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公开(公告)号：US4062662A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-13
申请号：US739580
申请日：1976-11-08
申请人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Karl Kaiser , Kurt Wissel
发明人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Karl Kaiser , Kurt Wissel
CPC分类号： B01D3/22 , B01D19/0015
摘要： In a degassing column with several perforated plates arranged over one another and at a distance from one another in a column housing there is left free, between each plate and the column housing, a gap which is as small as possible and is uniform over the periphery, and the apertures in the plates have a diameter of less than 5 mm. Each plate is penetrated by at least one eccentrically arranged draining shaft, and at least one eccentrically arranged feed shaft ends above each plate. Finally, below each feed shaft on the plate an area is impermeable which is at least as large as the cross-section of the feed shaft.
摘要翻译： 在具有多个彼此排列并且在柱壳体中彼此间隔一定距离的多个穿孔板的脱气柱中，在每个板和柱壳体之间留有自由，间隙尽可能小并且在周边上是均匀的 ，并且板中的孔具有小于5mm的直径。 每个板由至少一个偏心布置的排水轴穿透，并且至少一个偏心布置的进给轴在每个板上方终止。 最后，在板上的每个进料轴下方，不可渗透的区域至少与进料轴的横截面一样大。
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公开(公告)号：US4266949A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US65190
申请日：1979-08-09
申请人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Kurt Wissel , Karl Kaiser
发明人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Kurt Wissel , Karl Kaiser
CPC分类号： B01D19/0042 , B01D19/0015 , B01D3/22
摘要： A degassing column comprising a tubular shell provided with a plurality of apertured plates; the plates are vertically spaced within said shell; a gap uniform in width over the periphery is left between each plate and said shell; each of said plates is penetrated by at least one eccentrically arranged conduit comprising a draining shaft in the upper portion thereof and a feed shaft in the lower portion below the penetrated plate; the apertures in said plates have a diameter of less than 5 mm; and a surface portion of each plate underneath each conduit is impermeable, said impermeable surface portion being one to two times the cross-section of said conduit. More specifically, each plate is supported by a plurality of generally wedge-shaped mountings fastened to the inside of the shell, and by a ring which is level with the said mountings and is fastened to the inside of the shell, the ring being interrupted at least in the regions of the said mountings. A capping sleeve is slipped over each draining shaft. The capping sleeve comprises an upper portion whose cross-section is similar to that of the draining shaft, and a lower portion of larger cross-section, which lower portion overlaps and is securely connected to the upper portion.
摘要翻译： 一种脱气塔，包括设置有多个有孔板的管状壳体; 板在所述壳体内垂直间隔开; 在每个板和所述壳之间留有在周边上宽度均匀的间隙; 每个所述板被至少一个偏心布置的管道贯穿，所述导管在其上部包括排水轴，下部的进料轴在穿透板下方穿透; 所述板中的孔具有小于5mm的直径; 并且每个管道下面的每个板的表面部分是不可渗透的，所述不可渗透表面部分是所述导管的横截面的一至两倍。 更具体地，每个板由固定到壳体的内部的多个大致楔形的支架以及与所述安装件平齐且紧固到壳体内部的环支撑，环被中断在 至少在所述安装件的区域中。 每个排水轴上都有一个压盖套。 该封盖套筒包括其横截面与排水轴的截面相似的上部和较大横截面的下部，该下部重叠并牢固地连接到上部。
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公开(公告)号：US4148990A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-10
申请号：US831156
申请日：1977-09-07
申请人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Karl Kaiser , Rudolf Wesselmann
发明人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Karl Kaiser , Rudolf Wesselmann
摘要： An aqueous polymer dispersion containing approximately 1 to 60 weight % of solid polymer particles with an average size of 20 to 500 microns and 5000 to 15,000 ppm of monomer(s), is freed from monomeric material. More specifically, the aqueous dispersion is preheated to 60.degree. to 90.degree. C. and introduced continuously into an upper portion of a column accommodating a plurality of apertured trays disposed one above another of which each has at least one eccentric aqueous dispersion descent shaft. The aqueous dispersion is introduced at a rate of a 5 to 35 m.sup.3 per m.sup.2 of tray area per hour and contacted countercurrently with steam at 80.degree. to 150.degree. C., under 0.5 to 5 bars, and in a proportion of 30 to 100 kg of steam per m.sup.3 of dispersion, for a mean period of 1 to 30 minutes; the pressure drop for steam ascending through one tray in the column being lower than that which would occur upon the undesirable passage of steam through one of the said shafts. At the column base, aqueous dispersion freed from monomeric material is removed and a vapor mixture emerging at an upper level of the column, is condensed, and monomeric material and an aqueous phase are recovered therefrom.
