公开(公告)号：US5578067A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-26

申请号：US416221

申请日：1995-04-04

申请人： Christer Ekwall ,  Kurt Hognelid

发明人： Christer Ekwall ,  Kurt Hognelid

IPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/365 ,  A61N1/375

CPC分类号： A61N1/056

摘要： An electrode apparatus, such as an intravascular or intracardiac pacemaker or defibrillation electrode with an electrode cable has a jacket of insulation enclosing a first elongated, flexible conductor, connected to a first electrode arranged on the electrode cable, and also enclosing at least a second conductor, connected to a conductive surface forming a second electrode arranged on the electrode cable at a distance from the first electrode. In order to achieve an electrode apparatus with which the distance between the electrode on the electrode cable cart be changed in a very simple manner and in which the surface area exposed to tissue of at least one electrode can be enlarged, reduced and even rotated around the electrode cable in certain instances, the electrode apparatus is equipped with at least one sleeve-like body, insulated against the surroundings and slidable on the electrode cable, which at least partially covers the conductive surface and with which the second electrode can be formed whose position in relation to the first electrode and/or whose size can be varied.

摘要翻译： 诸如血管内或心脏起搏器或具有电极电缆的除颤电极之类的电极装置具有绝缘套，其包围第一细长柔性导体，连接到布置在电极电缆上的第一电极，并且还包围至少第二导体 连接到导电表面，所述导电表面在距离所述第一电极一定距离处形成布置在所述电极电缆上的第二电极。 为了实现电极电缆车上的电极之间的距离以非常简单的方式改变的电极装置，并且其中暴露于至少一个电极的组织的表面积可以被放大，减小甚至围绕 电极电缆在某些情况下，电极装置配备有至少一个套筒状体，其绝缘抵抗周围环境并且可在电极电缆上滑动，电极电缆至少部分地覆盖导电表面并且可以形成第二电极的位置 相对于第一电极和/或其尺寸可以变化。

公开(公告)号：US5193538A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-16

申请号：US743391

申请日：1992-01-09

申请人： Christer Ekwall

发明人： Christer Ekwall

IPC分类号： A61N1/37 ,  A61N1/378

CPC分类号： A61N1/378 ,  A61N1/3708

摘要： It is known that modern implantable electromedical devices for the stimulation of a physiological function, such as pacemakers, are programmable to work in different stimulating modes and comprise sensing and evaluating means for monitoring the capacity of the battery within the device. In order to achieve a constant time duration between the point in time when the battery capacity drops below a threshold value and the end of life of the battery, said threshold value is varied in dependence on the utilized stimulating mode in such a way that a higher threshold value is selected for a stimulating mode with a high energy consumption and vice versa.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCP / FP90 / 00239 Sec。 371日期1992年1月9日 102（e）日期1992年1月9日PCT提交1990年2月14日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 09208 日期1990年8月23日。已知用于刺激生理功能的现代植入式电动医疗装置（例如起搏器）可编程为以不同的刺激模式工作，并且包括用于监测电池内部的电池的容量的感测和评估装置 设备。 为了在电池容量下降到低于阈值的时间点与电池的寿命终止之间实现恒定的持续时间，所述阈值根据利用的刺激模式而变化，使得较高 对于具有高能量消耗的刺激模式选择阈值，反之亦然。

公开(公告)号：US06256538B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-03

申请号：US09341941

申请日：1999-09-22

申请人： Christer Ekwall

发明人： Christer Ekwall

IPC分类号： A61N1365

CPC分类号： A61N1/365 ,  A61B5/0535 ,  A61B5/1107 ,  A61B7/00 ,  A61N1/36514 ,  A61N1/36521 ,  A61N1/36564

摘要： An implantable heart stimulator has a control unit which controls the delivery of stimulation pulses to a subject, and an ischemia detector. The control unit is connected to the ischemia detector and reduces the stimulation rate in response to a detection of ischemia.

