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公开(公告)号：US5402846A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US151662
申请日：1993-11-15
IPC分类号： C09K8/70 , E21B33/13 , E21B43/02 , E21B43/267 , E21B43/247
CPC分类号： E21B43/025 , C09K8/703 , E21B33/13 , E21B43/267
摘要： An improved method for hydraulically fracturing a formation or reservoir where a thermo-setting gellable mixture is utilized. This thermo-setting mixture is foamed either at the surface or in situ under fracturing pressures and conditions. The mixture and carrier fluid is of a composition such that the foamed mixture has a viscosity of sufficient magnitude to cause a created fracture to grow while the foamed mixture is kept under fracturing pressure and conditions. Once a fracture of a desired size and length has been generated, the resin is ignited and thermally set thus forming a porous hardened solid within the fracture thereby holding the fracture open. Once combustion is finished, no spent fracturing fluids or load fluids remain to be recovered. This porous solid props the fracture open thereby increasing the conductivity of the formation or reservoir and fluid flow therefrom.
摘要翻译： 一种用于水泥压裂地层或储层的改进方法，其中使用热固化可凝胶混合物。 这种热固性混合物在压裂压力和条件下在表面或原位发泡。 混合物和载体流体的组成使得发泡混合物具有足够大的粘度，从而在发泡混合物保持在压裂压力和条件下使所产生的断裂生长。 一旦已经产生所需尺寸和长度的断裂，则树脂被点燃和热定形，从而在裂缝内形成多孔硬化固体，从而保持断裂。 一旦燃烧完成，没有剩余的压裂流体或负载流体仍然被回收。 这种多孔固体支撑断裂，从而增加地层或储层的导电性以及流体的流动。
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公开(公告)号：US5411091A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-02
申请号：US164270
申请日：1993-12-09
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
CPC分类号： E21B43/267
摘要： A method for enhanced hydraulic fracturing which comprises injecting a proppant laden fracturing fluid into a formation or reservoir at a rate and pressure sufficient to fracture said formation. Next, a thin spacer fluid is injected into the created fracture. Afterwards, a proppant laden fracturing fluid is injected into the formation at a rate and pressure sufficient to hold the created fracture open which allows proppant to be more evenly distributed throughout the created fracture as proppant falls through the spacer fluid thereby avoiding proppant convection in the created fracture while obtaining substantially improved propping of the fracture.
摘要翻译： 一种用于增强水力压裂的方法，其包括以足以破坏所述地层的速率和压力将负载剂载荷压裂流体注入地层或储层。 接下来，将薄的间隔液注入到所产生的裂缝中。 之后，将支撑剂负载的压裂液以足以保持所产生的断裂开放的速率和压力注入到地层中，这样支撑剂能够在所产生的裂缝中更均匀地分布，因为支撑剂通过间隔液流动，从而避免了所产生的支撑剂对流 同时获得明显改善的骨折支撑。
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3.发明授权Means of injecting CO.sub.2 into circulation tubing to facilitate CO.sub.2 gas lift 失效将CO 2注入循环管道以促进CO 2气体提升的方法
公开(公告)号：US5377764A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-03
申请号：US992667
申请日：1992-12-18
CPC分类号： E21B43/164 , E21B43/122 , Y02P90/70
摘要： A method for removing a viscous hydrocarbonaceous fluid or oil from a formation where carbon dioxide is utilized. Gaseous carbon dioxide is injected, by a pre-set time interval or a computer actuated valve means, into a well near a productive interval. Injection continues for a time sufficient for the carbon dioxide and oil to mix thereby decreasing the oil's viscosity and facilitating gas lift of an oil of reduced viscosity to the surface.
摘要翻译： 从使用二氧化碳的地层中去除粘性含烃流体或油的方法。 将气态二氧化碳通过预设的时间间隔或计算机致动阀装置注入生产间隔附近的井中。 注入持续时间足以使二氧化碳和油混合，从而降低油的粘度，并促进降低粘度的油向表面的气举。
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公开(公告)号：US5314020A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US943645
申请日：1992-09-11
CPC分类号： E21B43/305 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/261
摘要： A process where massive hydraulic fracturing (MHF) is used in combination with a novel horizontal and vertical well drilling scheme. The novel well drilling scheme provides the cost benefits of vertical drilling along with the increased pay zone contact of extended-reach drilling. MHF additionally provides for substantially enhanced reservoir drainage.
