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公开(公告)号：US06314720B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09490290
申请日：2000-01-19
IPC分类号： F02K900
CPC分类号： F02K9/62 , F02K9/974 , F05D2230/90 , F05D2300/2118 , F05D2300/611 , Y10T29/49346
摘要： A coating with the ability to protect (1) the inside wall (i.e., lining) of a rocket engine combustion chamber and (2) parts of other apparatuses that utilize or are exposed to combustive or high-temperature environments. The novelty of this invention lies in the manner a protective coating is embedded into the lining.
摘要翻译： 具有保护（1）火箭发动机燃烧室的内壁（即，衬里）的能力的涂层和（2）利用或暴露于可燃或高温环境的其它设备的部分。 本发明的新颖性在于保护性涂层嵌入衬里的方式。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6057011A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-02
申请号：US62788
申请日：1998-04-16
CPC分类号： F27D5/0068 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/18 , Y10T428/131 , Y10T428/1317
摘要： A high temperature and highly corrosive resistant structure and method of fabricating the structure. In one embodiment of the present invention, vacuum plasma spray or other materials deposition techniques are used to fabricate the structure on a removable support member in the form of a gradient or composite structure that sequentially consists of a 100% ceramic interior layer, a first transition layer of ceramic/refractory metal, a layer of 100% refractory metal, a second transition layer of ceramic/refractory metal, and an outer layer of 100% ceramic material. In a second embodiment, the ceramic/refractory metal/ceramic cartridge is formed without transition layers between the ceramic and metal layers. In another embodiment of the invention the structure is fabricated on a removable support member by depositing an outer layer of ceramic material on a refractory metal. No transition layers of ceramic material/refractory metals are used. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the structure is fabricated on a removable support member by vacuum plasma spraying only a refractory metal on the removable support member which has a layer of a corrosion/oxidation preventative coating thereon which has been applied to the support member by vacuum plasma spraying or other material deposition technique.
摘要翻译： 高温高抗腐蚀结构及其制造方法。 在本发明的一个实施例中，使用真空等离子体喷涂或其它材料沉积技术来制造梯度或复合结构形式的可移除支撑构件上的结构，其顺序由100％陶瓷内层，第一过渡层 陶瓷/难熔金属层，100％耐火金属层，陶瓷/难熔金属的第二过渡层和100％陶瓷材料的外层。 在第二实施例中，陶瓷/难熔金属/陶瓷盒在陶瓷和金属层之间形成有过渡层。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，通过在难熔金属上沉积陶瓷材料的外层，在可移除的支撑构件上制造结构。 不使用陶瓷材料/难熔金属的过渡层。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，通过真空等离子体喷涂结构在可移除的支撑构件上，仅将难熔金属涂覆在可移除的支撑构件上，该可移除的支撑构件上已经涂覆有一层腐蚀/氧化防止涂层， 成员通过真空等离子喷涂或其他材料沉积技术。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5773104A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US748573
申请日：1996-11-13
CPC分类号： F27D5/0068 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/18 , Y10T428/131 , Y10T428/1317
摘要： A high temperature and highly corrosive resistant structure and method of fabricating the structure. In one embodiment of the present invention, vacuum plasma spray or other materials deposition techniques are used to fabricate the structure on a removable support member in the form of a gradient or composite structure that sequentially consists of a 100% ceramic interior layer, a first transition layer of ceramic/refractory metal, a layer of 100% refractory metal, a second transition layer of ceramic/refractory metal, and an outer layer of 100% ceramic material. In a second embodiment, the ceramic/refractory metal/ceramic cartridge is formed without transition layers between the ceramic and metal layers. In another embodiment of the invention the structure is fabricated on a removable support member by depositing an outer layer of ceramic material on a refractory metal. No transition layers of ceramic material/refractory metals are used. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the structure is fabricated on a removable support member by vacuum plasma spraying only a refractory metal on the removable support member which has a layer of a corrosion/oxidation preventative coating thereon which has been applied to the support member by vacuum plasma spraying or other material deposition technique.
