公开(公告)号：US07076459B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-11

申请号：US09813907

申请日：2001-03-21

申请人： Alex Xin Zhang ,  Dirk Beyer ,  Julie Ann Ward ,  Tongwei Liu

发明人： Alex Xin Zhang ,  Dirk Beyer ,  Julie Ann Ward ,  Tongwei Liu

IPC分类号： G06Q40/00

CPC分类号： G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q30/06 ,  G06Q40/00 ,  G06Q40/04

摘要： A method for generating a demand estimate for a product includes gathering a set of auction data which is relevant to the product, removing from the auction data all but a highest bid from each unique bidder in the auction data, and correcting a bias in the auction data caused by a set of characteristics of an auction from which the auction data is obtained. In one embodiment, the auction data is obtained from an on-line auction which is characterized by bidders not necessarily knowing the start time of the auction.

公开(公告)号：US07536338B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-19

申请号：US09955264

申请日：2001-09-10

申请人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

发明人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

IPC分类号： G06Q40/00

CPC分类号： G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q40/04

摘要： The present invention provides an automated estimation and optimization solution for selecting the optimal bid for an item in an auction. The characteristics of the auction are selected (e.g., auction format, reserve price). A relevant bidding model, based on the characteristics of the auction, is selected. The structure of the auction is estimated based on the relevant bidding model. A bid function is determined based on the auction structure and user inputs regarding the item being bid on and the characteristics of the rival bidders. An optimal bid is determined based on the bid function and user-defined evaluation criterion. An embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system that determines the latent elements of the auction environment taking into account the strategic and information conditions with minimal assumptions on the distributions of unobserved random elements. The present invention allows a bidder to estimate the unobservable private signals of rival bidders and to determine the optimal bid the bidder can employ to optimize their evaluation criterion.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于选择拍卖中的物品的最佳出价的自动化估计和优化方案。 选择拍卖的特征（例如，拍卖格式，预留价格）。 选择基于拍卖特征的相关投标模式。 拍卖结构根据相关投标模式进行估算。 竞价功能是根据拍卖结果和用户对投标对象的投入以及对手投标人的特征确定的。 根据出价函数和用户定义的评估标准确定最优出价。 本发明的实施例提供了一种方法和系统，其以考虑到未观察到的随机元素的分布的最小假设来考虑战略和信息条件来确定拍卖环境的潜在元素。 本发明允许投标人估计竞争对手的不可观察的私人信号，并且确定投标人可以采用的最优投标来优化他们的评估标准。

公开(公告)号：US07096209B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

申请号：US09854084

申请日：2001-05-10

申请人： Tongwei Liu ,  Dirk M. Beyer

发明人： Tongwei Liu ,  Dirk M. Beyer

IPC分类号： G06F17/10 ,  G05B13/00

CPC分类号： G06N99/005

摘要： A method for action selection based upon an objective of an outcome relative to a subject. In one embodiment, a training set is obtained that contains attributes of a subject. In the present embodiment, a best behavioral model for predicting an outcome when a subject has an action applied is calculated. The training set is mapped to the best behavioral model. The mapping provides a base from which a random sub-sample is acquired. In the present embodiment, a random sub-sample of the training set and the best behavioral model is then selected. This random sub-sample reduces the computational requirements when determining an optimized strategy. The optimized strategy provides an optimal action relative to the subject for the objective of the outcome. In one embodiment, the subject is a customer of a business entity, enabled to interact with the customer, and an action is a promotion offered by the business entity.

公开(公告)号：US07493280B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-17

申请号：US09902928

申请日：2001-07-10

申请人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang ,  Kay-Yut Chen ,  Fereydoon Safai ,  Ren Wu

发明人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang ,  Kay-Yut Chen ,  Fereydoon Safai ,  Ren Wu

IPC分类号： G06Q40/00

CPC分类号： G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q40/00 ,  G06Q40/04

摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system that computes the optimal level of the reserve price for an auction, with respect to a multiplicity of possible evaluation criteria that the end user of the system may specify. In one embodiment, structural elements characterizing the auction situation are estimated from bid data available on past auctions. The estimated structural elements are then used in the formulation of the user's expected payoff as a function of the reserve price. This objective function is then optimized to obtain the best level of the reserve price. In one embodiment, this method is implemented by a process executed on a computer system, under the control of software and firmware directing the operation of its processors and components. In one embodiment, a computer readable medium causes a computer system to execute the steps in a process for implementing the method.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例提供了一种方法和系统，该方法和系统针对系统的最终用户指定的多种可能的评估标准来计算拍卖的储备价格的最佳水平。 在一个实施例中，表征拍卖情况的结构元素是根据过去拍卖可获得的投标数据估计的。 然后将估计的结构要素用作用户预期收益的公式，作为储备价格的函数。 然后对该目标函数进行优化，以获得最佳的储备价格水平。 在一个实施例中，该方法通过在计算机系统上执行的过程来实现，该过程在指导其处理器和组件的操作的软件和固件的控制下。 在一个实施例中，计算机可读介质使得计算机系统在用于实现该方法的过程中执行步骤。

公开(公告)号：US07249088B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-24

申请号：US09904311

申请日：2001-07-11

申请人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

发明人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

IPC分类号： G06Q40/00

CPC分类号： G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q40/00 ,  G06Q40/04

