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公开(公告)号：US5351769A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-04
申请号：US76029
申请日：1993-06-14
CPC分类号： E21B10/50
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cutter rotatably secured to the bit body. The cutter has a plurality of teeth formed integrally thereon and arranged in circumferential rows. Each of the teeth includes an inner end, an outer end, a pair of flanks and a crest substantially transversely connecting the ends and flanks. The crests of the at least one of the plurality of teeth has a depression formed therein that extends from the outer end of the tooth to an intermediate point along the crest, a remainder of the crest defines a raised crest portion. A wear-resistant material is applied over at least the crest and a portion of at least the ends and flanks of the at least one of the plurality of teeth, wherein the thickness of the wear-resistant material over the depression is substantially greater than elsewhere on the tooth.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一个位体，并且至少一个切割器可旋转地固定到钻头体上。 切割器具有多个整体形成在其上并以圆周排布置的齿。 每个齿包括内端，外端，一对侧面和基本上横向连接端部和侧面的波峰。 所述多个齿中的至少一个齿的顶部具有形成于其中的凹陷，所述凹陷从所述齿的外端延伸到沿所述顶部的中间点，所述顶部的其余部分限定凸起的顶部。 耐磨材料至少施加在多个齿的至少一个齿的至少顶端和至少一个端部和侧面的一部分上，其中耐磨材料在凹陷上方的厚度基本上大于其它部分 在牙齿上
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公开(公告)号：US06290007B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09753096
申请日：2001-01-02
IPC分类号： E21B1026
摘要： A rotary drag bit suitable for directional drilling. The bit includes a bit body from which extend radially-oriented blades carrying PDC cutters. The blades extend to primary gage pads, above which secondary gage pads are either longitudinally spaced or rotationally spaced, or both, defining a gap or discontinuity between the primary and secondary gage pads through which drilling fluid from adjacent junk slots may communicate laterally or circumferentially. Longitudinally leading edges of the secondary gage pads carry cutters, such as chisel-shaped cutters for smoothing the sidewall of the borehole. The cutters are preferably configured and oriented so as to provide a relatively aggressive cutting edge to the formation in both longitudinal and rotational directions of bit movement. Cutters may likewise be disposed on the trailing ends of the secondary gage pads to provide an up-drill capability to facilitate removal of the bit from the borehole.
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公开(公告)号：US5479997A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-02
申请号：US293228
申请日：1994-08-19
CPC分类号： E21B17/1092 , E21B10/16 , E21B10/52
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cutter rotatably secured to the bit body. The cutter has a cutter shell surface including a gage surface intersecting a heel surface. A plurality of hard metal inserts are arranged in generally circumferential rows on the cutter and include a heel row of heel inserts on the heel surface of the cutter and a gage row of gage inserts on the gage surface of the cutter. At least one scraper insert, formed of material more wear-resistant than that of the cutter shell surface, is secured to the cutter shell surface generally at the intersection of the gage and heel surfaces. The scraper insert includes a gage and a heel insert surface. The gage and heel surfaces of the scraper insert converge to define a cutting edge for engagement with the sidewall of the borehole, the heel insert surface defining a positive rake angle with respect to the sidewall of the borehole of between 0 and 15 degrees. The cutting edge projects from the heel surface an amount not greater than the lesser of one-half the projection of the heel inserts from the heel surface and 30% of the pitch between the heel inserts.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一个位体，并且至少一个切割器可旋转地固定到钻头体上。 切割器具有切割器外壳表面，其包括与跟部表面相交的计量表面。 多个硬金属插入件在切割器上大致圆周排布置，并且包括在切割器的跟部表面上的跟部插入物的后跟行和在切割器的计量表面上的量规插入件的一排。 至少一个由比刀具表面更耐磨的材料形成的刮刀插入件通常在量规和跟部表面的交叉处固定到刀具壳体表面。 刮刀插入件包括量具和跟部插入表面。 刮刀插入件的量规和跟部表面会聚以限定用于与钻孔的侧壁接合的切割边缘，该后跟插入表面相对于钻孔的侧壁在0和15度之间限定正的前角。 切割边缘从脚跟表面突出一个量不大于后跟插入物从后跟表面的一半投影中的较小者和脚后跟插入物之间的间距的30％的量。
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公开(公告)号：US5890552A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US815063
申请日：1997-03-11
IPC分类号： E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B17/10 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/5673 , E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/5676 , E21B10/5735 , E21B17/1092
摘要： Superabrasive cutting elements for rolling cutter bits, and mounting techniques for such cutting elements. The insert-type cutting elements employ self-supporting superabrasive masses on the exposed tips thereof, the elements being mounted to the rolling cutters by insertion of supporting stud-like insert bodies into apertures in the cutter shells so that the exposed exterior of the interface between the superabrasive mass and the supporting cemented tungsten carbide stud lies outside of the depth of cut of the cutting element into the formation, and in some instances beneath the surface of the shell. The self-supporting superabrasive mass may comprise the entire tip of an insert, or the mass may be of a size and orientation to sustain a particular magnitude and direction of loading, the remainder or a majority of the insert tip being covered by a thinner superabrasive shell Further, the cemented carbide stud material may be configured to extend into the superabrasive tip, and may contain one or more recesses sized and configured to receive a portion of the superabrasive mass so as to provide a self-supporting superabrasive mass against selected loads.