摘要翻译： 高温高抗腐蚀结构及其制造方法。 在本发明的一个实施例中，使用真空等离子体喷涂或其它材料沉积技术来制造梯度或复合结构形式的可移除支撑构件上的结构，其顺序由100％陶瓷内层，第一过渡层 陶瓷/难熔金属层，100％耐火金属层，陶瓷/难熔金属的第二过渡层和100％陶瓷材料的外层。 在第二实施例中，陶瓷/难熔金属/陶瓷盒在陶瓷和金属层之间形成有过渡层。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，通过在难熔金属上沉积陶瓷材料的外层，在可移除的支撑构件上制造结构。 不使用陶瓷材料/难熔金属的过渡层。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，通过真空等离子体喷涂结构在可移除的支撑构件上，仅将难熔金属涂覆在可移除的支撑构件上，该可移除的支撑构件上已经涂覆有一层腐蚀/氧化防止涂层， 成员通过真空等离子喷涂或其他材料沉积技术。
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公开(公告)号：US5573682A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-12
申请号：US426621
申请日：1995-04-20
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3478 , H05H2001/3484
摘要： An improved nozzle for reducing overspray in high temperature supersonic plasma spray devices comprises a body defining an internal passageway having an upstream end and a downstream end through which a selected plasma gas is directed. The nozzle passageway has a generally converging/diverging Laval shape with its upstream end converging to a throat section and its downstream end diverging from the throat section. The upstream end of the passageway is configured to accommodate a high current cathode for producing an electrical arc in the passageway to heat and ionize the gas flow to plasma form as it moves along the passageway. The downstream end of the nozzle is uniquely configured through the methodology of this invention to have a contoured bell-shape that diverges from the throat to the exit of the nozzle. Coating material in powder form is injected into the plasma flow in the region of the bell-shaped downstream end of the nozzle and the powder particles become entrained in the flow. The unique bell shape of the nozzle downstream end produces a plasma spray that is ideally expanded at the nozzle exit and thus virtually free of shock phenomena, and that is highly collimated so as to exhibit significantly reduced fanning and diffusion between the nozzle and the target. The overall result is a significant reduction in the amount of material escaping from the plasma stream in the form of overspray and a corresponding improvement in the cost of the coating operation and in the quality and integrity of the coating itself.
摘要翻译： 用于减少高温超音速等离子体喷射装置中的过喷的改进的喷嘴包括限定具有上游端和下游端的内部通道的主体，所述等离子体气体被引导通过该上游端和下游端。 喷嘴通道具有大致会聚/发散的拉瓦尔形状，其上游端会聚到喉部，其下游端从喉部分开。 通道的上游端构造成容纳高电流阴极，用于在通道中产生电弧，以便当气流沿着通道移动时将气流加热并离子化为等离子体形式。 喷嘴的下游端通过本发明的方法被独特地构造成具有从喉部分散到喷嘴出口的波形钟形。 粉末形式的涂料在喷嘴的钟形下游端区域注入等离子体流中，粉末颗粒被夹带在流动中。 喷嘴下游端的独特钟形产生等离子体喷雾，其理想地在喷嘴出口处膨胀，因此实际上没有冲击现象，并且高度准直，从而显示出喷嘴和靶之间显着减少的扇形和扩散。 总体结果是以过喷的形式从等离子体流中逸出的材料的量的显着减少以及涂层操作的成本以及涂层本身的质量和完整性的相应改进。
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公开(公告)号：US5249357A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US9908
申请日：1993-01-27
申请人： Richard R. Holmes , Timothy N. McKechnie , Christopher A. Power , Ronald L. Daniel, Jr. , Robert M. Saxelby
发明人： Richard R. Holmes , Timothy N. McKechnie , Christopher A. Power , Ronald L. Daniel, Jr. , Robert M. Saxelby
CPC分类号： B23P15/008 , C23C4/134 , F02K9/64 , Y10T29/49346
摘要： A process for making a combustion chamber for a rocket engine wherein a copper alloy in particle form is injected into a stream of heated carrier gas in plasma form which is then projected onto the inner surface of a hollow metal jacket having the configuration of a rocket engine combustion chamber. The particles are in the plasma stream for a sufficient length of time to heat the particles to a temperature such that the particles will flatten and adhere to previously deposited particles but will not spatter or vaporize. After a layer is formed, cooling channels are cut in the layer, than the channels are filled with a temporary filler and another layer of particles is deposited.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造用于火箭发动机的燃烧室的方法，其中将颗粒形式的铜合金注入到等离子体形式的加热载气流中，然后将其投影到具有火箭发动机构型的中空金属护套的内表面上 燃烧室。 颗粒在等离子体流中足够长的时间以将颗粒加热到使得颗粒变平并粘附到先前沉积的颗粒但不会飞溅或蒸发的温度。 在形成层之后，在层中切割冷却通道，而不是用临时填料填充通道，并沉积另一层颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US07615097B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-10
申请号：US11544338
申请日：2006-10-06
IPC分类号： B22F9/14
CPC分类号： B01J2/02 , B01J2/006 , C23C16/513 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： Ultra fine and nanometer powders and a method of producing same are provided, preferably refractory metal and ceramic nanopowders. When certain precursors are injected into the plasma flame in a reactor chamber, the materials are heated, melted and vaporized and the chemical reaction is induced in the vapor phase. The vapor phase is quenched rapidly to solid phase to yield the ultra pure, ultra fine and nano product. With this technique, powders have been made 20 nanometers in size in a system capable of a bulk production rate of more than 10 lbs/hr. The process is particularly applicable to tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide and other related materials.
摘要翻译： 提供超细和纳米粉末及其制备方法，优选难熔金属和陶瓷纳米粉末。 当某些前体在反应器室中注入到等离子火焰中时，材料被加热，熔化和蒸发，并且在气相中诱导化学反应。 将气相快速淬灭至固相，得到超纯超细纳米产品。 利用这种技术，在能够大于10磅/小时的批量生产率的系统中，粉末已经被制成20纳米尺寸。 该工艺特别适用于钨，钼，铼，碳化钨，碳化钼等相关材料。
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