摘要翻译： 可植入心脏刺激器具有控制单元，其控制对受试者的刺激脉冲的输送和缺血检测器。 控制单元连接到缺血检测器，并响应于局部缺血的检测而降低刺激速率。

公开(公告)号：US06233486B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US09341944

申请日：1999-07-20

申请人： Christer Ekwall ,  Christina Nyhlén

发明人： Christer Ekwall ,  Christina Nyhlén

IPC分类号： A61B500

CPC分类号： A61N1/36564 ,  A61B5/0215 ,  A61M2025/0002 ,  A61M2210/125

摘要： An ischemia detector has a sensor unit which determines the systolic pressure of a subject, a unit wherein a relation is established between the systolic pressure and the subject's heart rate, as the heart rate is varied over a range, and an analyzer which determines the occurrence of ischemia from this relation.

摘要翻译： 缺血检测器具有确定受试者的收缩压的传感器单元，其中在心率在一定范围内变化时，在收缩压与受试者的心率之间建立关系的单元，以及确定发生的分析仪 的这种关系的缺血。

公开(公告)号：US5016634A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-21

申请号：US505509

申请日：1990-04-06

申请人： Josef Vock ,  Jan Ljungstroem ,  Christer Ekwall

发明人： Josef Vock ,  Jan Ljungstroem ,  Christer Ekwall

IPC分类号： A61N1/365 ,  A61N1/37 ,  A61N1/372

CPC分类号： A61N1/37211

摘要： A medical device adapted to be implanted in a patient includes components for detecting physiological events and/or for stimulating physiological events, and includes control logic connected to the detecting and or stimulating components, and further components for the telemetric transmission of data relating to the logical status of the control logic to and from an external receiver. The components for telemetrically transmitting data are connected to the control logic, and continuously transmit data identifying the current logical status of the control logic to the external receiver.

摘要翻译： 适于植入患者的医疗装置包括用于检测生理事件和/或用于刺激生理事件的组件，并且包括连接到检测和/或刺激部件的控制逻辑，以及与逻辑相关的数据的遥测传输的其他部件 来自外部接收器的控制逻辑的状态。 用于遥测数据传输的组件连接到控制逻辑，并将识别控制逻辑的当前逻辑状态的数据连续发送到外部接收器。

公开(公告)号：US4827934A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-09

申请号：US114327

申请日：1987-10-27

申请人： Christer Ekwall

发明人： Christer Ekwall

IPC分类号： A61N1/365 ,  A61N1/37

CPC分类号： A61N1/3706 ,  A61N1/36514

摘要： Circuitry for quantitatively determining the level of processed heart signals relative to actual sensing sensitivity level (threshold) in an implantable pacemaker. The measurement is useful for adjusting the settable threshold, polarity, filtering or amplification parameter settings for safe operation and noise rejection of the pacemaker.

摘要翻译： 用于定量确定可植入心脏起搏器中相对于实际感测灵敏度水平（阈值）的经处理的心脏信号的电平的电路。 该测量对于调整起搏器的安全操作和噪声抑制的可设定阈值，极性，滤波或放大参数设置非常有用。

公开(公告)号：US06591143B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-08

申请号：US09555085

申请日：2000-05-24

申请人： Christer Ekwall

发明人： Christer Ekwall

IPC分类号： A61N100

CPC分类号： A61N1/056 ,  A61B5/042 ,  A61B5/1107 ,  A61B5/686 ,  A61B2562/0261 ,  A61B2562/222 ,  A61N1/36521

摘要： A sensor arrangement, and a heart stimulator employing such a sensor arrangement, identify bending of an electrode lead. A lead which is implantable in a patient is subjected to bending due to movement of the surrounding tissue, and the lead has a deformation sensor therein which emits an electrical signal dependent on the magnitude and orientation of the bending. The deformation sensor can be formed by two parallel channels extending from the tip of the lead within an insulating sleeve of the lead which encloses a conductor element. The channels are filled with an electrically conductive fluid and are connected at their opposite ends to a resistance measuring unit. Bending of the lead causes the resistance of the fluid to change, which is measured by the resistance measuring unit. The channels can be disposed asymmetrically relative to a longitudinal axis of the lead, so that orientation of the bending can also be identified by comparing signals from the respective channels to each other.

