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公开(公告)号：US6026913A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US940352
申请日：1997-09-30
IPC分类号： E21B47/022 , E21B47/02
CPC分类号： E21B47/02208
摘要： The invention is a device and related method of finding from at least one receiver the location of a source of a transmitted acoustic signal. Both signal source and signal receiver are downhole. The invention uses either or both the triangulation method and the holographic method to determine signal location.The triangulation technique uses the relationships existing in Pythagorean's theorem to find source location. In contrast, the holographic technique uses a known velocity structure to assign propagation velocities to volume cells surrounding the receiver. By variational calculus, a ray path and start time may be assigned to a hypothetical source location for a particular receiver position. This is repeated for each receiver position. Where the hypothetical source locations and start times match for multiple receiver locations, the likely position of a source has been found.
摘要翻译： 本发明是从至少一个接收机发现所发送的声信号的源的位置的装置和相关方法。 信号源和信号接收器都是井下的。 本发明使用三角测量方法和全息方法中的一个或两者来确定信号位置。 三角测量技术使用毕达哥拉斯定理中存在的关系找到源位置。 相比之下，全息技术使用已知的速度结构来将传播速度分配给接收器周围的体积单元。 通过变分微积分，射线路径和开始时间可被分配给特定接收器位置的假想源位置。 对于每个接收器位置重复这一点。 假设源位置和起始时间与多个接收器位置匹配的情况下，可以找到源的可能位置。
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2.发明授权Sensor configuration for nulling reverberations to image behind reflective layers 失效传感器配置用于使反射层后面的图像归零
公开(公告)号：US6002639A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-14
申请号：US856115
申请日：1997-05-14
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A transducer configuration disposed within a wellbore sonde for acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a transmitting transducer for producing a transmitted acoustic beamspread pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the transmitting transducer and a transmitting main lobe beyond the transmitting collimated zone. The transducer configuration also includes a receiving transducer disposed adjacent the transmitting transducer. The receiving transducer includes an acoustic signal reception pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the receiving transducer and a receiving main lobe beyond the receiving insonified zone. A beamspread angle defines an amplitude contour forming an outer periphery of the transmitting and receiving main lobes. Intersection of the transmitting and receiving main lobes behind but not within an acoustically reflective layer allows the transducer configuration to null reverberation energy from the acoustically reflective material and enhance acoustic energy received from the less reflective material disposed behind the highly reflective material.
摘要翻译： 设置在井筒探测器内的换能器配置用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像，包括发射换能器，用于产生由具有大致等于发射换能器的宽度的宽度的扩散区限定的透射声束扩展图案， 主瓣超出发射准直区。 换能器配置还包括邻近发射换能器设置的接收换能器。 接收换能器包括由具有近似等于接收换能器的宽度的宽度的增强区限定的声学信号接收图案和超出接收声音区的接收主瓣。 光束展开角度定义了形成发射和接收主瓣的外周的振幅轮廓。 发射和接收主波瓣在后面但不在声反射层内的交叉允许换能器配置将来自声反射材料的混响能量消除，并增强从设置在高反射材料后面的较小反射材料接收的声能。
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3.发明授权System and method for processing acoustic signals to image behind reflective layers 失效将声信号处理成反射层后的图像的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5995447A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US856114
申请日：1997-05-14
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A system for acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a transducer configuration for acquiring acoustic image data from the reflective layer and target region, wherein the reflective layer and target region are divided into voxels circumferentially disposed about a central point. The system includes a mechanism for processing the data comprising a transmitting transducer for transmitting a first acoustic pulse, a receiving transducer for detecting a first arrival of a first acoustic reflection signal associated with the first acoustic pulse, and a mechanism for suppressing multiple reflected signals from the acoustic reflection signal associated with the first acoustic pulse, wherein the suppressing mechanism facilitates the acquisition of image data from the target region. The system may also include a mechanism which filters and compresses acoustic data downhole, transmits data uphole and which reassembles data uphole for conversion into an image on standard computer display equipment.
摘要翻译： 用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像的系统包括用于从反射层和目标区域获取声像数据的换能器配置，其中反射层和目标区域被分成围绕中心点周向设置的体元。 该系统包括用于处理数据的机构，该机构包括用于发送第一声学脉冲的发射换能器，用于检测与第一声学脉冲相关联的第一声反射信号的第一次到达的接收换能器，以及用于抑制来自 与第一声学脉冲相关联的声反射信号，其中抑制机构有助于从目标区域获取图像数据。 该系统还可以包括一个机构，用于对井下的声学数据进行滤波和压缩，在井上传输数据，并重新组装数据，以便在标准计算机显示设备上转换为图像。
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4.发明授权System and method for providing dual distance transducers to image behind an acoustically reflective layer 失效用于提供双距离换能器以在声反射层之后成像的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6125079A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US856113
申请日：1997-05-14
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A transducer configuration for use in acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a sonde having a geometrical center and constructed and arranged to support a plurality of transducers. The system includes a first transducer disposed within the sonde at a first distance from the geometrical center for generating a first acoustic pulse and for receiving a first acoustic signal. The acoustic signal comprises a first reflection from the reflective surface, a first set of fluid multiples arising from reflections between the reflective layer and a surface of the first transducer, and a first signal associated with the target area. The system also includes a second transducer disposed within the sonde at a second distance from the geometrical center for generating a second acoustic pulse and for receiving a second acoustic signal. The second acoustic comprises a second reflection from the reflective surface, a second set of fluid multiples arising from reflections between the reflective layer and a surface of the second transducer and a second signal associated with the target area. A mechanism for receiving and processing signals received by the first and second transducers at time intervals which occur between receipt of the first and second sets of fluid multiples, respectively, wherein signal values at time intervals between receipt of fluid multiples provide acoustic waveforms associated with the target region. Each target region, therefore, has a time interval on at least one of the two waveforms which is free of fluid multiples.
