公开(公告)号：US10062933B2

公开(公告)日：2018-08-28

申请号：US15145256

申请日：2016-05-03

申请人： Johnson Controls Technology Company

发明人： Matthew A. Spence

IPC分类号： H01M10/54 ,  C22B3/00 ,  C25C1/18 ,  C25C7/00 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/56 ,  H01M10/12

CPC分类号： H01M10/54 ,  C22B13/045 ,  C25C1/18 ,  C25C7/007 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/56 ,  H01M10/12 ,  Y02P10/212 ,  Y02W30/84

摘要： The present disclosure relates generally to recycling lead-acid batteries, and more specifically, relates to purifying and recycling the lead content from lead-acid batteries. A method includes reacting a lead-bearing material with a first carboxylate source to generate a first lead carboxylate. The method includes reacting the first lead carboxylate with a second carboxylate source to generate a second lead carboxylate. The method further includes applying an electrical bias to an aqueous solution of the second lead carboxylate to generate metallic lead.

公开(公告)号：US20170159191A1

公开(公告)日：2017-06-08

申请号：US14957026

申请日：2015-12-02

申请人： Aqua Metals Inc.

发明人： Robert Lewis Clarke ,  Samaresh Mohanta

IPC分类号： C25C1/18 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25C7/08 ,  C22B3/04 ,  C22B3/12 ,  C22B3/08 ,  C22B3/16 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C22B3/00

CPC分类号： C25C1/18 ,  C22B3/045 ,  C22B3/08 ,  C22B3/12 ,  C22B3/16 ,  C22B13/045 ,  C25C7/007 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C25C7/08 ,  Y02P10/234 ,  Y02W30/84

摘要： Lead is recycled from lead paste of lead acid batteries in a process that employs alkaline desulfurization followed by formation of plumbite that is then electrolytically converted to pure lead. Remaining insoluble lead dioxide is removed from the lead plumbite solution and reduced to produce lead oxide that can be fed back to the recovery system. Sulfate is recovered as sodium sulfate, while the so produced lead oxide can be added to lead paste for recovery.

公开(公告)号：US20150159286A1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-11

申请号：US14401617

申请日：2013-05-15

申请人： Lynas Services Pty Ltd

发明人： Jeffery Keniry ,  Anthony Rudland Kjar

IPC分类号： C25C7/00 ,  C25C3/34

CPC分类号： C25C7/005 ,  C25C3/34 ,  C25C7/007

摘要： An electrolytic cell for production of rare earth metals is disclosed. The electrolytic cell includes a cell housing provided with one or more inclined channels disposed in a floor of the cell housing along which channel(s) molten rare earth metals produced in the electrolytic cell can drain. One or more cathodes are suspended within the cell housing in substantially vertical alignment with the one or more channels. Respective opposing surfaces of the one or more cathodes are downwardly and outwardly inclined at an angle from the vertical. One or more pairs of anodes are suspended within the cell housing; each anode in the one or more pairs has a facing surface inclined from the vertical and spaced apart in parallel alignment with respective opposing inclined surfaces of the one or more cathodes to define a substantially constant anode-cathode distance therebetween. The electrolytic cell also includes a sump for receiving molten rare earth metals from the channel, wherein the sump is spaced apart and isolated from the one or more cathodes and the one or more anodes. Separation of the molten rare earth metals from the cathode(s) and the anode(s) prevents reaction and/or contamination with fugitive carbon arising from the anode(s) or back reaction with off gases.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于生产稀土金属的电解槽。 所述电解槽包括设置有一个或多个倾斜通道的电池壳体，所述倾斜通道设置在所述电池壳体的底板中，所述电解槽中产生的熔融稀土金属沿着所述倾斜通道排出。 一个或多个阴极以与该一个或多个通道基本垂直对准的方式悬挂在电池壳体内。 一个或多个阴极的相对的相对表面与垂直方向成一定角度向下并向外倾斜。 一对或多对阳极悬挂在电池壳体内; 一对或多对中的每个阳极具有从垂直方向倾斜并且与所述一个或多个阴极的相应相对的倾斜表面平行对齐并间隔开的面对表面，以在它们之间限定基本恒定的阳极 - 阴极距离。 电解池还包括用于从通道接收熔融稀土金属的贮槽，其中所述贮槽与所述一个或多个阴极和所述一个或多个阳极隔开并隔离。 从阴极和阳极分离熔融的稀土金属防止由阳极产生的逸散碳或与废气反向反应的反应和/或污染。

