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公开(公告)号：US4272362A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-09
申请号：US117610
申请日：1980-02-01
CPC分类号： C10G67/04
摘要： Oxygen compounds are removed, e.g., by solvent extraction, from a shale oil prior to its hydrogenation. As a result, the amount of hydrogen consumed during subsequent hydrogenation to achieve a given level of nitrogen for the shale oil is less than that which would occur if the oxygen compounds were not removed from the shale oil. Removal of the nitrogen is necessary to avoid adverse effects on subsequent shale oil processing steps such as catalytic cracking.
摘要翻译： 在氢化之前，从页岩油中除去氧化合物，例如通过溶剂萃取。 结果，在后续氢化期间为达到页岩油的给定水平的氮气所消耗的氢的量小于如果氧化合物未从页岩油中除去的氢气的量。 需要去除氮气以避免对后续页岩油加工步骤（例如催化裂化）的不利影响。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4353792A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-12
申请号：US117596
申请日：1980-02-01
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/06 , C10G45/08 , C10G67/02 , C10G67/04 , C10G67/10 , C10G17/00 , B07B1/34 , C10G45/00
摘要： Oxygen compounds are removed, e.g., by extraction, from a coal liquid prior to its hydrogenation. As a result, compared to hydrogenation of such a non-treated coal liquid, the rate of nitrogen removal is increased.
摘要翻译： 在氢化之前，将氧化合物例如通过萃取从煤液中除去。 结果，与这种未处理煤液的氢化相比，除氮速率增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4229612A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-21
申请号：US7112
申请日：1979-01-29
申请人： Lewis W. Hall, Jr. , David L. Kerr , Elmer J. Hollstein , Harry K. Myers, Jr. , Abraham Schneider
发明人： Lewis W. Hall, Jr. , David L. Kerr , Elmer J. Hollstein , Harry K. Myers, Jr. , Abraham Schneider
摘要： The removal of color bodies from an olefinic or saturated endo-endo hexacyclic homodimer of norbornadiene or mixtures thereof is accomplished by the use of a serpentine clay. Also acid bentonite clay or a montmorillonite clay can be used to remove the color bodies from the saturated dimer. The saturated dimer has a high density and a high heat of combustion making it useful as a missile fuel. Removal of the color bodies avoids possible catalyst poisoning in the hydrogenation of the olefinic to the saturated dimer. Also removal of the color bodies from the saturated dimer eliminates the possible problem of a material precipitating out on engine turbine blades and causing maintenance or operational problems.
摘要翻译： 通过使用蛇纹石粘土来实现从降冰片二烯的烯属或饱和内六角六环同系二聚体或其混合物中去除着色体。 酸性膨润土或蒙脱石粘土也可用于从饱和二聚体中除去颜色体。 饱和二聚体具有高密度和高的燃烧热，使其可用作导弹燃料。 去除颜色体可以避免在烯烃氢化成饱和二聚体时催化剂中毒。 从饱和二聚体中去除颜色体也消除了在发动机涡轮叶片上析出物质并导致维护或操作问题的可能问题。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4086286A
公开(公告)日：1978-04-25
申请号：US720306
申请日：1976-09-03
CPC分类号： C07C5/2253 , C07C2103/68 , C07C2103/91 , C07C2527/126 , Y10S585/905
摘要： Mixed tetrahydropolycyclopentadienes are isomerized in the presence of anhydrous aluminum trichloride to form an additive suitable for use with a high energy missile fuel. The amount of aluminum trichloride present is such that the weight ratio of trichloride to the tetrahydropolydiene is in the range between from about 0.005 to about 0.75. Also the isomerization involves an inert solvent and is at a temperature between from about -20.degree. C to about 25.degree. C. Also anhydrous hydrogen chloride is present to facilitate the isomerization.
摘要翻译： 混合的四氢聚环戊二烯在无水三氯化铝存在下异构化，形成适用于高能导弹燃料的添加剂。 存在的三氯化铝的量使得三氯化物与四氢聚二烯的重量比在约0.005至约0.75的范围内。 异构化还涉及惰性溶剂，并且在约-20℃至约25℃之间的温度下。还存在无水氯化氢以促进异构化。
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公开(公告)号：US08969641B1
公开(公告)日：2015-03-03
申请号：US05720308
申请日：1976-09-03
IPC分类号： C07C5/22
CPC分类号： C07C5/2253 , C07C2527/11 , C07C2527/126 , C07C2603/91 , C10G45/60 , C10G2300/1088 , C10G2300/42 , C10G2400/08 , C10G2400/22 , C07C13/64
摘要： Tetrahydrotricyclopentadienes are isomerized to a low pour point, high energy missile fuel. Aluminum trichloride is the catalyst and an inert chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent is present. The mole ratio of AlCl3 to the diene is in the range between from about 0.005 to about 1.0. The isomerization temperature is in the range from between about −20° C. to about 25° C.
摘要翻译： 四氢三环戊二烯异构化为低倾点，高能导弹燃料。 三氯化铝是催化剂，存在惰性氯化烃溶剂。 AlCl 3与二烯的摩尔比在约0.005至约1.0的范围内。 异构化温度在约-20℃至约25℃的范围内
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公开(公告)号：US4288644A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-08
申请号：US105169
申请日：1979-12-19
CPC分类号： C07C5/226 , C07C2103/68 , C07C2521/14 , C07C2521/16 , C07C2521/18 , C07C2523/44 , C07C2523/755 , C07C2523/89
摘要： Tetrahydrodimethyldicyclopentadiene is catalytically isomerized to a liquid isomeric mixture having a suitable low temperature viscosity making it suitable as a missile fuel. The catalyst comprises an acidic alumina. Hydrogen is also present and in an amount sufficient to maintain the isomerization activity of the alumina. The elevated temperature is sufficient to cause isomerization.