摘要翻译： 传感器装置和使用这种传感器装置的心脏刺激器识别电极引线的弯曲。 可植入患者的引线由于周围组织的移动而受到弯曲，并且引线在其中具有取决于弯曲的大小和取向的电信号的变形传感器。 变形传感器可以由两个平行的通道形成，该两个平行的通道在引线的绝缘套管内从引线的顶端延伸，该绝缘套管包围导体元件。 通道填充有导电流体，并在其相对端连接到电阻测量单元。 铅的弯曲会导致流体的电阻变化，这是由电阻测量单元测量的。 通道可以相对于引线的纵向轴线非对称地布置，从而也可以通过将来自各个通道的信号彼此进行比较来识别弯曲的取向。

公开(公告)号：US6016443A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-18

申请号：US48521

申请日：1998-03-26

申请人： Christer Ekwall ,  Kjell Noren

发明人： Christer Ekwall ,  Kjell Noren

IPC分类号： A61N1/365 ,  A61B5/04

CPC分类号： A61N1/36514 ,  A61N1/36585

摘要： An ischemia detector includes repolarization sensor which senses repolarization of the heart of a patient and delivers corresponding repolarization signals to a detecting unit and a workload sensor which senses the workload of the patient and delivers corresponding workload signals to the detecting unit. The detecting unit identifies a state of ischemia as existing upon the occurrence of a predetermined relation between sensed repolarization and sensed workload.

摘要翻译： 缺血检测器包括复极度传感器，其感测患者心脏的复极化，并将相应的复极信号传送到检测单元和工作负载传感器，其感测患者的工作量并将相应的工作负载信号传送到检测单元。 检测单元在检测到的复极化和检测到的工作负荷之间发生预定关系时，识别存在的局部缺血状态。

公开(公告)号：US5601614A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-11

申请号：US227325

申请日：1994-04-14

申请人： Christer Ekwall

发明人： Christer Ekwall

IPC分类号： A61B5/0428 ,  A61N1/365 ,  A61N1/37 ,  A61N1/362

CPC分类号： A61N1/3702 ,  A61N1/365

摘要： In a method and apparatus for determining whether electrical signals in a heart are caused by atrial depolarizations or ventricular depolarizations, heart signals are sensed in the upper part of the ventricular heart tissue, preferably the upper part of the ventricular septum. The detection of heart signals from both the atrium and ventricle and the identification of depolarization is facilitated if the course of the signals is monitored, with monophasic heart signals being caused by an atrial depolarization and biphasic signals being caused by a ventricular depolarization.

摘要翻译： 在用于确定心脏中的电信号是否由心房去极化或心室去极化引起的方法和装置中，在心室心脏组织的上部，优选心室隔膜的上部感测到心脏信号。 如果监测信号的过程，则单向心脏信号由心房去极化引起，双相信号由心室去极化引起，来自心房和心室的心脏信号的检测和去极化的识别是有利的。

公开(公告)号：US4899750A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-13

申请号：US183191

申请日：1988-04-19

申请人： Christer Ekwall

发明人： Christer Ekwall

IPC分类号： A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/37 ,  G01R27/00

CPC分类号： G01R27/00 ,  A61N1/3706 ,  A61N2001/083

摘要： A pacemaker lead analyzer for measuring impedance during standard operation of an implanted pacemaker. The analyzer makes separate measurements of lead impedance during each heart signal and each pacing pulse. A moving average of measured parameters is maintained and recurring deviations from the norms are noted in separate event counters for subsequent analysis of the noted events as possible indications of impending failure of an implanted lead.