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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6121336A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US267723
申请日：1994-06-28
IPC分类号： C08J9/00
CPC分类号： C08J9/0066 , C08J9/0061 , C08J2375/04 , C08J2483/00
摘要： Polyurethane foams prepared using polysiloxane/polyoxyalkylene surfactants, preferably blended with a viscosity modifying agent, particularly in combination with particulate silica, especially silica aerogel, exhibit improved thermal insulating capacity, as measured by K-factor, and improved closed cell content, without increasing the density of the polyurethane foam.
摘要翻译： 使用聚硅氧烷/聚氧化烯表面活性剂制备的聚氨酯泡沫，优选与粘度改进剂共混，特别是与颗粒二氧化硅，特别是二氧化硅气凝胶组合，表现出改善的隔热能力，如通过K因子测量的，并且改善闭孔含量，而不增加 聚氨酯泡沫的密度。
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公开(公告)号：US5746992A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US539461
申请日：1995-10-05
IPC分类号： C01B33/158
CPC分类号： C01B33/1585
摘要： Liquid comprising from 93 to 100 percent by weight alcohol is removed from silica alcogel at subcritical temperature to produce silica aerogel. The silica aerogel produced by the method of the present invention not only has high porosity, but in most instances it also has a narrow distribution of small pore sizes. The silica aerogel is preferably reduced in size so as to form particulate silica aerogel.
摘要翻译： 在亚临界温度下从二氧化硅凝胶上除去包含93-100重量％醇的液体，生成二氧化硅气凝胶。 通过本发明的方法制备的二氧化硅气凝胶不仅具有高孔隙率，而且在大多数情况下也具有狭窄的小孔径分布。 二氧化硅气凝胶的尺寸优选减小以形成颗粒状二氧化硅气凝胶。
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公开(公告)号：US4754012A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-28
申请号：US914860
申请日：1986-10-03
申请人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
发明人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
IPC分类号： C09D183/04 , C09D183/14 , C08G77/00
CPC分类号： C09D183/14 , C09D183/04
摘要： A multi-component organoalkoxysilane/metal alkoxide sol-gel composition and method for its production are disclosed whereby an organoalkoxysilane of the general formulaR.sub.x Si(OR').sub.4-xwherein R is an organic radical, R' is low molecular weight alkyl radical, and x is at least 1 and less than 4, is partially hydrolyzed, reacted with a mixture of metal alkoxides, and the resulting composition is further hydrolyzed and condensed to form an inorganic oxide network. The composition is dried and cured to form an abrasion-resistant coating on a substrate having improved properties in comparison with single metal alkoxide compositions.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种多组分有机烷氧基硅烷/金属醇盐溶胶凝胶组合物及其制备方法，其中通式为RxSi（OR'）4-x的有机烷氧基硅烷，其中R为有机基团，R'为低分子量烷基， 并且x至少为1且小于4，被部分水解，与金属醇盐的混合物反应，并将所得组合物进一步水解和缩合形成无机氧化物网络。 与单一金属醇盐组合物相比，组合物被干燥和固化以在基材上形成具有改进性能的耐磨涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US4465739A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-14
申请号：US434150
申请日：1982-10-13
申请人： Bulent E. Yoldas
发明人： Bulent E. Yoldas
IPC分类号： C01F7/36 , C03C1/00 , C03C3/12 , C03C17/02 , C03C17/25 , C07C29/68 , C07C31/32 , B32B15/00 , B05D3/02
CPC分类号： C03C17/25 , C01F7/36 , C03C1/008 , C03C17/02 , C03C3/125 , C01P2006/60 , C03C2217/214 , C03C2218/113 , Y10S65/901
摘要： Disclosed is a method of preparing a clear partially hydrolyzed aluminum alkoxide solution by mixing an aluminum alkoxide with about 0.4 to about 1 moles of water per mole of aluminum alkoxide in the presence of sufficient alcohol to give a maximum weight percent of equivalent alumina of 10%. The mixture is then heated until clear, which typically requires a temperature of about 40.degree. to about 60.degree. C. Then sufficient additional water is added to bring the number of moles of water per mole of alkoxide up to at least about 2. The water is added in the presence of sufficient alcohol to give a maximum weight percent of equivalent alumina of about 3%. A polymerized alumina glass can be prepared from the composition by heating it to a temperature of at least 500.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过在足够的醇存在下，将醇铝与约0.4至约1摩尔水/摩尔的烷氧基铝混合来制备澄清的部分水解的烷氧化铝溶液的方法，得到10％的当量氧化铝的最大重量百分比 。 然后将混合物加热至澄清，通常需要约40至约60℃的温度。然后加入足量的额外的水以使每摩尔醇盐的水摩尔数达到至少约2.水 在足够的醇存在下加入，得到约3％的最大重量百分比的当量氧化铝。 聚合的氧化铝玻璃可以通过将组合物加热到至少500℃的温度来制备。
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公开(公告)号：US4272588A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-09
申请号：US069214
申请日：1979-08-23
CPC分类号： G02B5/0833 , C03C17/36 , C03C17/3605 , C03C17/3644 , C03C17/3649 , C03C17/3663 , F24J2/1057 , G02B5/0891 , Y02E10/40
摘要： A mirror is made by applying a coating to a highly reflective surface of a substrate. The coating is prepared from a composition of an alkoxide having the general formula M(OR).sub.n, where M is 0 to 100% titanium, 0 to 25% silicon, 0 to 100% tantalum, or 0 to 15% of a metal ion which forms an alkoxide, R is alkyl from C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 and n is the valence of M, about 1.7 to about 8 moles of water per mole of alkoxide, sufficient alcohol to give a solids content of about 0.5 to about 15%, and a sufficient amount of a suitable acid to prevent cloudiness. The coated substrate is fired at about 200.degree. to about 600.degree. C. to form an oxide coating which is substantially oxygen impervious. Additional layers of the coating may be applied and fired until the oxide coating is about 200 to about 5000A thick, avoiding quarter-wave thicknesses.
