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公开(公告)号：US6098730A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-08
申请号：US74260
申请日：1998-05-07
申请人： Danny E. Scott , Rudolf C. O. Pessier , Robert J. Farr , Stephen R. Jurewicz , Kenneth M. Jensen , Paul D. Jones
发明人： Danny E. Scott , Rudolf C. O. Pessier , Robert J. Farr , Stephen R. Jurewicz , Kenneth M. Jensen , Paul D. Jones
IPC分类号： E21B10/16 , E21B10/46 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567
CPC分类号： E21B10/5673 , E21B10/16 , E21B10/52
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cantilevered bearing shaft depending inwardly and downwardly from the bit body. A cutter is mounted for rotation on the bearing shaft and includes a plurality of cutting elements. At least one of the cutting elements has a generally cylindrical body formed of hard metal with a convex cutting end. A plurality of substantially recesses are formed on the cutting end of the body. The recesses are configured such that a line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body may extend from any point of each of the recess without touching any other point on the same recess. This enables the cutting element body and the recess to be formed simultaneously by conventional powder metallurgical techniques. A layer of super-hard material is formed on the cutting end of the body and overlays the recesses formed thereon.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一定体积，至少有一个悬臂轴承轴从钻头体向内和向下偏移。 安装刀具用于在轴承轴上旋转并且包括多个切割元件。 至少一个切割元件具有由具有凸形切割端的硬质金属形成的大致圆柱形的主体。 在主体的切割端部上形成有多个基本凹部。 凹部被构造成使得平行于主体的纵向轴线的线可以从每个凹部的任何点延伸，而不会碰到相同凹部上的任何其它点。 这使得切割元件主体和凹部能够通过常规的粉末冶金技术同时形成。 在本体的切割端上形成一层超硬材料，并覆盖其上形成的凹部。
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公开(公告)号：US5890552A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US815063
申请日：1997-03-11
IPC分类号： E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B17/10 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/5673 , E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/5676 , E21B10/5735 , E21B17/1092
摘要： Superabrasive cutting elements for rolling cutter bits, and mounting techniques for such cutting elements. The insert-type cutting elements employ self-supporting superabrasive masses on the exposed tips thereof, the elements being mounted to the rolling cutters by insertion of supporting stud-like insert bodies into apertures in the cutter shells so that the exposed exterior of the interface between the superabrasive mass and the supporting cemented tungsten carbide stud lies outside of the depth of cut of the cutting element into the formation, and in some instances beneath the surface of the shell. The self-supporting superabrasive mass may comprise the entire tip of an insert, or the mass may be of a size and orientation to sustain a particular magnitude and direction of loading, the remainder or a majority of the insert tip being covered by a thinner superabrasive shell Further, the cemented carbide stud material may be configured to extend into the superabrasive tip, and may contain one or more recesses sized and configured to receive a portion of the superabrasive mass so as to provide a self-supporting superabrasive mass against selected loads.
摘要翻译： 用于轧制刀头的超级磨料切割元件以及用于这种切割元件的安装技术。 插入式切割元件在其暴露的顶端上采用自支撑超研磨块，通过将支撑的柱状插入体插入切割器壳体中的孔中，将元件安装到滚动切割器上，使得暴露在外部的界面外部 超研磨材料和支撑胶结碳化钨螺柱位于切割元件的切割深度之外的地层中，并且在一些情况下在壳体的表面下方。 自支撑超研磨材料可以包括插入件的整个尖端，或者该质量块可以具有维持特定尺寸和装载方向的尺寸和取向，其余部分或大部分插入尖端被较薄的超级磨料覆盖 壳体另外，硬质合金螺柱材料可以构造成延伸到超研磨尖端中，并且可以包含一个或多个凹部，其尺寸和构造成接收一部分超磨料物质，以便为选定的载荷提供自支撑的超级磨料。
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公开(公告)号：US5592995A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US468692
申请日：1995-06-06
IPC分类号： E21B10/52 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B10/16
CPC分类号： E21B10/5673 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/5676 , E21B10/5735 , E21B17/1092
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cantilevered bearing shaft depending inwardly and downwardly from the bit body. A cutter is mounted for rotation on the bearing shaft and includes a plurality of cutting elements arranged in generally circumferential rows including an outer or heel row of cutting elements. At least one of the cutting elements in the heel row has an outermost surface at least partially formed of super-hard material that defines a cutting edge for shearing engagement with the sidewall of the borehole as the cutters roll and slide over the bottom of the borehole during drilling operations.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一定体积，至少有一个悬臂轴承轴从钻头体向内和向下偏移。 刀具被安装成用于在轴承轴上旋转，并且包括多个切割元件，该切割元件大致圆周排布置，包括外部或后排的切割元件。 后跟行中的至少一个切割元件具有至少部分由超硬材料形成的最外表面，该超硬材料限定了切割刃，用于与钻孔的侧壁剪切接合，因为切割器在钻孔的底部滚动并滑动 在钻井作业。
