摘要:
A hyperfiltration system (10) and method for treating water including: a vessel (20) having a feed inlet (22), a permeate outlet (24), and a concentrate outlet (26); at least one spiral wound membrane element (28) located within the vessel (20); a pump (30) having a low pressure side (32) in fluid communication with a source of feed water (40) through a junction point (42) and a high pressure side (34) in fluid communication with the feed inlet (22); a permeate valve (50) connected to the permeate outlet (24) and adapted to selectively direct permeate flow between a treated water outlet (52) and the junction point (42); a flow path (60) between the concentrate outlet (26) and a discharge (62); and a flow restrictor (64) located along the flow path (60) and adapted to vary resistance to concentrate flow between a high and low value.
摘要:
A method for making a composite polyamide membrane comprising a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the method includes the step of applying a polyfunctional amine monomer and polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to a surface of the porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the step of applying the polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to the porous support includes the step of combining the polyfunctional acyl halide monomer with a non-polar solvent at a concentration of at least 0.18 weight percent to form a coating solution which is applied to the surface of the porous support, and wherein the interfacial polymerization is conducted in the presence of a tri-hydrocarbyl phosphate compound which is provided in a molar ratio of at least 0.5:1 with the polyfunctional acyl halide monomer. Many additional embodiments are described including membranes made from the subject method and applications for such membranes.
摘要:
A spiral wound membrane module adapted for hyperfiltration and including at least one membrane envelope and feed spacer sheet wound about a central permeate tube to form an inlet and outlet scroll face and an outer periphery, wherein the feed spacer sheet includes: i) a feed entrance section extending along the permeate collection tube from the inlet scroll face toward the outlet scroll face, ii) a feed exit section extending along the outer periphery from the outlet scroll face toward the inlet scroll face, and iii) a central feed section located between the feed entrance section and the feed exit section; and wherein the feed entrance section has a median resistance to flow in a direction parallel to the permeate collection tube that is less than 25% of the median resistance to flow of the central feed section in a direction perpendicular to the permeate collection tube.
摘要:
A spiral wound membrane module (2) comprising at least one membrane envelope (4) wound about a permeate collection tube (8), wherein the module (2) is characterized by a flow controller (54) located within or fixed to the permeate collection tube (8) that provides a flow resistance that varies as a function of permeate flow.
摘要:
A method for making a composite polyamide membrane comprising the step of applying polyfunctional amine and acid halide monomers to a surface of a porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a thin film polyamide layer. The method further includes the step of conducting the interfacial polymerization in the presence of: a carboxylic acid monomer comprising an aliphatic or aromatic moiety substituted with single carboxylic acid functional group and at least one acyl halide functional group, and a tri-hydrocarbyl compound.
摘要:
A hydroclone (10) including a tank (12) having a fluid inlet (14), a filtered fluid outlet (16), an effluent outlet (18), a process fluid outlet (20) and an inner peripheral wall (22) positioned about an axis (X) and enclosing a plurality of aligned chambers including: i) a vortex chamber (24) in fluid communication with the fluid inlet (14), a filter assembly (26) located within the vortex chamber (24) and enclosing a filtrate chamber (46), a fluid pathway (28) extending from the fluid inlet (14) and about the filter assembly (26) which is adapted to generate a vortex fluid flow about the filter assembly (26), wherein the filtrate chamber (46) is in fluid communication with the filtered fluid outlet (16) such that fluid passing through the filter assembly (26) enters the filtrate chamber (46) and may exit the tank (12) by way of the filtered fluid outlet (16), and ii) an effluent separation chamber (30) in fluid communication with the vortex chamber (24) and which is adapted for receiving unfiltered fluid therefrom, wherein the effluent separation chamber (30) is in fluid communication with the process fluid outlet (20) and an effluent outlet (18); wherein the hydroclone (10) further includes a vortex flow barrier (34) located between the vortex and effluent separation chambers (24, 30) which is adapted to disrupts vortex fluid flow as fluid flows from the vortex chamber (24) to the effluent separation chamber (30).
摘要:
The present invention is directed toward a multi-pass hyperfiltration system (38) including at least two passes (42,44) of spiral wound modules positioned in series along a fluid pathway; including: a first pass is located upstream along the fluid pathway with respect to a second pass such that permeate from the first pass is directed along the fluid pathway (40) to the second pass, and each pass comprises a pressure vessel enclosing at least one spiral wound module, each module including at least one hyper-filtration membrane envelop and feed spacer sheet wound about a permeate collection tube, wherein the system is characterized by the first pass comprising a spiral wound module including a feed spacer sheet having a thickness greater 0.65 mm and the second pass comprising a spiral wound module including a feed spacer sheet having a thickness less than 0.65 mm.
摘要:
A method for making a composite polyamide membrane comprising a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the method includes the step of applying a polyfunctional amine monomer and polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to a surface of the porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the step of applying the polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to the porous support includes the step of combining the polyfunctional acyl halide monomer with a non-polar solvent at a concentration of at least 0.18 weight percent to form a coating solution which is applied to the surface of the porous support, and wherein the interfacial polymerization is conducted in the presence of a tri-hydrocarbyl phosphate compound which is provided in a molar ratio of at least 0.5:1 with the polyfunctional acyl halide monomer. Many additional embodiments are described including membranes made from the subject method and applications for such membranes.
摘要:
Cross-flow filtration systems and corresponding methods for separation particulate matter from liquids. A representative system includes a cross-flow filtration zone (24) in fluid communication with a particulate settling zone (30) and further includes a fluid inlet (14) in fluid communication with one of the zones and a process fluid outlet (20) and in fluid communication with the other zone. A fluid treatment pathway (28) extends from the fluid inlet (14), through the cross-flow filtration and particulate settling zones (24, 30) to the process fluid outlet (20). A filter assembly (26) is located within the cross-flow filtration zone (24) and comprises a membrane surface (44) that isolates a filtrate chamber (46) from the fluid treatment pathway (28), and the filtrate chamber (46) is in fluid communication with a filtered fluid outlet (16). A recirculation pump (Z) in fluid communication with the process fluid outlet (20) and fluid inlet (14). A pressurizable recirculation loop (A) comprises the fluid treatment pathway (28) and recirculation pump (Z) and the recirculation pump (Z) is adapted for driving pressurized through the recirculation loop (A). A feed pump (Y) is adapted to introduce feed liquid into the system (10); and an effluent outlet (18) in fluid communication with the particulate settling zone (30). The feed pump (Y), effluent outlet (18) and filtered fluid outlet (16) reside outside of the recirculation loop (A).
摘要:
A spiral wound filtration assembly including: i) a pressure vessel comprising a feed port, concentrate port and permeate port; ii) at least one spiral wound membrane module comprising at least one membrane envelop wound around a permeate tube which forms a permeate pathway to the permeate port; and iii) a bioreactor having a cylindrical outer periphery extending along an axis (Y) from a first end to a second end, an inlet located near the first end, and an outlet located near the second end; wherein the spiral wound membrane module and bioreactor are serially arranged within the pressure vessel.