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公开(公告)号：US07758740B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-20
申请号：US10561597
申请日：2004-06-21
CPC分类号： C25C7/007 , C22B1/2406 , C22B5/02 , C22B34/129 , C25C3/28 , C25C5/04 , C25C7/025
摘要： An electrolytic cell for electrochemically reducing metal oxide powders and/or pellets is disclosed. The cell includes a cathode (25) in the form of a plate that has an upper surface for supporting metal oxide powders and/or pellets. The plate is horizontally disposed or slightly inclined and has a forward end and a rearward end and is immersed in an electrolyte bath. The plate is supported for movement so as to cause metal oxide powders and/or pellets on the upper surface of the plate to move toward a forward end of the plate. The cell also includes a means for causing metal oxide powders and/or pellets to move over the upper surface of the plate toward the forward end of the cathode while in contact with molten electrolyte whereby electrochemical reduction of the metal oxide to metal can occur. A method of continuously or semi-continuously reducing metal oxide powders and/or pellets in the cell is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于电化学还原金属氧化物粉末和/或丸粒的电解池。 电池包括板形式的阴极（25），其具有用于支撑金属氧化物粉末和/或颗粒的上表面。 该板水平放置或稍微倾斜，并具有前端和后端，并浸入电解液浴中。 支撑板移动，以使板的上表面上的金属氧化物粉末和/或颗粒向板的前端移动。 电池还包括使金属氧化物粉末和/或丸粒在与熔融电解液接触的同时朝向阴极的前端移动到板的上表面上的装置，由此可以发生金属氧化物到金属的电化学还原。 还公开了在电池中连续或半连续还原金属氧化物粉末和/或丸粒的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20080047845A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-28
申请号：US10575800
申请日：2004-10-14
IPC分类号： C25C1/22
CPC分类号： C25C7/007 , C22B4/08 , C22B34/129 , C25C3/28 , C25C5/04
摘要： A process for electrochemically reducing a metal oxide feed material in a solid state in an electrolytic cell is disclosed. The cell includes a molten bath of electrolyte, an anode, a cathode, and a means for applying a potential across the anode and the cathode. The process is characterised by supplying an amount of electrolyte into the bath that is greater than the amount of electrolyte that is required to replace electrolyte removed from the bath with reduced material and removing molten electrolyte from the bath to maintain the bath height at a required height or within a range of required heights.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种在电解槽中电化学还原固态金属氧化物进料的方法。 电池包括电解液的熔池，阳极，阴极和用于在阳极和阴极上施加电位的装置。 该方法的特征在于将一定量的电解质供应到浴中，其量大于用还原材料取代从浴中除去的电解质并从浴中除去熔融的电解质以保持浴高度达到所需高度所需的电解质的量 或在所需高度的范围内。
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公开(公告)号：US20080149495A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-26
申请号：US11668509
申请日：2007-01-30
IPC分类号： C25C5/02
CPC分类号： C22B34/129 , C22B9/14 , C22B34/1295 , C25C5/00
摘要： A process for selectively forming a morphology of reduced material is disclosed. The reduced material, such as titanium, is formed by a process of electrochemically reducing a metal oxide feed material, such as titania, in a solid state in an electrolytic cell containing molten chlorine-containing electrolyte in the cell. The process for selectively forming the morphology of reduced material includes sintering the reduced material and forming a morphology that is susceptible to subsequent washing of retained electrolyte in the reduced material.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种选择性地形成还原材料形态的方法。 诸如钛的还原材料通过在电池中含有含熔融的含氯电解质的电解池中以固态电化学还原金属氧化物进料如二氧化钛的方法形成。 用于选择性地形成还原材料的形态的方法包括烧结还原材料并形成易于随后在还原材料中洗涤保留的电解质的形态。
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公开(公告)号：US20110103998A1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-05
申请号：US12739767
申请日：2008-10-24
申请人： Ivan Ratchev , Grant Caffery , Simon Philip Sullivan , René Ignacio Olivares , Gregory David Rigby
发明人： Ivan Ratchev , Grant Caffery , Simon Philip Sullivan , René Ignacio Olivares , Gregory David Rigby
CPC分类号： C22B23/06 , C22B23/023 , C22B23/025 , C22B23/0407 , C22B23/0461
摘要： A method of producing a nickel product (including nickel alloy products and products such as nickel matte) from a nickel intermediate product is disclosed. The method comprises smelting a dried nickel intermediate product in a molten bath-based smelter and forming a molten pool containing a molten metal and a slag, with the molten metal being the nickel product. Intermediate and end products produced by the method are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种从镍中间产品生产镍产品（包括镍合金产品和诸如镍锍的产品）的方法。 该方法包括在熔融浴基冶炼炉中熔炼干燥的镍中间产物，并形成含有熔融金属和熔渣的熔池，熔融金属为镍产品。 还公开了通过该方法生产的中间产品和最终产品。
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公开(公告)号：US08460429B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-11
申请号：US12742828
申请日：2009-02-12
CPC分类号： C22B5/10 , C22B9/10 , C22B23/02 , C22B23/023
摘要： A method of smelting a nickel intermediate product in a smelter that contains a molten bath of metal and slag to produce a nickel product, the method comprising supplying the nickel intermediate product and a solid reductant to the smelter and smelting the nickel intermediate product to produce molten nickel, and controlling the chemistry of the slag so that the slag has (a) a high solubility for elements and compounds in the nickel intermediate product that are regarded as contaminants in the nickel product and (b) a liquidus temperature in the range of 1300-1700 C.