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公开(公告)号：US5445231A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US279583
申请日：1994-07-25
CPC分类号： E21B10/50
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body, at least one cutter rotatably secured to the bit body and including a plurality of teeth formed integrally with the cutter and arranged in circumferential rows thereon. A pair of ribs is formed on at least one of the flanks of at least one of the teeth. The ribs are spaced apart to define a central depression therebetween extending through the crest of the tooth. A thickness of wear-resistant material fills the depression. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wear-resistant material is applied over the ribs, crest, and a portion of the ends and flanks of the tooth, wherein the thickness of the wear-resistant material over the depressions greater, preferably 1/8 inch, than that elsewhere on the tooth.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一个位体，至少一个切割器可旋转地固定到钻头体上并且包括与切割器一体地形成并且周向排成一列的多个齿。 一对肋形成在至少一个齿的至少一个侧面上。 肋间隔开以限定其间延伸穿过牙齿顶部的中心凹陷。 耐磨材料的厚度填满凹陷。 根据本发明的优选实施例，耐磨材料被施加在肋，凸起以及齿的端部和侧面的一部分上，其中耐磨材料在凹部上方的厚度更大，优选为1 / 8英寸，比其他地方的牙齿。
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公开(公告)号：US5346026A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US169880
申请日：1993-12-17
IPC分类号： E21B10/16 , E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B17/10 , E21B10/00
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/16 , E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/5673 , E21B10/5735 , E21B17/1092
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a cutter provided with hard gage inserts that protrude from the gage surface of the cutter to engage the side of the borehole for holding gage. The gage insert has a substantially flat, polygonal face, the sides of the polygonal face defining at least a pair of sharp cutting edges and at least a pair of cutting surfaces that define a negative rake angle with respect to the sidewall of the borehole that is being sheared by the gage insert. The face, cutting edge, and cutting surface of the gage insert are formed of a super-hard and abrasion-resistant material such as polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride. The body of the insert is formed of a hard, fracture-tough material such as cemented tungsten carbide. The improved gage inserts are secured into sockets in the gage surface of the rolling cone cutter by interference fit. The improved gage inserts provide an actively cutting gage surface that engages the sidewall of the borehole to promote shearing removal of the sidewall material. Such an improved gage insert provides an earth-boring bit with improved gage-holding ability, and improved steerability in directional drilling operations.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有切割器，其具有从切割器的规格表面突出的硬量规插入件以接合用于保持量具的钻孔侧。 量具插入件具有基本上平坦的多边形面，多边形面的侧面限定至少一对锋利的切割边缘和至少一对切割表面，该切割表面相对于钻孔的侧壁限定负的前角， 被量具插入物剪断。 量规插入件的表面，切削刃和切削表面由超硬耐磨材料形成，例如多晶金刚石或立方氮化硼。 插入物的主体由硬质的，断裂韧性的材料形成，如硬质合金碳化物。 改进的量规插入件通过过盈配合固定在滚动锥形切割机的量规表面中的插座中。 改进的量规插入件提供与钻孔的侧壁接合的主动切割表面，以促进侧壁材料的剪切移除。 这种改进的量规插入件提供了具有改进的量具保持能力的钻孔钻头，并且在定向钻井操作中提高了可操纵性。
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公开(公告)号：US06290007B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09753096
申请日：2001-01-02
IPC分类号： E21B1026
摘要： A rotary drag bit suitable for directional drilling. The bit includes a bit body from which extend radially-oriented blades carrying PDC cutters. The blades extend to primary gage pads, above which secondary gage pads are either longitudinally spaced or rotationally spaced, or both, defining a gap or discontinuity between the primary and secondary gage pads through which drilling fluid from adjacent junk slots may communicate laterally or circumferentially. Longitudinally leading edges of the secondary gage pads carry cutters, such as chisel-shaped cutters for smoothing the sidewall of the borehole. The cutters are preferably configured and oriented so as to provide a relatively aggressive cutting edge to the formation in both longitudinal and rotational directions of bit movement. Cutters may likewise be disposed on the trailing ends of the secondary gage pads to provide an up-drill capability to facilitate removal of the bit from the borehole.