公开(公告)号：US20120193240A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-02

申请号：US13354396

申请日：2012-01-20

申请人： Sue B. Clark ,  Paul D. Schumacher

发明人： Sue B. Clark ,  Paul D. Schumacher

IPC分类号： C25B11/12 ,  C25D5/54

CPC分类号： C25C1/22 ,  C25C7/007 ,  C25C7/02

摘要： A carbon paste electrode is modified with a chemical agent that is selective for a plurality of lanthanides and actinides (f-series) elements. The modified carbon paste electrode selectively has different voltages applied thereto where a first voltage is used to cause the deposition of one or more lanthanides or actinides from an industrial or environmental sample onto the electrode, and, subsequent to removal of the electrode from the sample and insertion into a second sample where concentration of lanthanides or actinides is preferred, a second voltage is used to cause the deposited lanthanides and/or actinides to be discharged from the electrode for concentration into the second sample.

摘要翻译： 碳糊电极用对多种镧系元素和锕系元素（f-系）元素有选择性的化学试剂进行改性。 改性碳糊电极选择性地具有施加到其上的不同电压，其中使用第一电压使一种或多种镧系元素或锕系元素从工业​​或环境样品沉积到电极上，并且在从样品中除去电极之后， 插入到其中优选镧系元素或锕系元素浓度的第二样品中，使用第二电压使沉积的镧系元素和/或锕系元素从电极中排出，以便浓缩到第二样品中。

公开(公告)号：US20120091009A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

申请号：US13377976

申请日：2010-06-14

申请人： Min Young Choi ,  Byung Sun Han ,  Tae Gyun Kim ,  Yong Sul Song

发明人： Min Young Choi ,  Byung Sun Han ,  Tae Gyun Kim ,  Yong Sul Song

IPC分类号： C25C1/20 ,  C25C7/00 ,  B82Y99/00 ,  B82Y40/00

CPC分类号： B22F1/0018 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C25C1/20 ,  C25C5/02 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25C7/007

摘要： Provided is a method and apparatus for producing silver nanoparticles in uniform shape and size using an electrolysis eco-friendly and in a simple way. The silver nanoparticles producing method includes the steps of: dissolving a reducing agent and an electrolyte into water in a reaction vessel to thereby prepare an electrolytic solution; placing a cathode rod that is made of a material different from that of silver nanoparticles to be obtained in the electrolytic solution so as to rotate in the reaction vessel, and placing at least one anode made of silver (Ag) at a certain distance from the cathode rod; ionizing the silver at the anode by an electrolysis in which direct-current (DC) power is applied between the cathode rod and the anode while rotating the cathode rod, so as to suppress silver crystallines on the surface of the cathode rod while stirring the electrolytic solution, to thereby form silver ions in the electrolytic solution; and reducing the silver ions by the reducing agent to thereby form the silver nanoparticles.

摘要翻译： 提供一种使用电解环境友好且简单的方式制造均匀形状和尺寸的银纳米粒子的方法和装置。 银纳米粒子的制造方法包括以下步骤：将还原剂和电解质溶解在反应容器内的水中，制备电解液; 将由不同于银纳米颗粒的材料制成的阴极棒放置在电解液中以便在反应容器中旋转，并且将至少一个由银（Ag）制成的阳极放置在与 阴极棒 通过在旋转阴极棒的同时在阴极杆和阳极之间施加直流（DC）电力的电解使阳极电离，以便在搅拌电解液的同时抑制阴极棒表面上的银结晶 从而在电解液中形成银离子; 并通过还原剂还原银离子，从而形成银纳米颗粒。

公开(公告)号：US08114258B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

申请号：US11575187

申请日：2005-09-13

申请人： Guenther Huber ,  Michael Lutz ,  Michael Wille ,  Holger Friedrich ,  Josef Guth ,  Uwe Behling ,  Axel Franke ,  Elisabeth Gunkel

发明人： Guenther Huber ,  Michael Lutz ,  Michael Wille ,  Holger Friedrich ,  Josef Guth ,  Uwe Behling ,  Axel Franke ,  Elisabeth Gunkel