摘要翻译： 大型水力压裂（MHF）与新型水平和垂直钻井方案结合使用的过程。 新型钻井方案提供了垂直钻井的成本优势，以及延伸钻井的增加的油层接触。 MHF还提供了大大增强的储层排水。
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5.发明授权Method of recovering additional oil from fines and residue recovered from viscous oil reservoirs 失效从细屑回收附加油的方法和从粘性油藏回收的残留物
公开(公告)号：US5271463A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US936479
申请日：1992-08-28
摘要： This invention is directed to a method for recovering residual oil from produced fines and solid materials which are obtained during the production of viscous oil from a formation. The fines and produced materials are injected into a formation with or without fracturing for their disposal. Once in the formation, a non-thermal enhanced oil recovery method is used to remove residual oil from the fines or solid materials. Use of this method provides an inexpensive and environmentally safe method for recovering residual oil from formation fines or solids.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种在从地层生产粘性油时获得的从生产的细粉和固体材料中回收残余油的方法。 将罚款和生产的材料注入到具有或不具有压裂的地层中以供处理。 一旦形成，使用非热增强的油回收方法来从细粒或固体材料中除去残留的油。 使用这种方法提供了一种廉价且环境友好的方法来从成矿细粒或固体中回收残留油。
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公开(公告)号：US5238067A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-24
申请号：US883999
申请日：1992-05-18
CPC分类号： C09K8/62 , C09K8/72 , E21B43/261
摘要： This invention is directed to a method to improve fracture acidizing in a carbonate containing formation. Initially, the formation is hydraulically fractured so as to form a fracture in the formation in a preferred direction. Thereafter, an acid is directed into the fracture so as to etch the fracture's face and create channels therein. Afterwards, a viscous fluid is directed into the fracture which fluid contains a material sufficient to serve as a diverter and prevent growth in the existing fracture. Once the diverting material is in place, hydraulic fracturing is again conducted within the existing fracture whereupon fracturing forces are directed away from the diverter so as to form a branched fracture to contact hydrocarbonaceous vugs in the formation. The steps of fracturing acidizing, and diverting are continued until a vuggy area in the formation has been interconnected with the fracture system.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种改善含碳酸盐岩层中断裂酸化的方法。 最初，地层是水力断裂的，以便在优选的方向上在地层中形成裂缝。 此后，将酸引入裂缝中，以便蚀刻裂缝的面并在其中产生通道。 之后，将粘性流体引入裂缝中，该流体包含足以用作分流器的材料，并防止现有裂缝中的生长。 一旦转向材料就位，在现有的裂缝中再次进行水力压裂，由此压裂力被引导离开分流器，以便形成分支断裂以接触地层中的含烃孔。 压裂酸化和转移的步骤继续进行，直到地层中的一个疏水区域与裂缝系统相互连接。
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公开(公告)号：US5207778A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-04
申请号：US782192
申请日：1991-10-24
CPC分类号： E21B43/261 , C09K8/74 , C09K2208/24 , C09K2208/26
摘要： This invention is directed to a method to improve matrix acidizing of a carbonate containing formation by taking advantage of wormholes which are created during acidizing. The wormholes are closed with a solidifiable gel which protects them from entry of additional acid. The solidifiable gel is allowed sufficient time to form a solid. After a solid gel is formed, additional acid is directed into the formation where it moves past the wormholes containing the solid gel. Thereafter, an additional volume of solidifiable gel is directed into the formation where it protects any subsequently formed wormholes and diverts the acid further into the formation. An additional volume of acid is directed into the formation and the steps repeated until the formation has been acidized to obtain a desired degree of permeability.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过利用在酸化期间产生的虫洞来改善含碳酸盐岩层的基质酸化的方法。 虫洞用可凝固的凝胶封闭，可保护其免受额外的酸的侵入。 允许可凝固的凝胶充分时间以形成固体。 在形成固体凝胶之后，另外的酸被引导到地层中，在那里它移动通过含有固体凝胶的虫洞。 此后，将额外体积的可凝固凝胶引导到地层中，其中保护任何后续形成的虫洞并将酸进一步转移到地层中。 将额外体积的酸引导到地层中，并重复这些步骤，直到地层被酸化以获得期望的渗透程度。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5036918A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-06
申请号：US446834
申请日：1989-12-06
IPC分类号： E21B43/02 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/267
CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 , E21B43/025 , E21B43/267
摘要： A method for controlling formation fines when producing viscous oil from a consolidated or loosely consolidated formation having at least two wells therein. Both wells are perforated and hydraulically fractured at a lower level via a viscous gel fluid having a size and temperature resistant proppant therein. The proppant is of a size sufficient to filter formation fines from the oil. Cyclic steam-flooding and oil production are continued in one well, while the other well is shut-in. Prior to steam break through, the lower perforated intervals are isolated with production packers containing knock-out plugs. A correlatable selected upper interval in both wells is perforated and hydraulic fracturing is repeated. Cyclic steam-flooding and oil production are continued in the upper interval until steam break through occurs. Cyclic steam-flooding is ceased and production strings are directed through the knock-out plugs into the lower interval. Thereafter, steam is directed down the annulus from a first well into a second well in the upper interval, while producing oil from the lower interval. Thereafter, steam is circulated down both wells into the upper formation causing the formation of a "heat chest" and the production of hydrocarbonaceous fluids from the lower interval via the production string.
