摘要:
A method of roughening metal surfaces of a workpiece such as a cylinder bore of an internal combustion engine to improve the adhesion of layers thermally sprayed thereon. Uniform grooves are formed in the surface and ridges are arranged between the grooves. The grooves may be formed by a process such as turning, drilling, milling or rolling. The ridges are plastically deformed in order to form undercuts in the grooves, with the degree of plastic deformation of the ridges varying regularly in the longitudinal direction of the grooves. Local deformations are produced in the ridge, and these bring about regular undercuts in the groove. This makes it possible to produce the undercuts in identical dimensions with little effort. Furthermore, since the groove is now not completely constricted by undercuts, it can be filled more effectively with spraying material.
摘要:
The systems and methods of the invention utilize time-resolved techniques to deconvolve a measured response to characterize the nature of particles. The measured response is deconvolved into a scatter component and a fluorescence component. The fluorescence component is further characterized into biological and non-biological components. Probability techniques are utilized to predict whether the particles are biological or non-biological.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a curved glass/plastic laminate sheet for lightweight automotive glazing is disclosed. A flat laminate is build up with two thin glass layers, one inner and one outer, and a thick middle layer of thermoplastic. The flat laminate is heated to a plasticity temperature of the thermoplastic and it may be fit into a mould so that bending occurs mainly due to plastic transverse shear deformation of the plastic layer. Glass bending is limited to elastic bending of the single glass layers. Residual bending stresses in the glass layers are avoided by preferably incorporating pre-bending stresses in the flat glass layers. Strengthening of the final glass layers is achieved by incorporating compression stresses on the bent pane through heat treatment and having different thermal expansion coefficients of glass and plastic.
摘要:
A method of roughening metal surfaces of a workpiece such as a cylinder bore of an internal combustion engine to improve the adhesion of layers thermally sprayed thereon. Uniform grooves are formed in the surface and ridges are arranged between the grooves. The grooves may be formed by a process such as turning, drilling, milling or rolling. The ridges are plastically deformed in order to form undercuts in the grooves, with the degree of plastic deformation of the ridges varying regularly in the longitudinal direction of the grooves. Local deformations are produced in the ridge, and these bring about regular undercuts in the groove. This makes it possible to produce the undercuts in identical dimensions with little effort. Furthermore, since the groove is now not completely constricted by undercuts, it can be filled more effectively with spraying material.
摘要:
A motor vehicle body has an underbody and a wheelhouse at an outboard edge of the underbody, and a longitudinal member beneath the underbody and adjacent to the wheelhouse, the wheelhouse having an inboard surface spaced outboard from the longitudinal member, and a reinforcement extending between and secured to the inboard surface and the longitudinal member. The reinforcement increases the torsional stiffness of the body in the vicinity of the wheelhouse without intruding into the interior of the vehicle.