摘要翻译： 一种熔炼冶炼中的镍中间产物的方法，该冶炼炉含有金属和炉渣的熔池以产生镍产品，该方法包括将镍中间产物和固体还原剂供应给冶炼厂并熔炼镍中间产物以产生熔融的 镍，并且控制炉渣的化学性质，使得炉渣具有（a）在镍中间产物中被认为是镍产品中的污染物的元素和化合物的高溶解度，以及（b）液相线温度在1300 -1700℃
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公开(公告)号：US20110118100A1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-19
申请号：US12742828
申请日：2009-02-12
CPC分类号： C22B5/10 , C22B9/10 , C22B23/02 , C22B23/023
摘要： A method of smelting a nickel intermediate product in a smelter that contains a molten bath of metal and slag to produce a nickel product, the method comprising supplying the nickel intermediate product and a solid reductant to the smelter and smelting the nickel intermediate product to produce molten nickel, and controlling the chemistry of the slag so that the slag has (a) a high solubility for elements and compounds in the nickel intermediate product that are regarded as contaminants in the nickel product and (b) a liquidus temperature in the range of 1300-1700 C.
摘要翻译： 一种熔炼冶炼中的镍中间产物的方法，该冶炼炉含有金属和炉渣的熔池以产生镍产品，该方法包括将镍中间产物和固体还原剂供应给冶炼厂并熔炼镍中间产物以产生熔融的 镍，并且控制炉渣的化学性质，使得炉渣具有（a）在镍中间产物中被认为是镍产品中的污染物的元素和化合物的高溶解度，以及（b）液相线温度在1300 -1700℃
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公开(公告)号：US07470355B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-30
申请号：US10490452
申请日：2003-12-12
申请人： Steve Osborn , Ivan Ratchev , Les Strezov , Greg Rigby
发明人： Steve Osborn , Ivan Ratchev , Les Strezov , Greg Rigby
IPC分类号： C25C3/26
CPC分类号： C25C7/007 , C22B34/129 , C25C5/04 , C25C7/005
摘要： A process for electrochemically reducing a metal oxide, such as titania, in a solid state in an electrochemical cell that includes a bath of molten electrolyte, a cathode, and an anode, which process includes the steps of: a) applying a cell potential across the anode and the cathode that is capable of electrochemically reducing the metal oxide supplied to the molten electrolyte bath, b) continuously or semi-continuously feeding the metal oxide in powder and/or pellet form into the molten electrolyte bath, c) transporting the powders and/or pellets along a path within the molten electrolyte bath and reducing the metal oxide as the metal oxide powders and/or pellets move along the path, and d) continuously or semi-continuously removing metal from the molten electrolyte bath. Also disclosed and claims is an electrochemical cell for carrying out this process.
