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公开(公告)号：US09310508B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-12
申请号：US13521769
申请日：2010-06-29
IPC分类号： E21B7/04 , G01V3/12 , G01V3/30 , E21B47/0228 , E21B47/092 , G01V3/38
摘要： Various logging-while-drilling (LWD) systems and methods provide resistivity logging coupled with deep detection of elongated anomalies at acute angles, enabling effective geosteering without disrupting drilling operations and without requiring intervention in the operations of the existing well. One LWD system embodiment employs a tool having tilted antennas as the transmitter and the receiver, where at least one of the antennas is placed in the vicinity of the bit, making it possible to detect existing wells at distances of 50-100 feet. In some cases, the detection distance is increased by enhancing the visibility of the existing well using a contrast fluid treatment on target well, either to fill the bore or to surround the well with treated cement or fluids that invade the formation. At least one inversion method separates the inversion of formation parameters from the inversion of parameters specifying distance, direction, and orientation of the existing well.
摘要翻译： 各种采伐钻井（LWD）系统和方法提供电阻率测井，以及在锐角处深长检测细长异常，从而有效地理转向，而不会中断钻井作业，而不需要干预现有井的作业。 一个LWD系统实施例采用具有倾斜天线的工具作为发射器和接收器，其中至少一个天线被放置在钻头的附近，使得可以检测距离为50-100英尺的现有井。 在某些情况下，通过使用目标井上的造影剂处理来增强现有井的可视性来增加检测距离，以填充孔或围绕侵入地层的经处理的水泥或流体围绕井。 至少一个反演方法将地层参数的反演与指定现有井的距离，方向和方向的参数反演相分离。
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公开(公告)号：US20130105224A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-02
申请号：US13521769
申请日：2010-06-29
摘要： Various logging-while-drilling (LWD) systems and methods provide resistivity logging coupled with deep detection of elongated anomalies at acute angles, enabling effective geosteering without disrupting drilling operations and without requiring intervention in the operations of the existing well. One LWD system embodiment employs a tool having tilted antennas as the transmitter and the receiver, where at least one of the antennas is placed in the vicinity of the bit, making it possible to detect existing wells at distances of 50-100 feet. In some cases, the detection distance is increased by enhancing the visibility of the existing well using a contrast fluid treatment on target well, either to fill the bore or to surround the well with treated cement or fluids that invade the formation. At least one inversion method separates the inversion of formation parameters from the inversion of parameters specifying distance, direction, and orientation of the existing well.
摘要翻译： 各种采伐钻井（LWD）系统和方法提供电阻率测井，以及在锐角处深长检测细长异常，从而有效地理转向，而不会中断钻井作业，而不需要干预现有井的作业。 一个LWD系统实施例采用具有倾斜天线的工具作为发射器和接收器，其中至少一个天线被放置在钻头的附近，使得可以检测距离为50-100英尺的现有井。 在某些情况下，通过使用目标井上的造影剂处理来增强现有井的可视性来增加检测距离，以填充孔或围绕侵入地层的经处理的水泥或流体围绕井。 至少一个反演方法将地层参数的反演与指定现有井的距离，方向和方向的参数反演相分离。
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公开(公告)号：US09733191B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-15
申请号：US14357496
申请日：2011-11-15
CPC分类号： G01N21/84 , E21B44/00 , E21B47/0002 , E21B47/123 , G01N21/59
摘要： Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to operate a tool downhole in a well, where the tool has an optical computation element to determine different properties of downhole structures. Such an optical computation element can be structured to provide optical analysis of fluid and material composition of the downhole environment associated with a drilling operation. The data measurements from the optical computation element can be used in a geosteering operation. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150240631A1
公开(公告)日：2015-08-27
申请号：US14709314
申请日：2015-05-11
CPC分类号： E21B49/00 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/122 , G01V3/18 , G01V3/20
摘要： A disclosed fracture characterization method includes: collecting three-dimensional resistivity measurements of a volume surrounding an open borehole; analyzing the measurements to determine parameters describing fractures in the volume; and providing a report to a user based at least in part on said parameters. A fluid with a contrasting resistivity is employed to make the fractures detectable by a directional electromagnetic logging tool in the borehole. Illustrative parameters include fracture direction, height, extent, length, and thickness. The resistivity measurements can be augmented using a borehole wall image logging tool. Also disclosed are fracturing methods that include: positioning a directional electromagnetic logging tool proximate to a formation; fracturing the formation; monitoring fracture progression with said tool; and halting the fracturing when measurements by said tool indicate that a predetermined set of criteria have been satisfied.