摘要翻译： 含有约1至60重量％的平均尺寸为20至500微米的固体聚合物颗粒和5000至15,000ppm的单体的含水聚合物分散体不含单体材料。 更具体地说，将水分散体预热至60℃至90℃，并连续引入容纳多个有孔托盘的塔的上部，其中一个有孔托盘分别具有至少一个偏心水分散体下降轴。 以每小时每小时托盘面积5至35立方米的速率引入水分散体，并在80至150℃，0.5至5巴和30至100公斤的比例下与蒸汽逆流接触 每立方米分散体蒸汽，平均1〜30分钟; 通过塔中的一个托盘上升的蒸汽的压降低于在不希望的蒸汽通过其中一个所述轴时会发生的压降。 在柱基上，除去单体材料中除去的水分散体，并将在塔的上层出现的蒸汽混合物冷凝，并回收单体材料和水相。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4260847A
公开(公告)日：1981-04-07
申请号：US116320
申请日：1980-01-28
申请人： Karl Kaiser , Robert Willms , Bernhard Kuxdorf
发明人： Karl Kaiser , Robert Willms , Bernhard Kuxdorf
CPC分类号： C08F6/10
摘要： The invention relates to an improved process, wherein polyolefins are freed from saturated liquid residual hydrocarbons with the aid of water and steam. The improvement comprisesA. introducing the hydrocarbon-containing polyolefin into an aqueous emulsifier-containing solution having a surface tension at 20.degree. C. of about 50 to 60 dynes/cm with respect to air; stirring the resulting mixture and converting it to a homogeneous dispersion, the aqueous dispersion containing about 10 to 40 weight % of the polyolefin;B. introducing the dispersion into the upper portion of a column provided with 5 to 30 sieve plates and overflow weirs and contacting the dispersion in countercurrent fashion with steam of about 100.degree. to 120.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种改进的方法，其中借助于水和蒸汽，聚烯烃可以从饱和的液体残余烃中除去。 改进包括A.将含烃聚烯烃引入相对于空气的约50至60达因/厘米的表面张力在20℃的含水乳化剂溶液中; 搅拌所得混合物并将其转化成均匀的分散体，该含水分散体含有约10-40重量％的聚烯烃; B.将分散体引入设置有5至30个筛板和溢流堰的塔的上部，并将该分散体与约100-120℃的蒸汽逆流接触。
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公开(公告)号：US4032410A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-28
申请号：US678651
申请日：1976-04-20
摘要： A distillation column comprising a shell which has serially arranged therein a plurality of distilling trays with respective liquid inlets and outlets. An annular slit of substantially uniform width is left between the individual trays and the shell. The slit may be interrupted by a plurality of spacers which bear against the inner surface of the shell, and the spacers are provided around the periphery of the individual trays.