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining private information and risk attitudes of bidders at auctions. By varying auction formats, the underlying risk attitudes and joint distribution of bidders' private information is extracted. Bids submitted in utility-independent auctions are used to determine the bidders private information. Risk attitudes for bidders are determined using utility-dependent auctions and using the determined bidders' private information. When there is insufficient auction data for determining private information and risk attitudes, additional auctions are conducted to obtain the needed auction data. The results can then be used for designing auctions and for determining bids to be made by buyers.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在拍卖会上确定投标人私人信息和风险态度的方法和装置。 通过不同的拍卖形式，提取投标人私人信息的潜在风险态度和联合分配。 在实用独立拍卖中提交的投标用于确定投标人私人信息。 投标人的风险态度使用效用依赖拍卖和使用确定的投标人私人信息来确定。 当没有足够的拍卖数据来确定私人信息和风险态度时，进行额外的拍卖以获得所需的拍卖数据。 然后，结果可以用于设计拍卖和确定买方的出价。

公开(公告)号：US07742968B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-22

申请号：US09858251

申请日：2001-05-15

申请人： Kemal Guler ,  Leslie R. Fine ,  Kay-Yut Chen ,  Alan H. Karp ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang ,  Fereydoon Safai ,  Ren Wu ,  Alex Zhang

发明人： Kemal Guler ,  Leslie R. Fine ,  Kay-Yut Chen ,  Alan H. Karp ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang ,  Fereydoon Safai ,  Ren Wu ,  Alex Zhang

IPC分类号： G06Q40/00

CPC分类号： G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q40/00 ,  G06Q40/04

摘要： A computer-implemented automated decision support system for designing an auction for a given item includes a structure extractor that estimates unknown elements of market structure of the auction based on auction characteristics data extracted from historical auctions for similar items and a bidding model matching the extracted auction characteristics data. The decision support system also includes a bidding behavior predictor that predicts bidding behaviors of bidders in the auction based on the estimated unknown elements of market structure and characteristics of the auction. In addition, the system includes an optimizer that employs an evaluation criterion to generate an evaluation of the auction based on (1) the estimated unknown elements of market structure and (2) the predicted bidding behavior of bidders. A method of providing an automated auction analysis is also described.

摘要翻译： 用于设计给定项目的拍卖的计算机实现的自动决策支持系统包括：结构提取器，其基于从类似物品的历史拍卖中提取的拍卖特征数据和与所提取的拍卖匹配的投标模型来估计拍卖的市场结构的未知元素 特征数据。 决策支持系统还包括投标行为预测器，其基于市场结构和拍卖特征的估计未知元素来预测投标者在拍卖中的投标行为。 另外，该系统还包括一个优化器，它采用评估标准来生成一个拍卖评估，该方法基于（1）市场结构的估计未知元素和（2）投标人的预测投标行为。 还描述了提供自动拍卖分析的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07627514B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-01

申请号：US09903075

申请日：2001-07-10

申请人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

发明人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

IPC分类号： G06Q40/00

CPC分类号： G06Q10/04 ,  G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q40/04 ,  G06Q50/188

摘要： An automated estimation and optimization solution for selecting the best auction format by determining the latent elements of the auction environment taking into account the strategic and information conditions with minimal assumptions on the distributions of unobserved random elements. Structural analysis of bid data from prior auctions is used to identify and estimate the distributions of bidders' private signals conditional on observable bidder characteristics. The estimated signal distributions, identified by the structural analysis, are used to evaluate alternative auction formats and to select the best format from among a given set of candidates. The present invention provides decision support tools to select an auction format based on structural econometric analysis of available data on the market environment. A decision-maker may estimate the unobservable private signals of the bidders and to determine the best auction format the decision maker can employ to sell a given set of items.

摘要翻译： 一种自动估算和优化解决方案，用于通过在考虑到战略和信息条件的情况下确定拍卖环境的潜在元素来选择最佳拍卖格式，并对未观察到的随机元素的分布进行最小假设。 对来自先前拍卖的投标数据的结构分析用于根据可观察的投标者特征来识别和估计投标人私人信号的分布。 通过结构分析识别的估计信号分布用于评估替代拍卖格式，并从给定的一组候选中选择最佳格式。 本发明提供了决策支持工具，用于基于对市场环境的可用数据的结构计量分析来选择拍卖格式。 决策者可以估计投标人的不可观察的私人信号，并且确定决策者可以采用的最佳拍卖格式来销售给定的一组物品。

公开(公告)号：US07403911B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-22

申请号：US09902880

申请日：2001-07-10

申请人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

发明人： Kemal Guler ,  Tongwei Liu ,  Hsiu-Khuern Tang

IPC分类号： G06Q30/00

CPC分类号： G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q30/02 ,  G06Q30/0201 ,  G06Q30/0202 ,  G06Q30/0226 ,  G06Q30/0641 ,  G06Q40/04

摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system that determines the optimal preference policy for a market, such as an auction, with respect to a multiplicity of possible evaluation criteria that auction participants or other end users specify. In one embodiment, a method and system that configures the optimal preference policies that can be implemented in any market, particularly an auction, applicable to any auction format a market decision maker may wish to conduct. An embodiment of the present invention estimates bidders' private information and correspondingly identifies exploitable asymmetries to implement a preferential treatment policy. In one embodiment, this method is implemented on a computer system, under the control of software and firmware directing the operation of its processor and other components. In one embodiment, a computer readable medium causes a computer system to execute the method.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例提供了一种方法和系统，其针对拍卖参与者或其他最终用户指定的多种可能的评估标准来确定诸如拍卖的市场的最优偏好策略。 在一个实施例中，一种方法和系统，其配置可以在市场决策者可能希望执行的任何拍卖格式的任何市场，特别是拍卖中实现的最佳偏好策略。 本发明的一个实施例估计投标者的私人信息，并且相应地识别可利用的不对称性来实施优惠待遇政策。 在一个实施例中，该方法在计算机系统上实现，其指导其处理器和其它组件的操作的软件和固件的控制。 在一个实施例中，计算机可读介质使计算机系统执行该方法。