公开(公告)号：US4455860A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-26

申请号：US447595

申请日：1982-12-07

申请人： Alvin S. Cullick ,  Melwyn L. Mathis ,  Bert J. Warner

发明人： Alvin S. Cullick ,  Melwyn L. Mathis ,  Bert J. Warner

IPC分类号： G01N33/28 ,  G01N33/26

CPC分类号： G01N33/28 ,  G01N33/2823

摘要： A method for determining the CO.sub.2 minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is disclosed which comprises filling a coiled capillary tube with oil at a predetermined temperature T.sub.1 and an initial predetermined pressure P.sub.1 less than the CO.sub.2 MMP. Carbon dioxide is injected into the capillary tube at a fixed flow rate F.sub.1 to displace the oil while maintaining the temperature of the oil at T.sub.1 and the pressure at P.sub.1. The pressure drop across the capillary tube and the volume of carbon dioxide injected is constantly measured. The pressure difference versus volume of carbon dioxide injected data is plotted and the pressure drop .DELTA.P.sub.1 at the point of inflection where the second derivative goes from a negative value to a positive value is determined graphically. The previous steps are repeated while maintaining T.sub.1 and F.sub.1 constant at a different pressure P.sub.2 less than the CO.sub.2 MMP and .DELTA.P.sub.2 at the inflection point of pressure versus volume of CO.sub.2 injected is determined. Additional CO.sub.2 displacement tests are conducted at the same temperature T.sub.1 and CO.sub.2 flow rate F.sub.1 at various pressure levels (at least two) above the CO.sub.2 MMP. The pressure drop at each pressure P.sub.3 and P.sub.4 above the CO.sub.2 MMP is plotted versus the volume of carbon dioxide injected. The pressure drop .DELTA.P.sub.3 and .DELTA.P.sub.4 at the point of inflection as previously defined is determined for the corresponding pressure P.sub.3 and P.sub.4. The corresponding pressure drop at the inflection point obtained for the pressure values below MMP and the pressure drop at the inflection point obtained for the pressure values above MMP minus the pressure drop for CO.sub.2 under the same test conditions as calculated by the Hagen-Poiseuille equation are plotted as a linear function of test pressure. The CO.sub.2 MMP is determined graphically as the pressure at the point where the two lines defining miscible and immiscible displacement intersect.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定CO 2最小混溶性压力（MMP）的方法，其包括在预定温度T1和小于CO 2 MMP的初始预定压力P1下填充螺旋毛细管。 将二氧化碳以固定的流量F1注入毛细管中以置换油，同时将油的温度保持在T1，压力为P1。 不断测量毛细管上的压降和注入的二氧化碳的体积。 绘制二氧化碳注入数据的压力差与体积的关系，图形地确定二次导数从负值到正值的拐点处的压降DELTA P1。 重复前面的步骤，同时保持T1和F1恒定在不同的压力P2，小于压力相对于注入的二氧化碳体积的拐点处的CO 2 MMP和DELTA P2。 在相同的温度T1和CO2流量F1下进行额外的二氧化碳置换测试，在不同的压力水平（至少两个）高于二氧化碳基质金属蛋白酶。 在二氧化碳基质金属上方的每个压力P3和P4的压降相对于注入的二氧化碳的体积绘制。 针对相应的压力P3和P4确定如前所述的拐点处的压降DELTA P3和DELTA P4。 对于在低于MMP的压力值得到的拐点处的相应压降和对于高于MMP的压力值获得的拐点处的压降减去在通过Hagen-Poiseuille方程计算的相同试验条件下的CO 2的压降下， 绘制为测试压力的线性函数。 图形化地确定了二氧化碳基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）作为两条定义可混溶和不混溶的位移相交点的压力。

