公开(公告)号：US20060006145A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-12

申请号：US11152257

申请日：2005-06-15

申请人： Tudor Baiatu

发明人： Tudor Baiatu

IPC分类号： H01H33/02

CPC分类号： H01H9/42 ,  H01H9/44

摘要： The present invention specifies an arc quenching device having improved current limitation and reduced heat losses, in the case of which a moving contact piece (31) is not subject to increased erosion and wear. For this purpose, a quenching path according to the invention is provided which takes over an arc from said contact piece (31) and comprises arc guide rails (61), a quenching chamber (71) and a current-limiting element (8). Based on circuit breakers with double interruption, the current-limiting element (8) is preferably provided between arc guide rails (62, 52) of a second contact point and provided with a blowing section (81) for additional magnetic blowing of the arc of the first contact point.

摘要翻译： 本发明规定了一种具有改善的电流限制和减少的热损失的电弧淬火装置，在这种情况下，移动接触件（31）不会增加侵蚀和磨损。 为此，提供根据本发明的淬火路径，其从所述接触片（31）接收电弧并且包括弧形导轨（61），淬火室（71）和限流元件（8）。 基于具有双重中断的断路器，限流元件（8）优选地设置在第二接触点的弧形导轨（62,52）之间，并且设置有用于额外的磁鼓风的吹风部分（81） 第一个接触点。

公开(公告)号：US07220933B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-22

申请号：US11152257

申请日：2005-06-15

申请人： Tudor Baiatu

发明人： Tudor Baiatu

IPC分类号： H01H33/20

CPC分类号： H01H9/42 ,  H01H9/44

摘要： The present invention specifies an arc quenching device having improved current limitation and reduced heat losses, in the case of which a moving contact piece (31) is not subject to increased erosion and wear. For this purpose, a quenching path according to the invention is provided which takes over an arc from said contact piece (31) and comprises arc guide rails (61), a quenching chamber (71) and a current-limiting element (8). Based on circuit breakers with double interruption, the current-limiting element (8) is preferably provided between arc guide rails (62, 52) of a second contact point and provided with a blowing section (81) for additional magnetic blowing of the arc of the first contact point.

摘要翻译： 本发明规定了一种具有改善的电流限制和减少的热损失的电弧淬火装置，在这种情况下，移动接触件（31）不会增加侵蚀和磨损。 为此，提供根据本发明的淬火路径，其从所述接触片（31）接收电弧并且包括弧形导轨（61），淬火室（71）和限流元件（8）。 基于具有双重中断的断路器，限流元件（8）优选地设置在第二接触点的弧形导轨（62,52）之间，并且设置有用于额外的磁鼓风的吹风部分（81） 第一个接触点。

公开(公告)号：US5602520A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-11

申请号：US291903

申请日：1994-08-18

申请人： Tudor Baiatu ,  Felix Greuter ,  Ralf Strumpler

发明人： Tudor Baiatu ,  Felix Greuter ,  Ralf Strumpler

IPC分类号： H01C7/02 ,  H01C7/13 ,  H02H9/02 ,  H01C7/10

CPC分类号： H01C7/027 ,  H01C7/13

摘要： The electrical resistance element (10) includes a resistance body (3), which is arranged between two plane-parallel, pressurized electrodes (1, 2), has PTC behavior and comprises a polymer matrix and two filler components of electrically conducting particles embedded into the polymer matrix (4).When a short-circuit current occurs, the resistivity of the resistance body (3) changes abruptly above a temperature limit value in a surface layer resting on the electrodes and containing at least a first of the two filler components. A second of the two filler components is selected such that a composite material containing at least the polymer matrix and the second filler component has PTC behavior, with an abruptly changing behavior greater by at least one order of magnitude in comparison with the surface layer. At the same time, this composite material has a resistivity which is lower by at least one order of magnitude than a composite material formed by the polymer matrix and the first filler component.The resistance element has a high nominal current carrying capacity and can limit large short-circuit currents permanently.

摘要翻译： 电阻元件（10）包括布置在两个平行平行的加压电极（1,2）之间的电阻体（3），具有PTC特性，并且包括聚合物基体和两个嵌入到导电颗粒中的填充组分 聚合物基体（4）。 当发生短路电流时，电阻体（3）的电阻率突然高于放置在电极上的表层中的温度极限值，并且至少包含两个填料组分中的第一个。 选择两个填料组分中的第二个，使得至少含有聚合物基质和第二填料组分的复合材料具有PTC行为，与表面层相比，其突变变化行为大至少一个数量级。 同时，该复合材料的电阻率比由聚合物基体和第一填料组分形成的复合材料低至少一个数量级。 电阻元件具有很高的额定电流承载能力，可以永久地限制大的短路电流。

公开(公告)号：USD659090S1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-08

申请号：US29403780

申请日：2011-10-11

申请人： Harm deRoo ,  Tudor Baiatu

设计人： Harm deRoo ,  Tudor Baiatu

公开(公告)号：US06166619A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US746619

申请日：1996-11-12

申请人： Tudor Baiatu ,  Peter Etter ,  Reinhard Fried ,  Hans-Jurg Wiesmann

发明人： Tudor Baiatu ,  Peter Etter ,  Reinhard Fried ,  Hans-Jurg Wiesmann

IPC分类号： H01C13/02 ,  H01C1/08 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H01C7/12 ,  H02H9/02 ,  H02M9/02 ,  H01L3/02

CPC分类号： H01C7/12 ,  H01C1/08

摘要： Current limiters, preferably PTC resistors, are used for limiting short-circuit current when connected in series to capacitors and converter valves. Protective devices operating with these PTC resistors are able to work reversibly and respond without arcing. They have a low inductance and can be used in space-saving designs. Protective circuits with such PTC resistors have a low loss, are shake-proof, and can be integrated into an existing cooling circuit. They respond autonomously and enable a flexible application. The PTC resistors preferably are constructed in a meander shape of porous metal foam or a metal braid or fabric and have electrical contact bridges between their resistor tracks. At least 2 resistor tracks that are electrically connected in parallel are arranged at a small distance on top of each other in such a way that partial currents (I1, I2) flow in opposite directions through resistor branches in superposed track areas formed in this manner. The resistor tracks can also be arranged in grooves of a cooling body or may have a circular shape. A compensation resistor for compensating uncompensated marginal areas of these resistor tracks can be provided in serial connection to meander-shaped, parallel connected resistor tracks.

