Abstract:
A thin film composite polyamide membrane including a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer which is a reaction product of m-phenylene diamine (mPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC), wherein the membrane is characterized by the thin film polyamide layer having a dissociated carboxylic acid content of at least 0.18 moles/kg at pH 9.5, and wherein pyrolysis of the thin film polyamide layer at 650 C results in a ratio of responses from a flame ionization detector for fragments produced at 212 m/z and 237 m/z of less than 2.8.