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    Ultrasonic bone testing apparatus with repeatable positioning and repeatable coupling
    3.
    发明授权
    Ultrasonic bone testing apparatus with repeatable positioning and repeatable coupling 失效
    超声波骨测试仪具有重复定位和可重复耦合

    公开(公告)号：US6004272A

    公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

    申请号：US477580

    申请日：1995-06-07

    申请人： Donald Barry ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Daniel W. Hawkins ,  Dennis G. Lamser ,  John P. O'Brien ,  Jay A. Stein ,  Kevin E. Wilson

    发明人： Donald Barry ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Daniel W. Hawkins ,  Dennis G. Lamser ,  John P. O'Brien ,  Jay A. Stein ,  Kevin E. Wilson

    IPC分类号： A61B8/00 ,  A61B5/107 ,  A61B8/08

    CPC分类号： A61B5/1074 ,  A61B8/0875

    摘要： An ultrasonic bone testing apparatus has a foot well assembly and a shin guide assembly which are mechanically coupled to secure a foot and lower leg of patient. The shin guide assembly includes a molded form lined with contoured foam lining. An instep support guide having sliding blocks is mounted on the molded form. The sliding blocks attach the shin guide assembly to the foot well assembly. The apparatus further includes a transducer drive mechanism for positioning a pair of transducer assemblies. A controller automatically modifies the positioning of the transducer assemblies until ultrasonic coupling is achieved and a receiving transducer receives a signal of a predetermined quality. The distance between the transducers is continuously measured by a position encoder. The controller uses temperature readings from a temperature sensor to improve the accuracy of the position encoder measurements and correct for temperature dependent inaccuracy in the ultrasound measurement. A coupling pad and acoustical delay line of the transducer assembly provide a waveguide function to collimate an acoustical beam. The elastomer coupling pad has an angled surface which expels air bubbles from a contact area when pressure is applied to the pad.

    摘要翻译： 一种超声波骨测试装置具有脚部组件和一个机械联接以固定患者的脚和小腿的引导组件。 胫骨导向组件包括一个内衬有轮廓的泡沫衬里的模制形式。 具有滑块的脚背支撑引导件安装在模制形式上。 滑动块将引导组件附接到脚部组件。 该装置还包括用于定位一对换能器组件的换能器驱动机构。 控制器自动修改换能器组件的定位，直到实现超声波耦合并且接收换能器接收到预定质量的信号。 换能器之间的距离由位置编码器连续测量。 控制器使用温度传感器的温度读数来提高位置编码器测量的精度，并校正超声测量中与温度有关的不准确度。 换能器组件的耦合垫和声学延迟线提供用于准直声波束的波导功能。 弹性体联接垫具有成角度的表面，当压力施加到垫时，其从接触区域排出气泡。

    Ultrasonic bone testing apparatus with repeatable positioning and repeatable coupling
    4.
    发明授权
    Ultrasonic bone testing apparatus with repeatable positioning and repeatable coupling 有权
    超声波骨测试仪具有重复定位和可重复耦合

    公开(公告)号：US6135964A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

    申请号：US374138

    申请日：1999-08-10

    申请人： Donald Barry ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Daniel W. Hawkins ,  Dennis G. Lamser ,  John P. O'Brien ,  Jay A. Stein ,  Kevin E. Wilson

    发明人： Donald Barry ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Daniel W. Hawkins ,  Dennis G. Lamser ,  John P. O'Brien ,  Jay A. Stein ,  Kevin E. Wilson

    IPC分类号： A61B8/00 ,  A61B5/107 ,  A61B8/08

    CPC分类号： A61B5/1074 ,  A61B8/0875

    摘要： An ultrasonic bone testing apparatus has a foot well assembly and a shin guide assembly which are mechanically coupled to secure a foot and lower leg of patient during the measurement process. The shin guide assembly includes a molded form which has a shin restraint section, an instep guide section and a foot restraint section. An instep support guide having sliding blocks is mounted on the molded form. The sliding blocks are inserted into respective channels of respective bridge brackets of the foot well assembly to attach the shin guide assembly to the foot well assembly. The apparatus further includes a transducer drive mechanism for positioning a pair of transducer assemblies. A controller automatically modifies the positioning of the transducer assemblies until ultrasonic coupling is achieved and a receiving transducer receives a signal of a predetermined quality. A coupling pad and acoustical delay line of the transducer assembly provide a waveguide function to collimate an acoustical beam a sufficient distance along a propagation axis to allow wavefronts to evolve onto a more uniform intensity pattern. The elastomer coupling pad has an angled surface which expels air bubbles from a contact area when pressure is applied to the pad.