摘要翻译： 用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像的换能器配置包括具有几何中心并被构造和布置成支撑多个换能器的探空器。 该系统包括设置在探头内距离几何中心第一距离处的第一换能器，用于产生第一声脉冲并用于接收第一声信号。 声信号包括来自反射表面的第一反射，由反射层和第一换能器的表面之间的反射产生的第一组流体倍数，以及与目标区域相关联的第一信号。 系统还包括设置在探头内距离几何中心第二距离处的第二换能器，用于产生第二声脉冲并接收第二声信号。 第二声波包括来自反射表面的第二反射，由反射层和第二换能器的表面之间的反射产生的第二组流体倍数和与目标区域相关联的第二信号。 一种用于分别接收和处理由第一和第二组流体倍数接收之间出现的时间间隔由第一和第二换能器接收的信号的机构，其中在接收流体倍数之间的时间间隔处的信号值提供与 目标区域。 因此，每个目标区域在没有流体倍数的两个波形中的至少一个上具有时间间隔。
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5.发明授权Dipole/monopole acoustic transmitter, methods for making and using same in down hole tools 有权偶极/单极声发射器，在井下工具中制作和使用相同的方法
公开(公告)号：US6102152A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US335988
申请日：1999-06-18
CPC分类号： G01V1/52
摘要： A sonic or acoustic tool is disclosed which includes a transmitter with reduced transmitter spawned noise. The transmitters are either monopole or dipole depending on the orientation of ports in a chamber divided by a piston driven by an actuator. The transmitter size is limited only by the diameter of the tools itself because the transmitters are oriented within the tool parallel to the axis of the tool.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种声音或声学工具，其包括具有减小的发射器产生噪声的发射器。 发射器是单极或偶极，这取决于腔室中的端口的方向，除以由致动器驱动的活塞。 变送器尺寸仅由工具本身的直径限制，因为变送器在平行于工具轴线的工具内定向。
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公开(公告)号：US6021093A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US856112
申请日：1997-05-14
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A transducer configuration of an acoustic sensing tool for determining the consistency of a first medium disposed between a layer having a greater acoustic reflectivity than the first medium and a second medium, the sensing tool including a rotating head, wherein the tool comprises first, second and third transducer pairs in a spaced apart configuration, each pair comprising a transmitting transducer for transmitting an acoustic radiation signal in an insonified zone, and receiving transducer having a receiving radiation pattern in a insonified zone, wherein the space between the transmitting and receiving transducers in each pair is constructed and arranged to allow the transmitting and receiving insonified zones to intersect behind but not in the acoustically reflective layer to null reverberation energy therefrom. The tool also includes a centerline of radiation from each transmitting transducer that propagates and refracts through the reflective layer such that all transmitting centerlines intersect in an intersection near voxel, wherein the intersection voxel is interrogated by all three transducer pairs substantially simultaneously at nearly a single azimuthal head position, such that any occlusion is interrogated from three different directions, thereby facilitating determination of occlusion surface orientation.
摘要翻译： 用于确定布置在具有比第一介质更大的声反射率的层之间的第一介质和第二介质的一致性的声学感测工具的传感器配置，所述感测工具包括旋转头，其中所述工具包括第一和第二介质 第三传感器对以间隔开的配置，每对包括用于在未加密区域中传输声辐射信号的发射换能器，以及在第一增强区域中接收具有接收辐射图的换能器，其中每个发射和接收换能器之间的空间 对被构造和布置成允许发送和接收的声音区域在后面而不是在声反射层中相交，以消除其中的混响能量。 该工具还包括来自每个发射换能器的辐射的中心线，其传播和折射通过反射层，使得所有发射中心线在体素附近的交叉点相交，其中所述三个换能器对基本同时以几乎一个方位角询问交叉体素 头位置，使得从三个不同方向询问任何闭塞，从而有助于确定闭塞表面取向。
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公开(公告)号：US5841734A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US870116
申请日：1997-06-05
申请人： Thomas E. Ritter , James Robert Birchak , James W. Stroud , Mack H. Brown , James E. Masino , John W. Minear
发明人： Thomas E. Ritter , James Robert Birchak , James W. Stroud , Mack H. Brown , James E. Masino , John W. Minear
CPC分类号： G01V1/52 , E21B47/0005 , Y10S367/911 , Y10S367/912
摘要： An apparatus for logging a borehole comprises a non-rotating component and a rotating component that is flexibly attached to the non-rotating component and includes a logging head. The rotating component is centralized independently from the non-rotating component such that the rotating component remains centralized as it rotates, regardless of whether the non-rotating component is centralized. The logging head includes at least one signaling device, a hydrostatic pressure balancing system, a sealed, variable-volume fluid reservoir in fluid communication with said transducer, and a motor housed in said logging head for rotating the rotating component. The apparatus can further include a second non-rotating component suspended below the rotating component.