摘要翻译： 用于轧制刀头的超级磨料切割元件以及用于这种切割元件的安装技术。 插入式切割元件在其暴露的顶端上采用自支撑超研磨块，通过将支撑的柱状插入体插入切割器壳体中的孔中，将元件安装到滚动切割器上，使得暴露在外部的界面外部 超研磨材料和支撑胶结碳化钨螺柱位于切割元件的切割深度之外的地层中，并且在一些情况下在壳体的表面下方。 自支撑超研磨材料可以包括插入件的整个尖端，或者该质量块可以具有维持特定尺寸和装载方向的尺寸和取向，其余部分或大部分插入尖端被较薄的超级磨料覆盖 壳体另外，硬质合金螺柱材料可以构造成延伸到超研磨尖端中，并且可以包含一个或多个凹部，其尺寸和构造成接收一部分超磨料物质，以便为选定的载荷提供自支撑的超级磨料。
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公开(公告)号：US5592995A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US468692
申请日：1995-06-06
IPC分类号： E21B10/52 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B10/16
CPC分类号： E21B10/5673 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/5676 , E21B10/5735 , E21B17/1092
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cantilevered bearing shaft depending inwardly and downwardly from the bit body. A cutter is mounted for rotation on the bearing shaft and includes a plurality of cutting elements arranged in generally circumferential rows including an outer or heel row of cutting elements. At least one of the cutting elements in the heel row has an outermost surface at least partially formed of super-hard material that defines a cutting edge for shearing engagement with the sidewall of the borehole as the cutters roll and slide over the bottom of the borehole during drilling operations.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一定体积，至少有一个悬臂轴承轴从钻头体向内和向下偏移。 刀具被安装成用于在轴承轴上旋转，并且包括多个切割元件，该切割元件大致圆周排布置，包括外部或后排的切割元件。 后跟行中的至少一个切割元件具有至少部分由超硬材料形成的最外表面，该超硬材料限定了切割刃，用于与钻孔的侧壁剪切接合，因为切割器在钻孔的底部滚动并滑动 在钻井作业。
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公开(公告)号：US5445231A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US279583
申请日：1994-07-25
CPC分类号： E21B10/50
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body, at least one cutter rotatably secured to the bit body and including a plurality of teeth formed integrally with the cutter and arranged in circumferential rows thereon. A pair of ribs is formed on at least one of the flanks of at least one of the teeth. The ribs are spaced apart to define a central depression therebetween extending through the crest of the tooth. A thickness of wear-resistant material fills the depression. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wear-resistant material is applied over the ribs, crest, and a portion of the ends and flanks of the tooth, wherein the thickness of the wear-resistant material over the depressions greater, preferably 1/8 inch, than that elsewhere on the tooth.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一个位体，至少一个切割器可旋转地固定到钻头体上并且包括与切割器一体地形成并且周向排成一列的多个齿。 一对肋形成在至少一个齿的至少一个侧面上。 肋间隔开以限定其间延伸穿过牙齿顶部的中心凹陷。 耐磨材料的厚度填满凹陷。 根据本发明的优选实施例，耐磨材料被施加在肋，凸起以及齿的端部和侧面的一部分上，其中耐磨材料在凹部上方的厚度更大，优选为1 / 8英寸，比其他地方的牙齿。
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公开(公告)号：US5346026A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US169880
申请日：1993-12-17
IPC分类号： E21B10/16 , E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B17/10 , E21B10/00
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/16 , E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/5673 , E21B10/5735 , E21B17/1092