摘要翻译： 公开的断裂表征方法包括：收集围绕开放井眼的体积的三维电阻率测量; 分析测量值以确定描述体积中断裂的参数; 以及至少部分地基于所述参数向用户提供报告。 使用具有对比电阻率的流体来使得可以通过井眼中的定向电磁测井工具检测到裂缝。 说明性参数包括断裂方向，高度，程度，长度和厚度。 可以使用钻孔壁图像测井工具来增加电阻率测量值。 还公开了一种压裂方法，其包括：定向电磁测井工具靠近地层; 破裂形成; 用所述工具监测骨折进展; 并且当所述工具的测量指示已经满足预定的准则集时，停止压裂。
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5.发明申请Fracture Characterization Using Directional Electromagnetic Resistivity Measurements 审中-公开使用定向电磁电阻测量的断裂特征公开(公告)号：US20120133367A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-31
申请号：US13131872
申请日：2009-08-20
IPC分类号： G01V3/17
CPC分类号： E21B49/00 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/122 , G01V3/18 , G01V3/20
摘要： A disclosed fracture characterization method includes: collecting three-dimensional resistivity measurements of a volume surrounding an open borehole; analyzing the measurements to determine parameters describing fractures in the volume; and providing a report to a user based at least in part on said parameters. A fluid with a contrasting resistivity is employed to make the fractures detectable by a directional electromagnetic logging tool in the borehole. illustrative parameters include fracture direction, height, extent, length, and thickness. The resistivity measurements can be augmented using a borehole wall image logging tool. Also disclosed are fracturing methods that include: positioning a directional electromagnetic logging tool proximate to a formation; fracturing the formation; monitoring fracture progression with said tool; and halting the fracturing when measurements by said tool indicate that a predetermined set of criteria have been satisfied.
摘要翻译： 公开的断裂表征方法包括：收集围绕开放井眼的体积的三维电阻率测量; 分析测量值以确定描述体积中断裂的参数; 以及至少部分地根据所述参数向用户提供报告。 使用具有对比电阻率的流体来使得可以通过井眼中的定向电磁测井工具检测到裂缝。 说明性参数包括断裂方向，高度，程度，长度和厚度。 可以使用钻孔壁图像测井工具来增加电阻率测量值。 还公开了一种压裂方法，其包括：定向电磁测井工具靠近地层; 破裂形成; 用所述工具监测骨折进展; 并且当所述工具的测量指示已经满足预定的一组标准时，停止压裂。
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公开(公告)号：US10222507B2
公开(公告)日：2019-03-05
申请号：US12808193
申请日：2008-11-19
摘要： Disclosed herein are various telemetry systems and methods suitable for communicating a cylindrical volume of formation property measurements to the surface. Some system embodiments include a downhole processor coupled to a telemetry transmitter. The downhole processor determines a compressed representation of the formation property measurements and/or selects a subset of the measurements for transmission uphole. The subset selection can be based on selected radial distances having characteristics that potentially indicate features of interest to a user. Such features include bed boundaries, and the characteristics include sinusoidal variation as a function of azimuth, large changes in this sinusoidal variation versus radial distance, or inversion suggesting the presence of a bed boundary. Various compressed representations of the cylindrical data volume are disclosed, including representations based on parameters of a sinusoidal model, representations based on a two dimensional transform, and representations based on estimates of distance and direction to a bed boundary.
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7.发明申请Data Transmission Systems and Methods for Azimuthally Sensitive Tools with Multiple Depths of Investigation 审中-公开具有多重调查深度的方位敏感工具的数据传输系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20100262370A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-14
申请号：US12808193
申请日：2008-11-19
IPC分类号： E21B47/00
CPC分类号： G01V11/002
摘要： Disclosed herein are various telemetry systems and methods suitable for communicating a cylindrical volume of formation property measurements to the surface. Some system embodiments include a downhole processor coupled to a telemetry transmitter. The downhole processor determines a compressed representation of the formation property measurements and/or selects a subset of the measurements for transmission uphole. The subset selection can be based on selected radial distances having characteristics that potentially indicate features of interest to a user. Such features include bed boundaries, and the characteristics include sinusoidal variation as a function of azimuth, large changes in this sinusoidal variation versus radial distance, or inversion suggesting the presence of a bed boundary. Various compressed representations of the cylindrical data volume are disclosed, including representations based on parameters of a sinusoidal model, representations based on a two dimensional transform, and representations based on estimates of distance and direction to a bed boundary.