摘要翻译： 通过将涂层施加到基底的高反射性表面来制造镜子。 涂层由具有通式M（OR）n的醇盐的组合物制备，其中M为0至100％的钛，0至25％的硅，0至100％的钽或0至15％的金属离子 其形成烷氧基，R是C1至C6的烷基，n是M的化合价，每摩尔醇盐约1.7至约8摩尔水，足够的醇以得到约0.5至约15％的固体含量，以及 足够量的合适的酸以防止混浊。 将涂覆的基材在约200℃至约600℃下焙烧以形成基本上不透氧的氧化物涂层。 可以施加和烧制涂层的附加层，直到氧化物涂层为约200至约5000A厚，避免四分之一波长厚度。
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公开(公告)号：US4828774A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US011085
申请日：1987-02-05
CPC分类号： C04B35/80 , C04B14/46 , C04B30/02 , C04B35/14 , Y10T428/249956 , Y10T428/249957 , Y10T428/249964 , Y10T428/24997 , Y10T428/30
摘要： A porous body consisting of a felted fibrous skeleton covered with and bonded together by a ceramic material is provided. Also provided are methods for making such a porous body which comprise the use of ceramic polymer solutions.
摘要翻译： 提供了由陶瓷材料覆盖并由陶瓷材料粘合在一起的被毡纤维骨架组成的多孔体。 还提供了制造这种多孔体的方法，其包括使用陶瓷聚合物溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US4753827A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-28
申请号：US914856
申请日：1986-10-03
申请人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
发明人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
IPC分类号： C09D183/04 , C09D183/14 , B05D3/02
CPC分类号： C09D183/14 , C09D183/04 , Y10T428/31663
摘要： An organoalkoxysilane/metal oxide sol-gel composition and method for its production are disclosed whereby an organoalkoxysilane of the general formulaR.sub.x Si(OR').sub.4-xwherein R is an organic radical, R' is a low molecular weight alkyl radical, and x is at least 1 and less than 4, is partially hydrolyzed in organic solution and reacted with a titanium or zirconium alkoxide of the general formula M(OR").sub.4 wherein M is titanium or zirconium and R" is a lower alkyl radical. The composition is hydrolyzed, dried and condensed to form an organosiloxane/metal oxide abrasion-resistant coating on a substrate.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种有机烷氧基硅烷/金属氧化物溶胶凝胶组合物及其制备方法，其中通式为RxSi（OR'）4-x的有机烷氧基硅烷，其中R为有机基团，R'为低分子量烷基，x为 至少1和小于4，在有机溶液中部分水解，并与通式M（OR“）4的钛或锆醇盐反应，其中M为钛或锆，R”为低级烷基。 将组合物水解，干燥并冷凝以在基材上形成有机硅氧烷/金属氧化物耐磨涂层。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4422965A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US176738
申请日：1980-08-11
CPC分类号： C03C1/002 , C03C1/006 , G21F9/162 , G21F9/305 , Y10S65/901
摘要： Disclosed is a process for containing a solution of nuclear waste, where the nuclear waste is at least 10% sodium or nitrate. A composition is prepared in an alcohol of about 1 to about 99% of a silicon alkoxide and about 1 to about 99% of a boron alkoxide. The pH of the nuclear waste solution is adjusted to about 4 to about 6 and the pH of the composition is adjusted to match. The composition is dried to about 50 to about 75% of its original volume and is mixed with up to about 30% of the solution of nuclear waste, thereby forming a gel. The mixture is dried and heated at up to about 500.degree. C. Finally, it is consolidated either by warm pressing at about 400.degree. to about 800.degree. C. at about 40,000 to about 100,000 psi, or by melting at about 700.degree. to about 1150.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包含核废料解决方案的方法，其中核废料为至少10％的钠或硝酸盐。 在约1至约99％的硅醇盐和约1至约99％的硼醇盐的醇中制备组合物。 将核废料溶液的pH调节至约4至约6，并调节组合物的pH以匹配。 将组合物干燥至其原始体积的约50至约75％，并与最多约30％的核废料溶液混合，从而形成凝胶。 将混合物干燥并在高达约500℃下加热。最后，通过在约400至约800℃下温度约40,000至约100,000psi或通过约700℃至约熔点 1150℃
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公开(公告)号：US4168960A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-25
申请号：US897323
申请日：1978-04-18
申请人： Bulent E. Yoldas
发明人： Bulent E. Yoldas
IPC分类号： H01L23/04 , H01L21/56 , H01L23/051 , H01L23/29 , H01L23/31
CPC分类号： H01L23/3171 , H01L21/56 , H01L23/051 , H01L23/3107 , H01L2924/0002