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a cutter provided with hard gage inserts that protrude from the gage surface of the cutter to engage the side of the borehole for holding gage. The gage insert has a substantially flat, polygonal face, the sides of the polygonal face defining at least a pair of sharp cutting edges and at least a pair of cutting surfaces that define a negative rake angle with respect to the sidewall of the borehole that is being sheared by the gage insert. The face, cutting edge, and cutting surface of the gage insert are formed of a super-hard and abrasion-resistant material such as polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride. The body of the insert is formed of a hard, fracture-tough material such as cemented tungsten carbide. The improved gage inserts are secured into sockets in the gage surface of the rolling cone cutter by interference fit. The improved gage inserts provide an actively cutting gage surface that engages the sidewall of the borehole to promote shearing removal of the sidewall material. Such an improved gage insert provides an earth-boring bit with improved gage-holding ability, and improved steerability in directional drilling operations.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有切割器，其具有从切割器的规格表面突出的硬量规插入件以接合用于保持量具的钻孔侧。 量具插入件具有基本上平坦的多边形面，多边形面的侧面限定至少一对锋利的切割边缘和至少一对切割表面，该切割表面相对于钻孔的侧壁限定负的前角， 被量具插入物剪断。 量规插入件的表面，切削刃和切削表面由超硬耐磨材料形成，例如多晶金刚石或立方氮化硼。 插入物的主体由硬质的，断裂韧性的材料形成，如硬质合金碳化物。 改进的量规插入件通过过盈配合固定在滚动锥形切割机的量规表面中的插座中。 改进的量规插入件提供与钻孔的侧壁接合的主动切割表面，以促进侧壁材料的剪切移除。 这种改进的量规插入件提供了具有改进的量具保持能力的钻孔钻头，并且在定向钻井操作中提高了可操纵性。
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公开(公告)号：US06328117B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-11
申请号：US09543490
申请日：2000-04-06
IPC分类号： E21B1046
CPC分类号： E21B10/55 , E21B2010/566
摘要： A chip breaker for use in a fixed-cutter, rotary-type drill bit used in drilling subterranean formations is disclosed. The chip breaker includes a knife-like protrusion positioned proximate a cutting element and adjacent or in a fluid course defined by the drill bit body. As formation chips, shavings, or cuttings are generated during drilling, the chips move over the protrusion and are split or scribed by the protrusion. Drilling fluid breaks the split or scribed chips away from the surface of the fluid course adjacent the cutting element and transports them through the junk slots. Additionally, chip splitters may be positioned on ramped surfaces that further lift the formation chips away from the surface of the fluid course.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于钻井地下地层中的固定刀具旋转式钻头的断屑器。 断屑器包括位于切割元件附近的相邻或由钻头体定义的流体过程中的刀状突起。 由于在钻孔期间产生地层碎屑，碎屑或切屑，碎片在突起上移动并被突起分裂或划刻。 钻井液将分裂或划线的切屑从与切割元件相邻的流体流道的表面远离，并将其输送通过垃圾槽。 另外，芯片分离器可以定位在斜面上，该表面进一步将地层芯片从流体流道的表面远离。
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9.发明授权Rotary drill bits for directional drilling employing tandem gage pad arrangement with cutting elements and up-drill capability 失效用于定向钻孔的旋转钻头，采用具有切割元件和上钻能力的串联量规垫公开(公告)号：US06321862B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-27
申请号：US09129302
申请日：1998-08-05
申请人： Christopher C. Beuershausen , Robert J. Costo, Jr. , Danny E. Scott , Rudolf C. O. Pessier , Roland Illerhaus , Mark W. Dykstra , James A. Norris , Michael P. Ohanian , John R. Spaar
发明人： Christopher C. Beuershausen , Robert J. Costo, Jr. , Danny E. Scott , Rudolf C. O. Pessier , Roland Illerhaus , Mark W. Dykstra , James A. Norris , Michael P. Ohanian , John R. Spaar