摘要翻译： 当从其中具有至少两个孔的固结或松散固结的地层生产粘性油时，控制地层细粉的方法。 两口井均通过其中具有尺寸和耐温支撑剂的粘性凝胶流体在较低的水平上进行水力断裂。 支撑剂的尺寸足以从油中过滤成分。 在一口井中继续循环蒸汽和石油生产，另一口井被关闭。 在蒸汽穿透之前，较低的穿孔间隔与包含敲打塞的生产包装机隔离。 在两个井中相关的选择的上部间隔是穿孔的，并且重复水力压裂。 循环蒸汽驱油和产油继续在上段，直到发生蒸汽破裂。 循环蒸汽停止，生产线通过排出塞子进入较低的间隔。 此后，在上部间隔内将蒸汽从第一井向下引导到第二井中，同时从较低间隔产生油。 此后，蒸汽沿两口井循环进入上部地层，形成“加热箱”，并通过生产管柱从较低间隔产生含烃流体。
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公开(公告)号：US5005645A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-09
申请号：US446835
申请日：1989-12-06
IPC分类号： E21B43/24 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/267
CPC分类号： E21B43/267 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/261
摘要： A method for controlling the production of formation fines during the production of heavy oils from a sandstone formation. Hydraulic fracturing is conducted in an interval of the formation using a viscous gel fracturing fluid having a proppant therein. The proppant is sized based on the particle size distribution of the formation fines so as to restrict formation fines movement into the propped fracture. Thereafter, intermittent steam injection is conducted in the formation's productive interval. Hydrocarbon production from the formation is controlled so as to allow formation fines build-up on the fracture face thereby improving the filtration of fines from the heavy oil. After removing a desired amount of hydrocarbonaceous fluids from this productive interval, it is mechanically isolated. Thereafter, the steps are repeated in another productive interval.
摘要翻译： 一种控制在从砂岩形成的重油生产过程中生成细粉的方法。 使用其中具有支撑剂的粘性凝胶压裂液在成形间隔内进行水力压裂。 支撑剂的尺寸基于地层细粒的粒度分布，以便将成矿细粒运动限制到支撑的裂缝中。 此后，在地层的生产间隔内进行间歇式蒸汽喷射。 控制从地层产生的碳氢化合物，以便在裂缝面上形成细粉，从而改善从重油中过滤细粉。 在从该生产间隔中除去所需量的含烃流体之后，它是机械隔离的。 此后，在另一个生产间隔中重复这些步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US4982786A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-08
申请号：US379759
申请日：1989-07-14
CPC分类号： E21B43/24 , E21B43/164 , E21B43/305 , Y02P90/70
摘要： A method to enhance steam flooding where at least two horizontal wellbores are utilized. Carbon dioxide is injected into a lower perforated horizontal wellbore. Once sufficient carbon dioxide has been injected into the formation, steam is injected through the lower horizontal wellbore. The steam displaces the carbon dioxide into the formation where it contacts and mixes with hydrocarbonaceous fluids. Steam causes the carbon dioxide to expand, thereby providing for a better sweep of the formation. Steam injection is ceased and liquid carbon dioxide injection again is commenced. Afterwards, steam is injected again into the formation. This sequence is continued until it becomes uneconomical to produce hydrocarbonaceous fluids from an upper horizontal wellbore. Hydrocarbon displacement efficiencies are enhanced when hydrocarbons are produced into the upper horizontal wellbore due to viscosity and density differences.
摘要翻译： 一种用于增强使用至少两个水平井筒的蒸汽淹没的方法。 将二氧化碳注入下穿孔水平井眼。 一旦足够的二氧化碳已经注入到地层中，则蒸汽通过下层水平井眼注入。 蒸汽将二氧化碳置于与地层接触并与烃类流体混合的地层中。 蒸汽导致二氧化碳膨胀，从而提供更好的地层扫掠。 蒸汽注入停止，液体二氧化碳再次注入。 之后，蒸汽再次注入地层。 该序列继续进行，直到从上部水平井眼产生烃类流体变得不经济。 由于粘度和密度的差异，当碳氢化合物产生到上部水平井眼中时，碳氢位移效率得到提高。
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