摘要:
A mixture of fine-particle mineral coal and a fine-particle solid carrier of carbon is stored in a bulk store from which the mixture is withdrawn and continuously blown into a shaft furnace, e.g. a blast furnace. Sufficient carbon carrier is used to loosen the mixture and to prevent it from caking and sticking. A suitable carbon carrier is particulate compost obtained by rotting household refuse or sewage sludge.
摘要:
A process for increasing the extent of afterburning of carbon monoxide formed during the decarburization of iron melts by the action of oxygen is presented. This process is accomplished by delivering a finely divided catalyst to the space above the iron bath. The catalyst may be comprised of any number of catalysts which promote carbon monoxide afterburning, and is preferably a metal oxide compound. The catalyst is preferably delivered via an oxygen blowing lance and effectively increases carbon monoxide afterburning even at very high temperatures.
摘要:
A melt is contained in a vessel having below the level of the melt an at least gas-pervious wall portion. First the slag is removed, normally by pouring it off, from the melt. Then a finely divided treatment solids suspended in a gas is introduced through the wall portion into the melt. The melt reacts thoroughly with these solids. Immediately deslagging the melt substantially reduces its ability to pick up nitrogen or hydrogen. This can be enhanced by the further step, prior to introduction of the suspension, of adding pure lime to the melt to form a protective layer thereon. The vehicle gas for the powder of course is inert, normally argon. The vessel can also be sealed up with a tight cover after addition of pure lime to it and before introduction of the suspension. Otherwise in the subsequent desulfurizing nitrogen and hydrogen will enter into the metal matrix, especially if there is an appropriate slag present.
摘要:
A process and apparatus are presented for the direct production of molten iron from iron oxide ores in a metallurgical vessel. The process and apparatus involve decarbonization by oxygen blowing of an existing iron melt which has a carbon content above 1% and is covered with a slag layer. Heat is produced and the slag is oxidized and increased by foam formation. The thickness of the slag layer is continuously monitored, and overfoaming is prevented by directing into the melt an inert gas stream via charging units in the bottom of the vessel to counteract the formation of foam. Pulverized ore and carbon in an inert carrier gas are introduced into the slag foam through charging units in the vessel walls above the metal level. Blowing of oxygen and the injection of inert gas are regulated so that the slag level is essentially maintained at a fixed maximum height.
摘要:
A method of producing molten iron in which iron oxide is fed together with carbon to an oxygen-top-blown melt from below through blocks whose pores permit the particles to be entrained into the melt in a carrier gas, the pores preventing penetration of the molten metal.
摘要:
A method for sealing the connection between two sheet piles, this connection being achieved by using claws integrated with the sheet piles. Prior to the interlocking of the sheet piles, a jointing band of an elastic, compressible and/or hydroswellable organic material is stuck to the claw of at least one of the sheet piles. The method further includes fixing a metal sheet to the free surface of the band, and then interlocking the sheet piles. The invention also provides a sheet pile comprising a claw provided with a band of an elastic, compressible and/or hydroswellable organic material, characterized in that the outer surface of the band is at least partly covered with a metal sheet which is connected to the band.
摘要:
Heat and melt-refining reactants are simultaneously delivered to a metal melt by introducing into the melt a filled wire comprising a metal sheath and a mixture of an oxygen supplier and a metal oxygen acceptor capable of undergoing exothermic reaction to produce the melt-refining substances.
摘要:
A system for treating, normally refining, a metallurgical melt has a melt-containing vessel having below the level of the melt an at least gas-pervious wall portion. A finely divided treatment solids is suspended in a treatment gas and this suspension is introduced through the pervious wall portion into the melt and reacting the melt with the gas and solids. The wall portion has openings oriented so that the gases and particles can pass into the vessel through them, but the molten metal therein cannot enter them. A plurality of such gas-and particle-pervious inserts are provided in the base of the crucible. They can be individually controlled relative to respective sensors provided above the melt. Thus exothermically reacting gases and/or particles are fed in under cold spots, or endothermically reacting gases and/or particles are fed in under hot spots.