IPC分类号： E21B1026
CPC分类号： E21B17/1092 , E21B10/46
摘要： A rotary drag bit suitable for directional drilling. The bit includes a bit body from which extend radially-oriented blades carrying PDC cutters. The blades extend to primary gage pads, above which secondary gage pads are either longitudinally spaced or rotationally spaced, or both, defining a gap or discontinuity between the primary and secondary gage pads through which drilling fluid from adjacent junk slots may communicate laterally or circumferentially. Longitudinally leading edges of the secondary gage pads carry cutters for smoothing the sidewall of the borehole. The cutters are preferably configured and oriented so as to provide a relatively aggressive cutting edge to the formation in both longitudinal and rotational directions of bit movement, the cutting edges lying adjacent cutting surfaces preferably disposed at negative rake angles to the formation material of the borehole wall for enhanced durability. Cutters may likewise be disposed on the trailing ends of the secondary gage pads to provide an up-drill capability to facilitate removal of the bit from the borehole. The tandem primary and secondary gage pads provide enhanced bit stability and reduced side cutting tendencies. The discontinuities between the primary and secondary gage pads enhance fluid flow from the bit face to the borehole annulus above the bit, promoting formation cuttings removal. The tandem gage arrangement also has utility in conventional bits not designed specifically for directional drilling.
摘要翻译： 适用于定向钻孔的旋转牵引钻头。 该钻头包括一个承载PDC切割器的径向定向刀片的位体。 叶片延伸到主量规焊盘，在其上方，二次量规焊盘沿纵向间隔开或旋转间隔开，或两者限定了初级和次级量规焊盘之间的间隙或不连续性，通过该间隙或不连续性，来自相邻垃圾槽的钻井液体可横向或周向地连通。 二次测量垫的纵向前缘带有切割器，用于平滑钻孔的侧壁。 切割器优选地构造和定向成在钻头移动的纵向和旋转方向上向地层提供相对侵蚀性的切割边缘，切割边缘位于切割表面附近，优选地设置成与钻孔壁的形成材料成负向的前角 以提高耐久性。 切割器同样可以设置在二次量规焊盘的尾端上，以提供上钻能力以便于从钻孔中移除钻头。 串联一次和二次测量垫提供增强的位稳定性和减少的侧切倾向。 主和二次测量垫之间的不连续性增强了从钻头面到钻头上方的钻孔环之间的流体流动，促进了去除切屑。 串联量规布置也可用于不专门用于定向钻孔的常规钻头中。
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公开(公告)号：US5996713A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US926730
申请日：1997-09-10
CPC分类号： E21B17/1092 , E21B10/08
摘要： A rock bit has a body and three cutters that include generally conical surfaces, at least one of which contains an outermost, circumferential row of heel teeth that dislodge cuttings from the borehole wall and bottom. The heel teeth form a corner with the borehole wall with successive contact points defined by the path of outer edges of the heel teeth while rotating into, and prescribing, the corner as it spirals downwardly during drilling. The rotational axis of the cutter is offset from the geometric centerline or intended rotational axis of the bit. Stabilizing pads extend outwardly from the body, each concluding in a surface that contains a low-friction, wear-resistant surface that engage the wall of the borehole. The center of each surface is located directly across from the contact point of an opposed cutter.
摘要翻译： 岩石钻头具有主体和三个切割器，其包括大致圆锥形的表面，其中至少一个包含最外面的圆周排的后跟齿，其从钻孔壁和底部移除切屑。 脚跟齿形成具有钻孔壁的角部，其中连续接触点由跟部齿的外边缘的路径限定，同时在钻孔期间向下旋转并转向角部并且规定角部。 刀具的旋转轴线偏离钻头的几何中心线或预期旋转轴线。 稳定垫从身体向外延伸，每个结论在包含接合钻孔壁的低摩擦，耐磨表面的表面中。 每个表面的中心位于相对的切割器的接触点的正对面。
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