摘要： A glass encapsulated semiconductor diode and a method for glass encapsulation of a fusion to form a semiconductor diode is disclosed. The fusion comprises a body of semiconductor material having a PN junction therein and metal electrodes affixed to opposed major surfaces thereof. The fusion is encircled by a ring-shaped glass member with an inner surface of the ring-shaped glass member fused to an edge surface of the body of semiconductor material to form a protective layer overlying the PN junction. The ring-shaped glass member is formed and fused to the edge of the body of semiconductor material by placing the fushion and a prefabricated glass ring, preferably cut from stress relieved glass tubing, encircling the fusion in a furnace. A weight is applied to the upper surface of the prefabricated glass ring. An atmosphere comprising a predetermined mixture of nitrogen and water vapor is established in the fusion furnace and the temperature of the fusion furnace is increased and decreased in accordance with a predetermined program to cause the prefabricated glass ring to soften and fuse to the edge surface of the body of semiconductor material to form a protective layer, comprising the ring-shaped glass member, overlying the PN junction.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种玻璃封装的半导体二极管和用于融合以形成半导体二极管的玻璃封装的方法。 熔合物包括其中具有PN结的半导体材料体，并且固定在其相对的主表面上的金属电极。 熔合物被环形玻璃构件环绕，其中环形玻璃构件的内表面与半导体材料的主体的边缘表面融合，以形成覆盖PN结的保护层。 环形玻璃构件通过将缓冲垫和优选从应力释放的玻璃管切割的预制玻璃环环绕在熔炉中而形成并熔合到半导体材料的主体的边缘。 将重量施加到预制玻璃环的上表面。 在熔融炉中建立包含氮和水蒸汽的预定混合气体的气氛，并且根据预定的程序增加和减少熔炉的温度，以使预制的玻璃环软化并熔化到熔融炉的边缘表面 半导体材料体以形成保护层，包括覆盖PN结的环形玻璃构件。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4357427A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US312575
申请日：1981-10-19
IPC分类号： C01F7/00 , C01F7/02 , C01F7/36 , C04B35/115 , C04B35/44
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , C01F7/00 , C01F7/02 , C01F7/36 , C04B35/115 , C01P2004/52 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2006/80
摘要： Method for preparing finely divided high purity alumina doped with a small predetermined percentage of magnesia. In the preparation, there is first formed a mixed clear solution of aluminum alkoxide and a small amount of magnesium in the form of alkoxide or water soluble magnesium salt. There is then included with the clear solution a substantial excess of water over that required to completely hydrolyze the alkoxide and there is added thereto a small amount of selected acid which is effective to peptize the resulting slurry. The formed milky slurry is then allowed to become fully peptized to form a clear sol. The clear sol is converted to a finely divided and dried powder either by forming the sol into a gel, which is then dried, and mechanically reduced to a powder status or by spray drying the sol at elevated temperatures which produces the dried powder. Thereafter, the finely divided and dried powder is calcined at a temperature of from about 700.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C., with the crystalline structure of the powder predominately being that of a delta alumina. The preparation of this alumina is very economic and the resulting material is suitable for being isostatically pressed into a tubular form and then sintered to translucent tubular form to a density which closely approaches theoretical.
摘要翻译： 用于制备以预定百分比小的氧化镁掺杂的细分高纯氧化铝的方法。 在制备中，首先形成醇盐和水溶性镁盐形式的醇铝和少量镁的混合澄清溶液。 然后，与透明溶液一起包含相当于完全水解醇盐所需的水相当多的水，并且向其中加入少量选择的酸，其有效地胶化所得浆料。 然后使形成的乳状浆料变得完全胶溶以形成透明溶胶。 通过将溶胶形成凝胶然后将透明溶胶转化成细碎和干燥的粉末，然后干燥，机械还原成粉末状态，或通过在产生干燥粉末的高温下通过喷雾干燥溶胶。 此后，将细粉干燥的粉末在约700℃至约900℃的温度下煅烧，粉末的晶体结构主要为δ氧化铝。 该氧化铝的制备非常经济，所得材料适于均匀地压制成管状，然后烧结成半透明的管形，达到接近理论的密度。
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