痕量水平存在。 最优选的是，合金是在熔化过程中至少施加至少10个大气压的过程而失去的泡沫铸造。 然而，该范围可以是5至60个大气压。 锶添加量大于0.005重量％，最优选大于0.05重量％。 根据本公开，获得了与常规的失去泡沫铸造铝硅合金相比，具有显着降低的拉伸液体破坏缺陷和显着降低的表面穿孔缺陷的合金。 此外，根据本公开的权利要求，当铸造失去泡沫的铸造合金时，与常规的失去泡沫硅合金相比，基本上完全抑制了氢气孔隙形成，并且表面孔隙率缺陷显着降低。 本公开进一步公开了可以用于压力失去的泡沫和压铸工艺中的铝硅合金。
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5.发明授权Aluminum-silicon casting alloy having refined primary silicon due to pressure 失效铝硅铸造合金由于压力而具有精炼的一次硅公开(公告)号：US07100669B1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-05
申请号：US10409798
申请日：2003-04-09
CPC分类号： B22C9/04 , B22D21/007 , B22D27/13
摘要： Provided herein is a method for refining primary silicon present in a hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy. The method contemplates the controlled application of pressure to refine the primary silicon during the casting of articles. The application of pressure decreases the primary silicon particle size to improve the machinability and wear resistance of the final cast articles.
摘要翻译： 本文提供了一种用于精炼存在于过共晶铝硅合金中的一次硅的方法。 该方法考虑了在铸造制品期间可控制地施加压力以细化一次硅。 施加压力降低了初级硅颗粒尺寸，以改善最终铸造制品的机械加工性和耐磨性。
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公开(公告)号：US06923935B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-02
申请号：US10429098
申请日：2003-05-02
摘要： A hypoeutectic aluminum silicon casting alloy having a refined primary silicon particle size and a modified iron morphology. The alloy includes 10 to 11.5% by weight silicon, 0.10 to 0.70% by weight magnesium and also contains 0.05 to 0.07% by weight strontium. On cooling from the solution temperature, the strontium serves to modify the silicon eutectic structure as well as create an iron phase morphology change. Such changes facilitate feeding through the aluminum interdendritic matrix. This, in turn, creates a finished die cast product with extremely low levels of microporosity defects. The alloy may be used to cast engine blocks for marine outboard and stern drive motors. Furthermore, when the magnesium levels are adjusted to approximately 0.10 to 0.20% by weight magnesium, propellers having a highly advantageous ductility may be obtained.
摘要翻译： 具有精制一次硅粒径和改性铁形态的亚共晶铝硅铸造合金。 该合金包括10〜11.5重量％的硅，0.10〜0.70重量％的镁，还含有0.05〜0.07重量％的锶。 在从溶液温度冷却时，锶用于改变硅共晶结构以及产生铁相形态变化。 这种变化有助于通过铝树枝状间质基体进料。 这又产生了具有极低水平的微孔缺陷的成品压铸产品。 该合金可用于铸造船用舷外驱动电机的发动机缸体。 此外，当将镁水平调节至约0.10至0.20重量％的镁时，可以获得具有高有利延展性的螺旋桨。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5518060A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US186684
申请日：1994-01-25
CPC分类号： B22C7/026
摘要： A method of producing polymeric foam patterns for use in evaporable foam casting. A positive three-dimensional model of the metal part to be cast is made by a layered prototyping process in which layers of sheet material are bonded in superimposed relation and the contour of the part to be cast is cut into each layer as it is applied to preceding layers to provide the model. A metal, such as copper, is then deposited on the working surface of the model to provide a rigid self-supporting shell having a surface which is the negative image of the part to be cast. The shell, after separation from the model, is then mounted in a die casting mold with the negative surface bordering a die cavity. Beads of a polymeric material, such as polystyrene, are introduced into the die cavity and heated to fuse the beads and provide a foam pattern which is identical in configuration to the metal part to be ultimately cast.
摘要翻译： 一种生产用于可蒸发泡沫铸塑的聚合物泡沫图案的方法。 要铸造的金属部件的正三维模型是通过分层原型制造工艺制成的，其中片材层被叠加地结合，并且待施加部件的轮廓被切割成每一层，因为它被应用于 以前的层提供模型。 然后将诸如铜的金属沉积在模型的工作表面上，以提供具有作为待铸造部件的负像的表面的刚性自支撑壳。 然后将壳体与模型分离，然后将其安装在具有与模腔相邻的负表面的压铸模具中。 将诸如聚苯乙烯的聚合物材料的珠子引入模腔中并加热以使珠熔合，并提供与最终铸造的金属部件相同构造的泡沫图案。
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8.发明授权Method of expendable pattern casting using sand with specific thermal properties 失效使用具有特定热性能的沙子的消耗模式铸造方法
公开(公告)号：US5355931A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-18
申请号：US119035
申请日：1993-09-09
摘要： A method of producing dimensionally predictable metal castings utilizing an expendable polymeric foam pattern along with unbonded sand having specific thermal properties. The pattern, formed of a material such as polystyrene, has a configuration corresponding to that of the article to be cast. The pattern is placed with an outer flask and unbonded sand surrounds the pattern as well as filling the cavities in the pattern. The sand has a linear expansion of less than 1% from 0.degree. C. to 1600.degree. C., a heat diffusivity greater than 1500 J/m.sup.2 /.degree.K/S1/2, an AFS grain fineness number of 25 to 33, and an AFS base permeability number of 450 to 500. A molten metal, such as an aluminum alloy or a ferrous alloy, is fed into the mold in contact with the pattern causing the pattern to vaporize with the vapor being entrapped within the interstices of the sand while the molten metal fills the space initially occupied by the foam pattern to produce a cast article. The physical properties of the sand enable articles to be cast having more precise and predictable tolerances.