    摘要翻译： 超声骨测试装置具有脚部组件和引导组件，其在测量过程中机械联接以固定患者的脚和小腿。 引导组件包括具有胫部约束部分，脚背引导部分和脚部约束部分的模制形式。 具有滑块的脚背支撑引导件安装在模制形式上。 将滑动块插入到足部井组件的相应桥架支架的相应通道中，以将胫骨引导组件附接到脚部组件。 该装置还包括用于定位一对换能器组件的换能器驱动机构。 控制器自动修改换能器组件的定位，直到实现超声波耦合并且接收换能器接收到预定质量的信号。 换能器组件的耦合垫和声学延迟线提供了波导功能，以沿着传播轴线对声束进行校准足够的距离，以允许波前演化成更均匀的强度图案。 弹性体联接垫具有成角度的表面，当压力施加到垫时，其从接触区域排出气泡。

    Bone densitometry using x-ray imaging systems
    5.
    发明授权
    Bone densitometry using x-ray imaging systems 失效
    使用x射线成像系统的骨密度测定

    公开(公告)号：US5949846A

    公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

    申请号：US794615

    申请日：1997-02-03

    申请人： Jay A. Stein ,  Howard P. Weiss ,  Vincent E. Quinn ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  John A. Shepherd ,  Kevin E. Wilson

    发明人： Jay A. Stein ,  Howard P. Weiss ,  Vincent E. Quinn ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  John A. Shepherd ,  Kevin E. Wilson

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  G01N23/00

    CPC分类号： A61B6/505

    摘要： A method of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) of a selected region of bone in a small body portion (such as a limb or extremity), using a mini C-arm x-ray fluoroscopic imaging system to acquire the data from which the BMD is calculated. Apparatus for performing the method includes a tray for positioning the small body portion in the x-ray beam path of the imaging system and a sample of bone of predetermined density supported by the tray in side-by-side relation to the selected region of bone.

    摘要翻译： 使用小型C型臂X射线透视成像系统来测量小体部（例如肢体或肢体）中骨骼的选定区域的骨矿物质密度（BMD）的方法，以获取BMD 被计算。 用于执行该方法的装置包括用于将小体部分定位在成像系统的x射线束路径中的托盘和由托盘支撑的预定密度的骨样品与所选择的骨区域并排关系 。

    X-ray bone densitometry system having forearm positioning assembly
    6.
    发明授权
    X-ray bone densitometry system having forearm positioning assembly 失效
    X射线骨密度测定系统具有前臂定位组件

    公开(公告)号：US5657369A

    公开(公告)日：1997-08-12

    申请号：US428044

    申请日：1995-04-25

    申请人： Jay A. Stein ,  Steven Teta ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Tracy L. Ramsdell ,  Tina LeFebvre ,  Russell J. Gershman

    发明人： Jay A. Stein ,  Steven Teta ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Tracy L. Ramsdell ,  Tina LeFebvre ,  Russell J. Gershman

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/04 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/08 ,  G21K1/10 ,  G21K5/10 ,  H05G1/00

    CPC分类号： A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/0421 ,  A61B6/0457 ,  A61B6/08 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/488 ,  A61B6/505 ,  G21K1/10 ,  A61B6/405 ,  A61B6/548 ,  A61B6/583

    摘要： An x-ray bone densitometry system having an apparatus for positioning body parts is provided. The system includes a patient table having a length extending along a Y-axis and a width extending along an X-axis, a C-arm supporting an x-ray source at one side and an x-ray detector at an opposite side of the table, wherein the source and detector are aligned along a source-detector axis which is transverse to the Y-axis. The source is selectively energized and emits a fan beam of x-rays which conforms to a beam plane which is transverse to the Y-axis and contains the source-detector axis. A forearm positioner is removably supported on the table and includes an arm rest portion positioned at a selected distance along the X-axis from an edge of the table. A hand supporting member is configured to fit within the arm rest portion to maintain the position of a patient's hand in a predetermined shape when the source is energized.