摘要翻译： 四氢二甲基二环戊二烯催化异构化为具有合适的低温粘度的液体异构体混合物，使其适合作为导弹燃料。 催化剂包含酸性氧化铝。 氢还存在并且其量足以保持氧化铝的异构化活性。 升高的温度足以引起异构化。
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7.发明授权Continuous process for conversion of dimethyldicyclopentadiene to endo-dimethyldicyclopentadiene, a missile fuel 失效将二甲基二环戊二烯转化为内向二甲基二环戊二烯的连续方法，即导弹燃料
公开(公告)号：US4177217A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-04
申请号：US837127
申请日：1977-09-28
CPC分类号： C07C13/61 , C07C5/03 , C07C5/226 , C07C2103/68 , C07C2521/12 , C07C2523/755
摘要： Dimethyldicyclopentadiene is continuously hydrogenated to tetrahydrodimethyldicyclopentadiene and then the latter is continuously isomerized to a missile fuel. Both the hydrogenation and the isomerization steps use a nickel on silica-alumina catalyst. The temperature of the hydrogenation is in the range of about 70.degree.-260.degree. C., and the temperature of the isomerization is in the range of about 200.degree.-280.degree. C. The space velocity of the hydrogenation is about 0.1 to about 2.0 volumes of the diene charged per volume of catalyst per hour and the space velocity of the isomerization is about 0.1 to about 3.0 volumes of the hydrocarbon charged per volume of catalyst per hour. The pressure range for hydrogenation is between about 200 psig to about 3000 psig and for isomerization between from about 10 psig to about 1500 psig. Hydrogen is present during the isomerization.
摘要翻译： 二甲基二环戊二烯连续氢化成四氢二甲基二环戊二烯，然后将其连续异构化为导弹燃料。 氢化和异构化步骤都使用二氧化硅 - 氧化铝催化剂上的镍。 氢化温度在约70℃-260℃的范围内，异构化温度在约200℃-280℃的范围内。氢化的空间速度为约0.1至约2.0 每体积催化剂每小时加入的二烯体积和异构化的空间速度为每小时体积催化剂加入的烃的约0.1至约3.0体积。 氢化的压力范围为约200psig至约3000psig，异构化为约10psig至约1500psig。 在异构化期间存在氢。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4086284A
公开(公告)日：1978-04-25
申请号：US720307
申请日：1976-09-03
CPC分类号： C07C5/2253 , C07C2103/68 , C07C2527/126 , Y10S585/905
摘要： Endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is isomerized to its exo-isomer in the presence of aluminum trichloride at a temperature in the range between from about -.degree. C to about 90.degree. C. The mole ratio of AlCl.sub.3 to the tetrahydrodiene is in the range between from about 0.001 to about 0.75. An inert solvent may also be used. The very facile isomerization is essentially quantitative. The exoisomer has utility as a relatively high BTU/gallon, viscosity-lowering difluent for a missile fuel.
摘要翻译： 内酯 - 四氢二环戊二烯在三氯化铝的存在下在约-90℃至约90℃的温度范围内异构化为其外异构体.AlCl 3与四氢二烯的摩尔比在约0.001 至约0.75。 也可以使用惰性溶剂。 非常容易的异构化基本上是定量的。 外来者具有用于导弹燃料的相对较高的BTU /加仑，降粘降水的效用。
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公开(公告)号：US4064180A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-20
申请号：US578308
申请日：1975-05-16
IPC分类号： C07C43/18
CPC分类号： C07C43/18 , Y10S149/12
摘要： Ionic alcoholysis of Binor-S, a C.sub.14 heptacyclic, saturated hydrocarbon, in the presence of a primary alcohol and hydrogen, yields a low melting point product containing novel alkyl ethers of Binor-S. Alcoholysis occurs at about 50.degree.-300.degree. C. and at about 100-10,000 p.s.i.g. in the presence of Raney nickel, palladium-on-carbon or palladium-on-alumina catalyst promoted by a hydrogen halide or its equivalent. Resulting product has utility as a high energy fuel.
摘要翻译： 在伯醇和氢存在下，Binor-S，C14七环饱和烃的离子醇解产生含有Binor-S的新烷基醚的低熔点产物。 醇解发生在约50-300℃和约100-10,000p.s.g. 在由卤化氢或其等同物促进的阮内镍，钯 - 碳或钯 - 氧化铝催化剂存在下进行。 所得产品具有高能燃料的效用。
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公开(公告)号：US4033799A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-05
申请号：US578070
申请日：1975-05-16
CPC分类号： C06B49/00 , C07C5/13 , C07C2521/04 , C07C2521/18 , C07C2523/44 , C07C2525/02 , Y10S149/12
摘要： Ionic hydrogenolysis of Binor-S, a C.sub.14 heptacyclic saturated hydrocarbon, yields a low melting point product containing predominantly hexacyclics and lesser amounts of pentacyclics. Hydrogenolysis occurs at about 50.degree.-200.degree. C and at about 100-10,000 p.s.i.g. in the presence of a palladium-on-carbon catalyst, palladium-on-alumina or Raney nickel and is promoted by a hydrogen halide or its equivalent. Resulting product has utility as a high energy fuel.
摘要翻译： Binor-S，C14七环饱和烃的离子氢解产生主要含六环素和较少量五环体的低熔点产物。 氢解发生在约50°-200℃和约100-10,000p.s.i。 在钯 - 碳催化剂，钯 - 氧化铝或阮内镍的存在下，通过卤化氢或其等同物来促进。 所得产品具有高能燃料的效用。
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