IPC分类号： C25D17/00 ,  C25B9/14

CPC分类号： C25C7/005 ,  C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/007

摘要： An electrolysis device producing alkali metals from a liquid alkali metal heavy metal alloy, including at least two connected tubes forming an electrolysis unit. Two solid electrolyte tubes are arranged concentrically in each tube and oriented with openings towards one end of each tube such that a first annular gap for guiding a liquid alkali metal forming an anode is located between the inside of the tube and the outside of the solid electrolyte tubes. An alloy inlet and outlet for the liquid alkali metal in each of the tubes leads into the first annular gap of a tube. An inner chamber sealed off from the alloy inlet, first annular gap, and alloy outlet in each solid electrolyte tube receives liquid alkali metal that can be used as a cathode connected to the alkali metal outlet. Two respective closure devices are arranged at the two ends of each tube.

摘要翻译： 一种从液态碱金属重金属合金制造碱金属的电解装置，包括形成电解单元的至少两个连接管。 两个固体电解质管同心地布置在每个管中并且朝向每个管的一端定向开口，使得用于引导形成阳极的液态碱金属的第一环形间隙位于管的内部和固体电解质的外部之间 管。 每个管中的液态碱金属的合金入口和出口通向管的第一环形间隙。 在每个固体电解质管中的合金入口，第一环形间隙和合金出口密封的内室容纳可用作连接到碱金属出口的阴极的液态碱金属。 两个相应的闭合装置布置在每个管的两端。

公开(公告)号：US20060226027A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-12

申请号：US10561597

申请日：2004-06-21

申请人： Andrew Shook ,  Gregory Ridby ,  Ivan Ratchev

发明人： Andrew Shook ,  Gregory Ridby ,  Ivan Ratchev

IPC分类号： C25F1/00 ,  C25C3/08

CPC分类号： C25C7/007 ,  C22B1/2406 ,  C22B5/02 ,  C22B34/129 ,  C25C3/28 ,  C25C5/04 ,  C25C7/025

摘要： An electrolytic cell for electrochemically reducing metal oxide powders and/or pellets is disclosed. The cell includes a cathode (25) in the form of a plate that has an upper surface for supporting metal oxide powders and/or pellets. The plate is horizontally disposed or slightly inclined and has a forward end and a rearward end and is immersed in an electrolyte bath. The plate is supported for movement so as to cause metal oxide powders and/or pellets on the upper surface of the plate to move toward a forward end of the plate. The cell also includes a means for causing metal oxide powders and/or pellets to move over the upper surface of the plate toward the forward end of the cathode while in contact with molten electrolyte whereby electrochemical reduction of the metal oxide to metal can occur. A method of continuously or semi-continuously reducing metal oxide powders and/or pellets in the cell is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于电化学还原金属氧化物粉末和/或丸粒的电解池。 电池包括板形式的阴极（25），其具有用于支撑金属氧化物粉末和/或颗粒的上表面。 该板水平放置或稍微倾斜，并具有前端和后端，并浸入电解液浴中。 支撑板移动，以使板的上表面上的金属氧化物粉末和/或颗粒向板的前端移动。 电池还包括使金属氧化物粉末和/或丸粒在与熔融电解液接触的同时朝向阴极的前端移动到板的上表面上的装置，由此可以发生金属氧化物到金属的电化学还原。 还公开了在电池中连续或半连续还原金属氧化物粉末和/或丸粒的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4530748A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-23