    摘要翻译： 提供了具有用于定位身体部位的装置的x射线骨密度测定系统。 该系统包括具有沿着Y轴延伸的长度和沿X轴延伸的宽度的患者台，支撑一侧的x射线源的C形臂和在一侧的X射线检测器 表格，其中源和检测器沿着横向于Y轴的源 - 检测器轴对齐。 源被选择性地通电并且发射符合垂直于Y轴并且包含源检测器轴线的束平面的X射线的扇形束。 前臂定位器可移除地支撑在工作台上，并且包括从桌子的边缘沿着X轴定位在选定距离的扶手部分。 手部支撑构件配置成装配在扶手部分内，以在源被激励时将患者的手的位置保持在预定的形状。

    X-ray bone densitometry using a vertically scanning gantry
    8.
    发明授权
    X-ray bone densitometry using a vertically scanning gantry 失效
    使用垂直扫描架的X射线骨密度测定

    公开(公告)号：US6102567A

    公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

    申请号：US649280

    申请日：1996-05-17

    申请人： Richard E. Cabral ,  Jay A. Stein

    发明人： Richard E. Cabral ,  Jay A. Stein

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  H05G1/02

    CPC分类号： A61B6/4441 ,  A61B6/4233 ,  A61B6/4241 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/505

    摘要： The present invention provides a system that reduces the complexity of existing dual energy x-ray equipment which typically requires more complicated mechanisms to measure bone density, to a system with a single axis of mechanical motion and with a patient providing repositioning motions. This configuration allows for a much more compact design and smaller equipment "footprint," thus taking up less floor space in examination rooms and allowing for multiple uses of one room. The system of the present invention eliminates the need for a patient support table which can affect x-ray transmission because of the thickness and construction of the table which are dictated by the weight of the patient. The system includes a main cabinet or gantry enclosure which contains an x-ray source and ancillary support electronics and mechanisms. An extension arm positions a detector assembly on a side of the patient opposite to the source assembly and fixes the distance between the source and detector assemblies. The source and detector assemblies are capable of making dual energy bone measurements. The source assembly, detector assembly and extension arm form a gantry and the source assembly and detector assembly are confined to move in unison in a vertical scanning motion. A drive mechanism in conjunction with a precision guide rail provides a stable, smooth vertical scanning motion of the gantry. A counter balance system is provided to reduce the forces required to move the gantry. In addition, the extension arm may either fold or retract into the main cabinet to reduce the system volume when not in use.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种降低现有双能量x射线设备的复杂性的系统，其通常需要更复杂的机构来测量骨密度，具有单轴机械运动的系统，并且患者提供重新定位运动。 这种配置允许更紧凑的设计和更小的设备“占地面积”，从而占用较少的检查室的占地面积，并允许一个房间的多次使用。 本发明的系统消除了由于由患者的重量所决定的桌子的厚度和结构，可能影响x射线透射的患者支撑台的需要。 该系统包括一个主机柜或龙门架，其中包含一个x射线源和辅助支持电子设备和机构。 延伸臂将检测器组件定位在与源组件相对的一侧上，并固定源和检测器组件之间的距离。 源和检测器组件能够进行双能量骨测量。 源组件，检测器组件和延伸臂形成龙门架，并且源组件和检测器组件被限制为在垂直扫描运动中一致地移动。 与精密导轨结合的驱动机构提供了台架的稳定，平滑的垂直扫描运动。 提供了平衡系统以减少移动机架所需的力。 此外，延伸臂可以折叠或缩回主机柜，以在不使用时减小系统体积。

    Whole-body x-ray bone densitometry using a narrow-angle fan beam, including variable fan beam displacement between scan passes
    9.
    发明授权
    Whole-body x-ray bone densitometry using a narrow-angle fan beam, including variable fan beam displacement between scan passes 失效
    全身x射线骨密度测定使用窄角扇形束，包括扫描通道之间的可变扇形光束位移

    公开(公告)号：US5838765A

    公开(公告)日：1998-11-17

    申请号：US486368

    申请日：1995-06-07

    申请人： Russell J. Gershman ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Noah Berger ,  Jay A. Stein

    发明人： Russell J. Gershman ,  Richard E. Cabral ,  Noah Berger ,  Jay A. Stein

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/04 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/08 ,  G21K1/10 ,  G21K5/10

    CPC分类号： A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/0421 ,  A61B6/0457 ,  A61B6/08 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/488 ,  A61B6/505 ,  G21K1/10 ,  A61B6/405 ,  A61B6/548 ,  A61B6/583