公开(公告)号：US4339152A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-13

申请号：US846874

申请日：1977-10-31

申请人： Bert J. Warner ,  Melwyn L. Mathis ,  Warren F. Johnson

发明人： Bert J. Warner ,  Melwyn L. Mathis ,  Warren F. Johnson

IPC分类号： C22B60/02 ,  E21B41/00 ,  E21B43/28

CPC分类号： E21B41/0078 ,  C22B60/0208 ,  C22B60/0247 ,  E21B43/28

摘要： Method and apparatus for mixing a gaseous oxidant (e.g., oxygen) and a lixiviant (e.g., an aqueous carbonate solution) at a downhole location before the oxygen-saturated lixiviant is injected into a formation to be leached. The invention involves establishing a mixing zone in the well by positioning a mixing means, comprising a housing, in the well at the downhole location. Lixiviant is flowed down the well and through a restrictive opening in the housing to substantially increase the flow velocity of the lixiviant. At the same time, gaseous oxidant is fed to the housing and is trapped therein by the increased velocity of the lixiviant and by packing material in said housing. The lixiviant flows through the trapped oxidant which, in turn, dissolves into the lixiviant to saturate same. Additional packing material is provided in the housing to remove undissolved oxidant from the saturated lixiviant before it is injected into a formation to be leached.

摘要翻译： 在将氧饱和的浸渍剂注入到要沥滤的地层中之前，将井下位置处的气态氧化剂（例如氧气）和浸渍剂（例如碳酸水溶液）混合的方法和装置。 本发明涉及通过在井下位置将包括壳体的混合装置定位在井中来在井中建立混合区。 浸泡液沿着井流动并通过壳体中的限制性开口，以大大增加浸渍剂的流速。 同时，气态氧化剂被供给到壳体中并且通过浸取物的增加的速度和通过在所述壳体中包装材料而被捕获。 浸渍剂流过捕获的氧化剂，其又溶解到浸渍剂中以使其饱和。 另外的包装材料被提供在外壳中，以便在被注入到要浸出的地层中之前从饱和浸泡剂中除去未溶解的氧化剂。

公开(公告)号：US4444044A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-24

申请号：US399943

申请日：1982-07-20

申请人： Curtis L. Humphries ,  Melwyn L. Mathis ,  Eddie F. Schultz ,  Henry A. Seal

发明人： Curtis L. Humphries ,  Melwyn L. Mathis ,  Eddie F. Schultz ,  Henry A. Seal

IPC分类号： E21B43/34 ,  E21B49/08 ,  G01N13/00 ,  G01N13/02 ,  G01N33/28

CPC分类号： E21B49/086 ,  E21B43/34 ,  G01N13/00 ,  G01N33/2823 ,  G01N2013/025

摘要： A method for determining the foaming characteristics of a crude oil stream at the wellhead comprising introducing the production crude oil stream from the wellhead into an elongated, horizontal separator under reduced pressure at a controlled flow rate, withdrawing evolved gas from the upper portion of the separator and measuring the flow rate thereof, withdrawing oil from the lower portion of the separator and measuring the flow rate thereof, controlling the pressure on the separator at a lower pressure than the wellhead pressure, controlling the liquid level of the oil in the separator, measuring the volume of oil in the separator, and measuring the volume of foam in the separator. The apparatus comprises an elongated horizontal separator, a crude oil inlet into one end of the separator, means for supplying a crude oil stream from the wellhead to the crude oil inlet in the separator at a controlled flow rate, means for controlling the pressure in the separator at a pressure lower than the wellhead pressure, means for withdrawing gas from the upper portion of the separator and measuring the flow rate thereof, means for withdrawing crude oil from the lower portion of the separator and measuring the flow rate thereof, means for controlling the liquid level crude oil in the separator, means for measuring the volume of foam formed in the separator, and means for measuring the volume of crude oil in the separator.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定井口处的原油流的发泡特性的方法，其包括将生产原油流从井口引入细长的水平分离器中，以减小的压力控制流速，从分离器的上部排出放出的气体 并测量其流量，从分离器的下部抽出油并测量其流量，控制隔板上的压力低于井口压力，控制分离器中油的液位，测量 分离器中油的体积，并测量分离器中的泡沫体积。 该装置包括细长的水平分离器，分离器一端的原油入口，用于以可控的流量将来自井口的原油流供应到分离器中的原油入口的装置，用于控制在 在低于井口压力的压力下的分离器，用于从分离器的上部排出气体并测量其流量的装置，用于从分离器的下部抽出原油并测量其流量的装置，用于控制 分离器中的液面原油，用于测量分离器中形成的泡沫的体积的装置，以及用于测量分离器中原油体积的装置。