摘要翻译： 电流限制器，优选PTC电阻器，用于限制与电容器和转换器阀串联连接时的短路电流。 使用这些PTC电阻工作的保护装置能够可逆地工作并在没有电弧的情况下进行响应。 它们具有低电感，可用于节省空间的设计。 具有这种PTC电阻器的保护电路具有低损耗，是防抖动的，并且可以集成到现有的冷却回路中。 他们自主地回应并实现灵活的应用。 PTC电阻器优选地构造成多孔金属泡沫或金属编织物或织物的曲折形状，并且在它们的电阻轨道之间具有电接触桥。 并联电连接的至少2个电阻轨道彼此之间以较小的距离布置，使得部分电流（I1，I2）以相反的方向通过以这种方式形成的重叠轨道区域中的电阻器分支流动。 电阻器轨迹也可以布置在冷却体的凹槽中，或者可以具有圆形形状。 用于补偿这些电阻轨道的未补偿边缘区域的补偿电阻可以串联连接到曲折形并联的电阻轨道。

公开(公告)号：US6094129A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-25

申请号：US895041

申请日：1997-07-16

申请人： Tudor Baiatu

发明人： Tudor Baiatu

IPC分类号： H01C1/08 ,  H01C1/082 ,  H01C7/02 ,  H02H9/02 ,  H01C7/10

CPC分类号： H02H9/026 ,  H01C1/08 ,  H01C1/082 ,  H01C7/02

摘要： PTC thermistors are used in reversible short circuit current limiters, in particular in series connection with electrical valves and/or capacitors. An electrically insulated, thermally conductive insulation or ceramic layer (20) is in contact electrically and with good thermal conduction via a first main surface with a metallic cooling element (25). A second main surface of the ceramic layer (20), opposite the first main surface, is covered with an electrically insulating thermal-conduction layer (21) having a thickness in the range from 10 .mu.m-100 .mu.m. Meandering tracks (16) of the resistive body of the PTC thermistor (5) are pressed between this thermal conduction layer (21) and an electrically insulating, preferably thermally conductive, flexible high-temperature stable polymer film (22). In order to provide pressure, a pressure compensation cushion (23) on which a force (F) orthogonal to the second main surface of the ceramic layer (20) acts, may be provided. The pressure compensation cushion (23) is filled with a dielectric or electrically conductive fluid (24) having a boiling temperature above preferably 150.degree. C. The resistive track (16) may also be embedded in a filled polymer matrix, it being possible for geometrically congruent resistive tracks to be opposite on a ceramic layer.

摘要翻译： PTC热敏电阻用于可逆短路限流器，特别是与电动阀门和/或电容器串联连接。 电绝缘的导热绝缘或陶瓷层（20）通过具有金属冷却元件（25）的第一主表面电接触并具有良好的热传导。 与第一主表面相对的陶瓷层（20）的第二主表面覆盖有厚度在10〜100μm的电绝缘导热层（21）。 PTC热敏电阻（5）的电阻体的曲折轨迹（16）被压在该导热层（21）和电绝缘的，优选导热的柔性高温稳定聚合物膜（22）之间。 为了提供压力，可以提供与陶瓷层（20）的第二主表面正交的力（F）作用在其上的压力补偿衬垫（23）。 压力补偿衬垫（23）用沸腾温度高于150℃的电介质或导电流体（24）填充。电阻轨道（16）也可以嵌入填充的聚合物基质中，可以在几何学上 一致的电阻轨道在陶瓷层上相反。

公开(公告)号：US5796568A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-18

申请号：US822208

申请日：1997-03-20

申请人： Tudor Baiatu

发明人： Tudor Baiatu

IPC分类号： H01C1/08 ,  H01C3/12 ,  H02H7/12 ,  H02H9/02 ,  H02M7/487 ,  H02H5/04

CPC分类号： H01C1/08 ,  H01C3/12 ,  H02H7/1216 ,  H02H9/02 ,  H02M7/487

摘要： A reversible short circuit current limiter which has at least one PTC thermistor connected in parallel with a shunt impedance branch, and is connected in series with at least one capacitor or a capacitor bank of the DC intermediate circuit. The short circuit current limiter may be arranged in the DC intermediate circuit or in the current convertor. A diode may be connected in the reverse-bias direction of a short circuit path in parallel with the PTC thermistor. The shunt impedance branch has a varistor connected in series with an ohmic resistor or a PTC thermistor and, if appropriate, an inductor. Structures of metal-based nonblocking PTC thermistors are specified.

摘要翻译： 一种可逆短路限流器，其具有与分流阻抗支路并联的至少一个PTC热敏电阻，并且与DC中间电路的至少一个电容器或电容器组串联连接。 短路限流器可以布置在DC中间电路或电流转换器中。 二极管可以在与PTC热敏电阻并联的短路路径的反向偏压方向上连接。 并联阻抗支路具有与欧姆电阻或PTC热敏电阻串联连接的变阻器，如果合适，则连接一个电感器。 规定了基于金属的非阻塞PTC热敏电阻的结构。