    摘要： A whole body x-ray bone densitometry system includes a table extending parallel to a Y-axis of an XYZ coordinate system for supporting a patient at a patient position; an x-ray source for emitting a narrow angle fan beam of x-rays to irradiate at any one time a scan line which is transverse to the Y-axis and is substantially shorter than the width of a body cross-section of a typical adult patient occupying the patient position. An x-ray detector is aligned with the source along a source-detector axis which is transverse to the Y-axis, for receiving x-rays from the source within the angle of the fan beam after passage thereof through the patient position. The detector has a number of detecting elements arranged along a direction transverse to the Y-axis and to the source-detector axis. A source-detector support on which the source and detector are mounted at opposite sides of the patient position is coupled with a scanning mechanism moving at least one of the patient table and the source-detector support relative to the other to scan the patient position with the narrow angle fan beam in successive scans parallel to the Y-axis in which the source-detector axis is at different angles relative to the patient position as between different ones of successive scans, but in each of the successive scans, an origin of the fan beam in the source is at the same vertical distance from the patient table. The distance between the fan beam origin and the table may be selectively varied between scan passes, in order to vary scan pass magnification.

    摘要翻译： 全身x射线骨密度测定系统包括平行于XYZ坐标系的Y轴延伸的表，用于将病人支撑在患者位置; x射线源，用于发射X射线的窄角扇形束，以在任何一个时刻照射横向于Y轴的扫描线，并且基本上比典型成年人的身体横截面的宽度短 患者占据病人的位置。 X射线检测器沿着横向于Y轴的源 - 检测器轴与源对准，用于在通过患者位置之后在扇形束的角度内从源收到X射线。 检测器具有沿横向于Y轴和源检测器轴线的方向布置的多个检测元件。 源和检测器安装在患者位置的相对侧处的源检测器支撑件与扫描机构联接，扫描机构相对于另一个移动患者台和源检测器支撑件中的至少一个，以扫描患者位置， 平行于Y轴的连续扫描中的窄角风扇光束，其中源 - 检测器轴线相对于患者位置处于不同的连续扫描之间的不同角度，但是在每个连续扫描中， 源中的扇形光束与患者台处于相同的垂直距离。 可以在扫描通过之间选择性地改变风扇光束原点和台之间的距离，以便改变扫描通过倍率。

    X-ray bone densitometry using multiple pass scanning with image blending
    10.
    发明授权
    X-ray bone densitometry using multiple pass scanning with image blending 失效
    X射线骨密度测定使用图像混合的多遍扫描

    公开(公告)号：US5715820A

    公开(公告)日：1998-02-10

    申请号：US465736

    申请日：1995-06-06

    申请人： Jay A. Stein ,  Noah Berger ,  Richard E. Cabral

    发明人： Jay A. Stein ,  Noah Berger ,  Richard E. Cabral

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/04 ,  A61B5/00

    CPC分类号： A61B6/4441 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/505 ,  A61B6/5241 ,  A61B6/0457 ,  A61B6/405 ,  A61B6/548

    摘要： The system of the present invention uses x-rays having a narrow fan beam to scan patients for bone density and soft tissue body composition measurement and imaging. In addition to single pass scanning of body parts such as the spine, hip and forearm, a method for multiple pass whole body scanning is provided. The system includes a movable scan table configured to support a patient and a C-arm associated with the table. The C-arm is configured to support an x-ray source in opposite to an x-ray detector at opposite sides of the patient. A scanning mechanism is provided to move the scan table and C-arm to scan the patient with overlapping adjacent x-ray fan beams in successive scan passes along the length of the patient. A scan pass combination scheme that blends areas of overlap is employed to compensate errors related to height dependency. The blending is performed according to the height of the part of patient scanned in the overlap and the distance from the edge of the scan pass.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的系统使用具有窄风扇束的x射线来扫描患者的骨密度和软组织体成分测量和成像。 除了对脊椎，臀部和前臂等身体部位进行单次扫描之外，还提供了多遍全身扫描的方法。 该系统包括可移动的扫描台，其构造成支撑患者和与该桌子相关联的C形臂。 C形臂被配置为在患者的相对侧处与X射线检测器相对的X射线源支撑。 提供扫描机构以移动扫描台和C臂以沿着患者长度的连续扫描通过扫描具有重叠的相邻x射线扇形束的患者。 采用混合重叠区域的扫描通过组合方案来补偿与高度相关性相关的错误。 根据在重叠中扫描的患者的部分的高度和与扫描通过的边缘的距离来进行混合。