申请号：US611112

申请日：1984-05-17

申请人： Stanley M. Zuwala ,  Lloyd D. Cass

发明人： Stanley M. Zuwala ,  Lloyd D. Cass

IPC分类号： C25C7/00

CPC分类号： C25C7/007

摘要： Novel apparatus of the rotating cathode type for the electrolytic recovery of silver from spent photographic processing solutions is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a tank, at least one cylindrical cathode carried for rotation in the tank about a vertical axis, and for each cathode, at least one vertically disposed slat-like anode positioned with respect to the cathode surface so as to define a vertically elongated venturi between the cathode and the anode, the narrowest section of each venturi being substantially along a vertical edge of each anode, and preferably being not substantially more than about one inch in dimension. Each anode preferably is substantially parallel to a tangent drawn to the cathode surface opposite the vertical edge of the anode at the narrowest section of the venturi. The vertical edge of each anode at the narrowest section of the venturi preferably has a ninety-degree or sharper corner, whereby the strength of the electric field is concentrated in the region of the venturi. The cross-sectional area of the cathode or cathodes is preferably at least ten percent of the cross-sectional area of the tank, for good mass transfer of solution in the apparatus.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于从废照相处理溶液中电解回收银的旋转阴极型新型装置。 该装置包括一个罐，至少一个圆柱形阴极，用于围绕垂直轴线在罐中旋转，并且对于每个阴极，至少一个垂直设置的板状阳极相对于阴极表面定位，以便限定垂直伸长 文氏管在阴极和阳极之间，每个文丘里管的最窄部分基本上沿着每个阳极的垂直边缘，并且优选地基本上不大于大约一英寸。 每个阳极优选地基本上平行于在文丘里管的最窄部分处与阳极的垂直边缘相对的阴极表面处的切线。 文丘里管最窄部分处的每个阳极的垂直边缘优选具有九十度或更尖锐的拐角，由此电场的强度集中在文氏管的区域中。 阴极或阴极的横截面面积优选为罐的横截面面积的至少十分之一，以便在设备中良好的质量传递溶液。

公开(公告)号：US4169033A

公开(公告)日：1979-09-25

申请号：US917112

申请日：1978-06-19

申请人： Kenneth M. Dunagan

发明人： Kenneth M. Dunagan

IPC分类号： C25C7/00 ,  C25B11/02

CPC分类号： C25C7/007

摘要： An improved electroplating cell comprising a cathode coaxially aligned with an anode in a solution containing metal ions, the cathode having a plurality of vane sections extending substantially radially therefrom at spaced intervals along the length thereof.

摘要翻译： 一种改进的电镀电池，包括在含有金属离子的溶液中与阳极同轴对准的阴极，所述阴极具有沿着其长度以间隔间隔大致径向延伸的多个叶片部分。

公开(公告)号：US4097354A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-27

申请号：US685305

申请日：1976-05-11

申请人： Marco V. Ginatta

发明人： Marco V. Ginatta

IPC分类号： C25C1/00 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B15/00 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25C1/12 ,  C25C1/18 ,  C25C7/02

CPC分类号： C25C7/007 ,  C25B15/00 ,  C25B9/00

摘要： A process and apparatus for the continuous electrolytic refining and electrochemical extraction of elements and compounds, in which cathodes and anodes, connected to a D.C. power supply, are continuously moved through a tank containing electrolyte along parallel paths with the direction of movement of the cathodes being opposite that of the anodes. Since the effective area of the cathodes increases as the effective area of the anodes decreases, the opposite motion of the anodes and cathodes tends to equalize the effective areas of the cathodes and anodes in close proximity with one another along the entire length of travel through the tank, thus allowing a higher current density to be maintained, and a high quality deposit on the cathodes. The cathodes and/or anodes can be in the form of a continuous sheet or a series of individual plates. Also, when continuous cathodes are used, the concentration of additives can be reduced, and thus the efficiency increased, by guiding the lower edge of the cathode in a groove which shields this edge, while allowing the upper edge of the continuous cathode to protrude above the surface of the electrolyte, thus preventing irregular edge deposits and allowing deposits only on the flat continuous surface of the cathodes.

摘要翻译： 用于连续电解精炼和电化学提取元件和化合物的方法和装置，其中连接到直流电源的阴极和阳极连续地沿着平行路径移动通过包含电解质的槽，阴极的移动方向为 与阳极相反。 由于阴极的有效面积随着阳极的有效面积减小而增加，所以阳极和阴极的相反运动趋向于使阴极和阳极的有效面积彼此相近地沿着整个行进长度相等 罐，从而允许保持更高的电流密度，并且在阴极上存在高质量的沉积物。 阴极和/或阳极可以是连续片或一系列单独的板的形式。 此外，当使用连续阴极时，可以通过在屏蔽该边缘的沟槽中引导阴极的下边缘，同时允许连续阴极的上边缘突出到上方，从而降低添加剂的浓度，从而提高效率 电解质的表面，从而防止不规则的边缘沉积并且仅允许沉积在阴极的平坦的连续表面上。