摘要翻译： 使用消耗性聚合物泡沫图案以及具有特定热特性的未粘合砂制造尺寸可预测的金属铸件的方法。 由诸如聚苯乙烯的材料形成的图案具有对应于待铸造制品的构型。 将图案放置在外部烧瓶中，并且未粘合的砂围绕图案以及以图案填充空腔。 砂从0℃到1600℃的线膨胀小于1％，热扩散系数大于1500J / m 2 /°K / S1 / 2，AFS颗粒细度为25〜33， AFS基础渗透性数值为450至500.将诸如铝合金或铁合金的熔融金属与图案接触地进料到模具中，导致图案蒸发，蒸汽被捕获在砂的空隙内 而熔融金属填充最初由泡沫图案占据的空间以产生铸造制品。 砂的物理性能使得能够铸造的制品具有更精确和可预测的公差。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5165464A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US767260
申请日：1991-09-27
CPC分类号： B22D17/24 , B22D21/007 , B22D29/002
摘要： A method of high pressure casting of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys using a salt core to form wear resistant articles, such as engine blocks. To produce an engine block, one or more solid salt cores are positioned within a metal mold with the space between the cores and the mold defining a die cavity. A molten hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy containing more than 12% silicon is fed into the die cavity and on solidification of the molten alloy, precipitated silicon crystals are formed, which are distributed throughout the wall thickness of the cast part and also on the surface bordering the salt cores which constitute the cylinder bores in the cast block. The salt cores are subsequently removed from the cast block by contact with a solvent such as water.
摘要翻译： 使用盐芯高过渡共晶铝硅合金的高压铸造方法来形成诸如发动机块的耐磨制品。 为了产生发动机缸体，一个或多个固体盐芯位于金属模具内，其中芯和模具之间的空间限定模腔。 将含有12％以上硅的熔融过共晶铝硅合金进料到模腔中，并在熔融合金凝固时形成析出的硅晶体，其分布在铸件的壁厚以及边界面 构成缸体的盐芯在铸块中钻孔。 盐芯随后通过与溶剂如水接触而从铸块中除去。
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公开(公告)号：US4875985A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-24
申请号：US258035
申请日：1988-10-14
CPC分类号： C22B34/1263 , C22B4/005 , C22B9/226
摘要： A method of producing titanium. A quantity of titanium is heated in a crucible to provide a melt, and a layer of slag, containing an ionizable titanium compound, such as titanium dioxide, along with ionizable slag constituents, is disposed on the top of the melt. The slag is then heated to a molten state by direct current plasma arc heating with the melt being anodic. After the slag is molten, the polarity of the plasma arc heating is reversed so that the melt is cathodic, causing the slag to act as an electron transfer layer so that the titanium dioxide of the slag is reduced to titanium and any dissolved oxygen in the melt is converted to an ionic species of oxygen at the interface between the slag and the melt. The resulting liquid titanium is combined with the melt, while the ionic species of oxygen is carried upwardly through the slag and released from the slag layer by an oxidation process. Additional quantities of titanium dioxide can be added to the slag to continually convert the titanium dioxide to titanium under the reverse polarity plasma arc heating.
摘要翻译： 钛的制造方法。 在坩埚中加热一定数量的钛以提供熔体，并且在熔体的顶部设置包含可电离的钛化合物（例如二氧化钛）以及可离子化的炉渣成分的炉渣层。 然后通过直接等离子体电弧加热将炉渣加热至熔融状态，熔体是阳极的。 炉渣熔化后，等离子体电弧加热的极性反转，使得熔体呈阴极，从而使炉渣作为电子转移层，从而将炉渣的二氧化钛还原为钛，并将其中的溶解氧 熔体在炉渣和熔体之间的界面转化为氧离子。 所得到的液体钛与熔体结合，而氧的离子物质向上运送通过炉渣并通过氧化过程从渣层释放。 可以向渣中加入额外量的二氧化钛，以在反极性等离子体电弧加热下将二氧化钛连续地转化为钛。
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