摘要翻译： 这里公开的是各种遥测系统和适于将圆柱体积的地层性质测量传递到地面的方法。 一些系统实施例包括耦合到遥测发射器的井下处理器。 井下处理器确定地层属性测量的压缩表示和/或选择用于在井上传输的测量的子集。 子集选择可以基于具有潜在地指示用户感兴趣的特征的特征的所选择的径向距离。 这些特征包括床边界，并且特征包括作为方位角的函数的正弦变化，该正弦变化与径向距离的大变化，或者表示存在床边界的反转。 公开了圆柱形数据量的各种压缩表示，包括基于正弦模型的参数的表示，基于二维变换的表示，以及基于对床边界的距离和方向的估计的表示。
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公开(公告)号：US20140311803A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-23
申请号：US14357496
申请日：2011-11-15
CPC分类号： G01N21/84 , E21B44/00 , E21B47/0002 , E21B47/123 , G01N21/59
摘要： Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to operate a tool downhole in a well, where the tool has an optical computation element to determine different properties of downhole structures. Such an optical computation element can be structured to provide optical analysis of fluid and material composition of the downhole environment associated with a drilling operation. The data measurements from the optical computation element can be used in a geosteering operation. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 各种实施例包括在井中操作工具井下的装置和方法，其中工具具有光学计算元件以确定井下结构的不同特性。 这种光学计算元件可以被构造成提供与钻井操作相关联的井下环境的流体和材料组成的光学分析。 来自光学计算元件的数据测量可以用于地理导向操作。 公开了附加装置，系统和方法。
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公开(公告)号：US08222902B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-17
申请号：US12306267
申请日：2007-07-11
CPC分类号： E21B47/026 , G01V3/28 , H01Q1/04 , H01Q7/00 , H01Q21/24
摘要： A retrievable tool for steering through an earth formation includes a first tool assembly and a tilted antenna attached to the first tool assembly. The tool also includes a second tool assembly attached to the first tool assembly and a tilted antenna attached to the second tool assembly. The first tool assembly attaches to the second tool assembly so that the antennas are tilted in predetermined directions. The tilted antennas are transmitter antennas or receiver antennas. Each tool assembly is a tubular cylinder with a longitudinal axis running the length of the cylinder, wherein the tubular cylinder has two ends, each end including a rotational attachment mechanism. The tool assemblies attach to each other through their rotational attachment mechanisms. The rotational attachment mechanism may be a screw-on mechanism, press-fit mechanism, or welded mechanism.
摘要翻译： 用于通过地层转向的可回收工具包括第一工具组件和附接到第一工具组件的倾斜天线。 该工具还包括附接到第一工具组件的第二工具组件和附接到第二工具组件的倾斜天线。 第一工具组件附接到第二工具组件，使得天线在预定方向上倾斜。 倾斜的天线是发射机天线或接收机天线。 每个工具组件是具有延伸圆柱体长度的纵向轴线的管状圆柱体，其中管状圆柱体具有两个端部，每个端部包括旋转连接机构。 工具组件通过其旋转连接机构相互连接。 旋转连接机构可以是螺旋机构，压配合机构或焊接机构。
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公开(公告)号：US08581592B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-12
申请号：US12919426
申请日：2008-12-16
CPC分类号： E21B47/01
摘要： Logging tools and methods employing an at-bit loop antenna to acquire azimuthal resistivity measurements proximate to the bit enable low-latency geosteering signals to be generated. In some embodiments, the at-bit antenna is part of a bottom hole assembly that includes a drill bit, a mud motor, and a resistivity tool. The mud motor is positioned between the at-bit antenna and the resistivity tool. The resistivity tool includes at least one loop antenna that is not parallel to the at-bit loop antenna. The at-bit antenna is part of an at-bit module that, in some embodiments, transmits periodic electromagnetic signal pulses for the resistivity tool to measure. In other embodiments, the at-bit module measures characteristics of electromagnetic signal pulses sent by the resistivity tool and communicates the measured characteristics to the resistivity tool via a short hop telemetry link.
摘要翻译： 使用位位环形天线采集邻近位的方位角电阻率测量的测井工具和方法能够产生低延迟地理转向信号。 在一些实施例中，该位天线是包括钻头，泥浆马达和电阻率工具的底孔组件的一部分。 泥浆马达位于at位天线和电阻率工具之间。 该电阻率工具包括至少一个不平行于位位环形天线的环形天线。 at位天线是在位模块的一部分，在一些实施例中，它传输用于电阻率测井仪的周期性电磁信号脉冲。 在其他实施例中，at位模块测量由电阻率工具发送的电磁信号脉冲的特性，并通过短跳遥测链路将测得的特性传送到电阻率工具。
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