摘要翻译： 一种用于电化学还原金属氧化物（例如二氧化钛）的方法，其在包括熔融电解质浴，阴极和阳极的电化学电池中的固体状态下，该方法包括以下步骤：a）跨越电池电位 阳极和阴极，其能够电化学还原提供给熔融电解质浴的金属氧化物，b）将粉末和/或颗粒形式的金属氧化物连续或半连续地供入到熔融电解质浴中，c）将粉末 和/或颗粒，并且随着金属氧化物粉末和/或颗粒沿着路径移动，还原金属氧化物，以及d）从熔融电解液浴中连续或半连续地除去金属。 还公开并且权利要求书是用于执行该方法的电化学电池。
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公开(公告)号：US20080011126A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-17
申请号：US11839876
申请日：2007-08-16
申请人： Alexey Duarte , Houyuan Liu , Ivan Ratchev
发明人： Alexey Duarte , Houyuan Liu , Ivan Ratchev
CPC分类号： C21B15/00 , C22B1/244 , C22B3/42 , C22B5/12 , C22B23/023 , C22B23/0453 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A process for producing a ferronickel product from a mixed nickel iron hydroxide product, said process including the steps of: providing a mixed nickel iron hydroxide product; pelletising the mixed nickel iron hydroxide product to produce nickel iron hydroxide pellets; calcining the nickel iron hydroxide pellets to produce mixed nickel iron oxide pellets; and reducing the nickel iron oxide pellets with one or more reducing gases at high temperatures to produce ferronickel pellets.
摘要翻译： 一种由混合的氢氧化镍氢产物生产镍铁产品的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：提供混合的氢氧化镍氢氧化物产物; 将混合的镍氢氧化铁产物造粒以生产氢氧化镍氢氧化物颗粒; 煅烧镍氢氧化镍颗粒以制备混合的镍铁氧化物颗粒; 以及在高温下用一种或多种还原性气体还原镍铁氧化物颗粒以制备铁镍矿颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US20060037867A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-23
申请号：US11258864
申请日：2005-10-27
申请人： Les Strezov , Ivan Ratchev , Steve Osborn , Kannappar Mukunthan
发明人： Les Strezov , Ivan Ratchev , Steve Osborn , Kannappar Mukunthan
CPC分类号： C25C5/04 , C22B34/129 , C25C3/28
摘要： A method of manufacturing titanium or titanium alloy semi-finished or ready-to-use products is disclosed. The method includes forming shaped bodies of titanium oxide particles and positioning the shaped bodies in an electrolytic cell which includes: an anode, a cathode, and a molten electrolyte. The shaped bodies are positioned to form at least a part of the cathode. The electrolyte includes cations of a metal that is capable of chemically reducing titanium oxide. The method further includes reducing the titanium oxide to titanium in a solid state in the electrolytic cell so that the shaped bodies become shaped bodies of titanium sponge. Finally, the method includes processing the shaped bodies of titanium sponge to reduce the volume or at least one of the dimensions of the bodies thereby to form the semi-finished or ready-to-use products.
摘要翻译： 公开了制造钛或钛合金半成品或即用型产品的方法。 该方法包括形成氧化钛颗粒的成形体并将成形体定位在包括阳极，阴极和熔融电解质的电解池中。 成形体被定位成形成阴极的至少一部分。 电解质包括能够化学还原氧化钛的金属的阳离子。 该方法还包括在电解槽中将钛氧化物还原成固态的钛，使成形体成为海绵钛成形体。 最后，该方法包括处理钛海绵体的成形体以减小体积或至少其中一个尺寸，从而形成半成品或即用型产品。
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公开(公告)号：US07935171B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-03
申请号：US12438418
申请日：2007-08-22
CPC分类号： C22B23/043 , C22B3/42 , C22B23/0461 , C22B23/0484 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A process for producing a metallic nickel product with a low iron content, that includes: (i) providing an acidic product liquor; (ii) subjecting the acidic product liquor to an ion exchange process to absorb the nickel and part of the iron; (iii) eluting the nickel and iron to produce an eluate containing the nickel and iron. (iv) neutralising the eluate to leave an iron depleted eluate; (v) neutralising the iron depleted eluate to cause precipitation of nickel hydroxide containing low iron; (vi) calcining the nickel hydroxide to convert it to nickel oxide; (vii) subjecting the nickel oxide to direct smelting in the presence of a reductant to produce a molten nickel phase; and (viii) refining the molten nickel phase by oxidation to produce a metallic nickel product with low iron content.
摘要翻译： 一种制备铁含量低的金属镍产品的方法，包括：（i）提供酸性产物液; （ii）使酸性产物液体进行离子交换过程以吸收镍和部分铁; （iii）洗脱镍和铁以产生含有镍和铁的洗脱液。 （iv）中和洗脱液以留下耗尽铁的洗脱液; （v）中和不含铁的洗脱液，使含有低铁的氢氧化镍沉淀; （vi）煅烧氢氧化镍以将其转化为氧化镍; （vii）使镍氧化物在还原剂存在下直接熔炼以产生熔融的镍相; 和（viii）通过氧化来精炼熔融镍相以产生具有低铁含量的金属镍产品。
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