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公开(公告)号：US4672142A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-09
申请号：US419084
申请日：1982-09-16
IPC分类号： B01J27/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C17/00 , C07C17/02 , C07C17/383 , C07C19/045 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： C07C19/045 , C07C17/02 , C07C17/383
摘要： The disclosure relates to a process for making 1,2-dichloroethane by reacting ethylene and chlorine in a reaction zone having a liquid medium containing chlorinated C.sub.2 -hydrocarbons circulated therein. To this end, the disclosure provides:(a) for approximately equimolar proportions of ethylene and chlorine to be introduced into the circulated liquid medium; for the whole to be reacted in a reaction zone at a temperature of about 75.degree. up to 200.degree. C. under a pressure of about 1 up to 15 bars, the mean sojourn time of the reaction mixture in the mixing zone and reaction zone being equal to about 1 to 15 hours;(b) for a portion of liquid reaction mixture to be removed from the reaction zone and subdivided into two streams, for one of these streams to be passed through a heat exchanger for the abstraction of calorific energy and reduction of its initial temperature, and for it to be recycled to the mixing and reaction zone; for the second stream to be introduced into an expansion vessel and for proportions corresponding to the quantity of reaction product formed in the reaction zone to be evaporated therein; for resulting vaporous matter to be introduced into a fractionating column, unevaporated liquid matter of the second stream being recycled into the liquid medium circulated in the mixing and reaction zone; and(c) for 1,2-dichloroethane to be distillatively separated from the vaporous matter introduced into the fractionating column with the use of a portion of the heat energy transferred inside the heat exchanger and for the 1,2-dichloroethane to be removed overhead.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及在具有在其中循环的含有氯代C 2-烃的液体介质的反应区中使乙烯和氯反应制备1,2-二氯乙烷的方法。 为此，本公开内容提供：（a）将大约等摩尔比例的乙烯和氯引入循环液体介质中; 在整个反应区中，在约1至15巴的压力下，在约75℃至200℃的温度下在反应区中反应，反应混合物在混合区和反应区中的平均停留时间为 等于约1至15小时; （b）一部分液体反应混合物从反应区域中除去并再细分为两股，其中一条流通过一个热交换器，用于抽出热能并降低其初始温度; 它被再循环到混合和反应区; 将第二物流引入膨胀容器中，并且其比例对应于在其中蒸发的反应区中形成的反应产物的量; 为了使所得到的蒸汽物质被引入分馏塔中，第二物流的未蒸发的液体物质被循环到在混合和反应区中循环的液体介质中; 和（c）将1,2-二氯乙烷与引入分馏塔的蒸汽物质蒸馏分离，使用热交换器内部传递的一部分热能，并将1,2-二氯乙烷从塔顶馏去 。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4603039A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-29
申请号：US741482
申请日：1985-06-05
申请人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Peter Luhr , Ursus Thummler , Hugo Werner , Walter Klemm
发明人： Bernhard Kuxdorf , Peter Luhr , Ursus Thummler , Hugo Werner , Walter Klemm
CPC分类号： C01B25/20 , C01B25/12 , Y02P20/129
摘要： The disclosure relates to a process for making phosphorus pentoxide by subjecting elemental yellow phosphorus to combustion with dried air inside a steel-made combustion chamber with utilization of the reaction heat for the production of energy. To this end, the disclosure provides for the combustion to be effected inside a combustion chamber of which the walls are arranged so as to form a cooling system with cavities therein; for water or a water/steam-mixture as a heat carrier abstracting the reaction heat to be circulated through the cooling system, the water or water/steam-mixture assuming an increased temperature being circulated, preferably under increased pressure; for steam formed in the cooling system to be continuously taken therefrom; for an equivalent proportion of fresh desalted water to be introduced into the cooling system; for hot gaseous phosphorus pentoxide issuing from the combustion chamber to be condensed or worked up into phosphoric acid; for the steam taken from the cooling system to be passed through a steam delivery pipe disposed in the upper portion of the combustion chamber, or through a delivery conduit for product gas containing phosphorus pentoxide; for the steam to be heated therein to a temperature of 400.degree. to 600.degree. C. under constant pressure, and for the steam so superheated to be used.
