摘要:
A process for reducing the fluorosurfactant content of a stabilized fluorosurfactant-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion by passing dispersion through a first fixed bed of anion exchange resin to reduce fluorosurfactant content. The first fixed bed has a working zone which moves though the column as the ion exchange resin is saturated. The process includes monitoring a property of the dispersion as the dispersion exits the fixed bed to determine break though of the working zone indicating saturation of the fixed bed. The property being monitored is selected from the group consisting of pH and conductivity.
摘要:
A process for reducing the fluorosurfactant content of an aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion by filling a container with fluoropolymer dispersion, inserting into the container a fabric pouch containing a fluorosurfactant sorbent so that the sorbent contacts the fluorosurfactant-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion in the container and retains the fluorosurfactant to reduce fluorosurfactant content of said fluorosurfactant-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion, and removing the fabric pouch from the container.
摘要:
A process for reducing the fluorosurfactant content of an aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion by filling a shipping container with fluoropolymer dispersion and contacting the dispersion with a fluorosurfactant sorbent in the shipping container.
摘要:
A process for reducing the fluorosurfactant content of an aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion by filling a container with fluoropolymer dispersion, inserting into the container a fabric pouch containing a fluorosurfactant sorbent so that the sorbent contacts the fluorosurfactant-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion in the container and retains the fluorosurfactant to reduce fluorosurfactant content of said fluorosurfactant-containing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion, and removing the fabric pouch from the container.
摘要:
A process for the production of methacrylic acid is described. The process comprises the base catalysed decarboxylation of at least one or a mixture of dicarboxylic acids selected from itaconic, citraconic or mesaconic acid. The decarboxylation is carried out in the range greater than 240 and up to 275° C. to provide high selectivity. The methacrylic acid product may be esterified to produce an ester. A method of preparing polymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid or methacrylic acid esters using the process is also described. Optionally, the process may be preceded with a decarboxylation and, if necessary, a dehydration step on a source of pre-acid such as citric acid or isocitric acid.
摘要:
A method of extracting (meth)acrylic acid from an aqueous reaction medium into an organic phase in contact therewith is described. The aqueous reaction medium is formed from at least one base catalyst and at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from maleic, fumaric, malic, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic, and citramalic acid or mixtures thereof in aqueous solution and contains the base catalysed decarboxylation products of the base catalysed reaction. The method includes either the addition of at least one of the said dicarboxylic acids and/or a pre-cursor thereof to the aqueous reaction medium to enhance the solvent extraction of the (meth)acrylic acid into the organic solvent or maintaining the level of base catalyst to dicarboxylic acid and/or pre-cursor at a sub-stoichiometric level during the extraction process. The method extends to a process of producing (meth)acrylic acid, its esters and polymers and copolymers thereof.
摘要:
A priming valve for priming a centrifugal pump includes a valve assembly separating an inlet chamber from an outlet chamber. The inlet chamber is fluidly coupled to an intake for the centrifugal pump and the outlet chamber is fluidly coupled to a priming pump. A control valve is provided to operate the valve assembly in order to fluidly connect the inlet chamber with the outlet chamber. While the valve assembly fluidly connects the inlet chamber with the outlet chamber, the priming pump can operate to replace air in the intake and the centrifugal pump with water.
摘要:
A method of producing a compound of formula (i): wherein R═H or CH3 the method comprising exposing a source of a compound of formula (ii) to reaction conditions of temperature and pressure: formula (ii) wherein R is defined as above wherein, when R═CH3, the source of a compound of formula (ii) is exposed to reaction conditions of temperature and pressure while being in a liquid phase.
摘要:
A process for reducing the fluoroether carboxylic acid or salt content of aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion. The fluoroether carboxylic acid or salt employed comprises fluoroether carboxylic acid or salt having the formula below: [R1—O-L-COO−]Y+ wherein R1 is a linear, branched or cyclic partially or fully fluorinated aliphatic group which may contain ether linkages; L is a branched partially or fully fluorinated alkylene group which may contain ether linkages; and Y+ is hydrogen, ammonium or alkali metal cation. The process comprises adding stabilizer to the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion to form a stabilized aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion and heating the stabilized aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion to decarboxylate the fluoroether carboxylic acid or salt to produce a fluoroether byproduct. At least a portion of the fluoroether byproduct is removed.
摘要翻译:降低氟代醚羧酸含量或含氟聚合物含水分散体的盐含量的方法。 所用的氟醚羧酸或其盐包括具有下式的氟醚羧酸或盐:[R 1 -O-L-COO-] Y +,其中R 1是可以含有醚键的直链,支链或环状的部分或完全氟化的脂族基团; L是可以含有醚键的支化部分或完全氟化的亚烷基; Y +是氢,铵或碱金属阳离子。 该方法包括向含氟聚合物含水分散体中加入稳定剂以形成稳定的含氟聚合物含水分散体,并加热稳定的含氟聚合物水分散体以使氟代醚羧酸或盐脱羧以产生氟醚副产物。 除去至少一部分氟醚副产物。
摘要:
A method of producing a compound of formula (i): wherein R=H or CH3 the method comprising exposing a source of a compound of formula (ii) to reaction conditions of temperature and pressure: formula (ii) wherein R is defined as above wherein, when R=CH3, the source of a compound of formula (ii) is exposed to reaction conditions of temperature and pressure while being in a liquid phase.