摘要:
An ultracapacitor based power storage device suitable for use in hybrid fuel cell systems and other power systems includes circuitry for simulating the response of a battery. A voltage current limiting circuit may be employed with a variety of electrical storage devices, for example, ultracapacitors and batteries.
摘要:
A fuel cell system electrically couples a battery in parallel with the fuel cell stack to power a load. An operational condition of the battery is compared to a desired operating condition and a partial pressure of a reactant flow to at least a portion of the fuel cell stack is adjusted based on the determined amount of deviation. The operational condition can include voltage, charge of the battery. Individual fuel cell systems can be combined in series and/or parallel to produce a combined fuel cell system having a desired output voltage and current.
摘要:
Current pulsing improves the performance of fuel cells in a fuel cell stack based power system. Voltage clamping limits the voltage peaks that occur after a current pulse. In a hybrid power system, an electric storage device supplies the loads during current pulsing. The electric storage device may sink current to achieve the voltage clamping, and/or power system may employ other the voltage clamping circuits.
摘要:
A fuel cell system determines each of a battery charging current error, a battery voltage error, and a stack current error. The fuel cell system regulates current through a series pass element in response to a greater of the determined errors. Thus, the fuel cell system operates in three modes: battery voltage limiting mode, stack current limiting mode and battery charging current limiting mode. Additionally, there can be a fourth nullsaturationnull mode where the stack voltage VS drops below the battery voltage VB as the load pulls even more current. Individual fuel cell systems can be combined in series and/or parallel to produce a combined fuel cell system having a desired output voltage and current.
摘要:
An array of fuel cell systems are electrically couplable in series and/or parallel combinations to provide a variety of output powers, output current and/or output voltages. The fuel cell systems are nullhot swappablenull and redundant fuel cell systems may automatically replace faulty fuel cell systems to maintain output power, current and/or voltage, with or without switching. The configuration of fuel cell systems may be automatic and may be based on desired power, current and/or voltage, and/or based on the operating parameters of the fuel cell systems and/or power supply system.
摘要:
A black start operation employs the accumulation of power resulting from a reaction of fuel and ambient oxidant passively seeped or diffused into a fuel cell stack to bootstrap the fuel cell system operation.
摘要:
An electric power plant includes an array of fuel cell systems. The fuel cell systems are electrically couplable in series and/or parallel combinations to provide a variety of output powers, output current and/or output voltages. The fuel cell systems are nullhot swappablenull and redundant fuel cell systems may automatically replace faulty fuel cell systems to maintain output power, current and/or voltage.
摘要:
An array of fuel cell systems are electrically couplable in series and/or parallel combinations to provide a variety of output powers, output current and/or output voltages. The fuel cell systems are nullhot swappablenull and redundant fuel cell systems may automatically replace faulty fuel cell systems to maintain output power, current and/or voltage, with or without switching. The configuration of fuel cell systems may be automatic and may be based on desired power, current and/or voltage, and/or based on the operating parameters of the fuel cell systems and/or power supply system.