摘要翻译： 本公开内容涉及通过利用反应热用于生产能量的方法，通过使元素黄磷与干燥的空气在钢制燃烧室内燃烧来制备五氧化二磷的方法。 为此，本公开提供了在燃烧室内进行燃烧，其中壁的布置以便形成其中具有空腔的冷却系统; 对于作为热载体的水或水/蒸汽混合物，其提取要循环通过冷却系统的反应热，假定温度升高的水或水/蒸汽混合物优选在增加的压力下循环; 对于在冷却系统中形成的蒸汽连续从其中取出; 将相当比例的新鲜脱盐水引入冷却系统; 从燃烧室排出的热气态五氧化二磷被冷凝或加工成磷酸; 用于从冷却系统取出的蒸汽通过设置在燃烧室上部的蒸汽输送管，或通过含有五氧化二磷的产物气体的输送管道; 使蒸汽在恒定压力下加热到400至600℃的温度，并使蒸汽过热使用。
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8.发明授权Process and apparatus for making phosphorus pentoxide with utilization of reaction heat 失效利用反应热制造五氧化二磷的工艺和装置
公开(公告)号：US4525329A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-25
申请号：US601027
申请日：1984-04-16
CPC分类号： C01B25/12 , B01J19/0013 , B01J2219/00094
摘要： The disclosure relates to a process for making phosphorus pentoxide by subjecting elemental yellow phosphorus to combustion with dried air inside a steel-made combustion chamber with utilization of the reaction heat for the production of energy. To this end, the disclosure provides for the combustion to be effected inside a combustion chamber of which the walls are arranged so as to form a cooling system with cavities therein; for a liquid or liquid/steam-mixture as a heat carrier abstracting the reaction heat to be circulated through the cooling system, the liquid or liquid/steam-mixture assuming an increased temperature being preferably so circulated under increased pressure; for steam formed in the cooling system to be continuously taken therefrom; for an equivalent proportion of fresh liquid to be introduced into the cooling system; for hot P.sub.2 O.sub.5 issuing in vapor form from the combustion chamber to be condensed or worked up into desirable final product, the combustion chamber being a cylindrical vessel with a height/diameter-ratio of 2.5:1 to 5:1 and having 1 to 10 burners disposed axisymmetrically in its circular base plate.The disclosure also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process.
摘要翻译： 本公开内容涉及通过利用反应热用于生产能量的方法，通过使元素黄磷与干燥的空气在钢制燃烧室内燃烧来制备五氧化二磷的方法。 为此，本公开提供了在燃烧室内进行燃烧，其中壁的布置以便形成其中具有空腔的冷却系统; 对于作为热载体的液体或液体/蒸汽混合物，其提取要循环通过冷却系统的反应热，假设温度升高的液体或液体/蒸汽混合物优选在增加的压力下循环; 对于在冷却系统中形成的蒸汽连续从其中取出; 将相当比例的新鲜液体引入冷却系统; 对于来自燃烧室的蒸汽形式的热P2O5将被冷凝或加工成所需的最终产品，燃烧室是高度/直径比为2.5:1至5:1的圆柱形容器，并具有1至10个燃烧器 在其圆形基板中轴对称设置。 本公开还涉及一种用于执行该过程的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4379131A
公开(公告)日：1983-04-05
申请号：US297159
申请日：1981-08-28
IPC分类号： C01B25/12
CPC分类号： C01B25/12
摘要： The invention relates to process for making phosphorus pentoxide by subjecting elementary phosphorus to a combustion reaction with the aid of air, the reaction heat being utilized for the production of energy. To this end, the invention provides for the phosphorus to be subjected to combustion with dry air containing, per m.sup.3, 5 g down to 0.01 g of water, inside a combustion chamber of which the metallic walls are arranged so as to form a cooling system with cavities therein and for a liquid and liquid/steam-mixture, respectively, to be circulated through the cooling system under pressure within the range 1 to 150 bars, the liquid or mixture assuming a temperature of more than 150.degree. C. up to 500.degree. C. Steam which is formed in the cooling system is continuously taken therefrom and replaced by an equivalent proportion of fresh liquid.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使空气中的元素磷进行燃烧反应来制备五氧化二磷的方法，反应热用于生产能量。 为此，本发明提供了在含有每立方米5克下降至0.01克水的干燥空气中将磷燃烧的磷在其燃烧室内设置金属壁以形成冷却系统 其中分别具有腔室和液体/液体/蒸气混合物，在压力范围为1至150巴的条件下分别循环通过冷却系统，液体或混合物的温度高于150℃至500℃ 在冷却系统中形成的蒸汽被连续地从其中取出并被等量的新鲜液体代替。
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