摘要翻译： 用于记录井眼的装置包括非旋转部件和旋转部件，其被柔性地附接到非旋转部件并且包括测井头。 旋转部件独立于非旋转部件集中，使得旋转部件随着其旋转而保持集中，而不管非旋转部件是否集中。 记录头包括至少一个信号装置，静水压力平衡系统，与所述换能器流体连通的密封可变容积流体储存器，以及容纳在所述测井头中用于旋转旋转部件的马达。 该装置还可包括悬挂在旋转部件下方的第二非旋转部件。
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公开(公告)号：US4947683A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-14
申请号：US389134
申请日：1989-08-03
申请人： John W. Minear , Randy Gold
发明人： John W. Minear , Randy Gold
CPC分类号： E21B47/101 , G01F1/663 , G01P5/244
摘要： A measuring device for use in a producing well is set forth. It includes a sonde having upper and lower centralizers to define an annular flow space therearound. In the preferred embodiment, a motor driven sensor preferably a piezoelectric combination transmitter and receiver is, included to transmit and then receive ultrasonic pulses. They are transmitted downwardly from the housing into fluid flowing in the well. Reflective interfaces are defined by material differences. Gas bubbles droplets and particles in the fluid flow and phases between oil and water, etc. form reflective interfaces to create a scattering effect to transmitted ultrasonic pulses so that a return pulse is formed. The pulses encodes fluid flow velocity as a result of the Doppler shift.
摘要翻译： 阐述了一种用于生产井的测量装置。 它包括具有上和下扶正器的探空器，以在其周围限定环形流动空间。 在优选实施例中，包括用于传送并接收超声波脉冲的电机驱动传感器，优选地是压电组合发射器和接收器。 它们从壳体向下传送到在井中流动的流体。 反射界面由物质差异定义。 气泡中的液滴和颗粒以及油和水之间的相位等形成反射界面，以对传输的超声波脉冲产生散射效应，从而形成返回脉冲。 脉冲编码作为多普勒频移的结果的流体流速。
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9.发明授权Transducer forming compression and shear waves for use in acoustic well logging 失效用于声学测井的传感器形成压缩和剪切波
公开(公告)号：US4700803A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-20
申请号：US912283
申请日：1986-09-29
申请人： A. J. Mallett , John W. Minear
发明人： A. J. Mallett , John W. Minear
CPC分类号： G01V1/52 , B06B1/08 , Y10S181/402 , Y10S367/912
摘要： For use in acoustic logging, an acoustic wave transducer system forming both compression and shear waves is disclosed, the system having the preferred form of a plurality of radially directed magnetostrictive expansion means, being N in number, each having a transducer plate affixed to the outer end thereof and further including means for providing a current to a coil wound thereabout forming flux initiating magnetostrictive expansion and contraction to form compression or shear waves.
摘要翻译： 为了在声学测井中使用，公开了形成压缩和剪切波的声波换能器系统，该系统具有多个径向磁致伸缩装置的优选形式，数量为N，每个具有固定到外部的换能器板 并且还包括用于向缠绕在其上的线圈提供电流的装置，其形成磁通引发磁致伸缩膨胀和收缩以形成压缩或剪切波。
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公开(公告)号：US4869349A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US266717
申请日：1988-11-03
申请人： John W. Minear , David C. Rathmann
发明人： John W. Minear , David C. Rathmann
CPC分类号： G10K9/121 , G01V1/145 , Y10S367/912
摘要： A flexcompressional acoustic transducer is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, multiple parallel magnetostrictive rods provided with coils are coupled through a plate affixed to a radiating element. The radiating element in one embodiment is an elongate hollow cylinder which is closed at both ends. Vibrations from the magnetostrictive members cause the cylinder to radially flex, creating an omnidirectional acoustic wave transmitted radially outwardly, the apparatus being positioned in a sonde for connecting an acoustic wave front through the wall of the sonde for transmission into the surrounding wellbore fluids and the adjacent formations.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种柔性压缩声换能器。 在优选和示出的实施例中，设置有线圈的多个平行磁致伸缩杆通过固定到辐射元件的板耦合。 在一个实施例中的辐射元件是在两端封闭的细长的中空圆筒。 来自磁致伸缩构件的振动导致气缸径向弯曲，产生径向向外传播的全向声波，该设备被定位在探空仪中，用于将声波前端连接到探空仪的壁上，以便传播到周围的井筒流体和相邻 地层。
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