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公开(公告)号：US5479997A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-02
申请号：US293228
申请日：1994-08-19
CPC分类号： E21B17/1092 , E21B10/16 , E21B10/52
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cutter rotatably secured to the bit body. The cutter has a cutter shell surface including a gage surface intersecting a heel surface. A plurality of hard metal inserts are arranged in generally circumferential rows on the cutter and include a heel row of heel inserts on the heel surface of the cutter and a gage row of gage inserts on the gage surface of the cutter. At least one scraper insert, formed of material more wear-resistant than that of the cutter shell surface, is secured to the cutter shell surface generally at the intersection of the gage and heel surfaces. The scraper insert includes a gage and a heel insert surface. The gage and heel surfaces of the scraper insert converge to define a cutting edge for engagement with the sidewall of the borehole, the heel insert surface defining a positive rake angle with respect to the sidewall of the borehole of between 0 and 15 degrees. The cutting edge projects from the heel surface an amount not greater than the lesser of one-half the projection of the heel inserts from the heel surface and 30% of the pitch between the heel inserts.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一个位体，并且至少一个切割器可旋转地固定到钻头体上。 切割器具有切割器外壳表面，其包括与跟部表面相交的计量表面。 多个硬金属插入件在切割器上大致圆周排布置，并且包括在切割器的跟部表面上的跟部插入物的后跟行和在切割器的计量表面上的量规插入件的一排。 至少一个由比刀具表面更耐磨的材料形成的刮刀插入件通常在量规和跟部表面的交叉处固定到刀具壳体表面。 刮刀插入件包括量具和跟部插入表面。 刮刀插入件的量规和跟部表面会聚以限定用于与钻孔的侧壁接合的切割边缘，该后跟插入表面相对于钻孔的侧壁在0和15度之间限定正的前角。 切割边缘从脚跟表面突出一个量不大于后跟插入物从后跟表面的一半投影中的较小者和脚后跟插入物之间的间距的30％的量。
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公开(公告)号：US06332503B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-25
申请号：US09212057
申请日：1998-12-15
IPC分类号： E21B1012
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/16 , E21B10/50 , E21B10/52 , E21B10/5673 , E21B10/5735 , E21B17/1092
摘要： An array of chisel-shaped cutting elements are mounted to the face of a fixed cutter bit. Each cutting element has a crest and an axis which is inclined relative to the borehole bottom. The cutting elements have a hardened diamond exterior on all surfaces in contact with the formation. The chisel-shaped cutting elements may be arranged on a selected portion of the bit, such as the center of the bit, or across the entire cutting surface. In addition, the crest on the cutting elements may be oriented generally parallel or perpendicular to the borehole bottom. The chisel shape and crest orientation increase the initial contact area while reducing aggressiveness. These advantages are achieved without increasing cutter density, reducing back rake, or adding depth of cut limiters. Chisel-shaped cutting elements having crests which are oriented perpendicular to the borehole bottom have the added advantage of displacing the material in a plane that is parallel to the bit face. This reduces the likelihood of harmful bit balling, particularly on heavy set bits with small open face volume.
摘要翻译： 凿子切割元件阵列安装在固定刀头的表面上。 每个切割元件具有相对于钻孔底部倾斜的波峰和轴。 切割元件在与地层接触的所有表面上具有硬化的金刚石外观。 凿子形切割元件可以布置在钻头的选定部分上，例如钻头的中心，或跨越整个切割表面。 此外，切割元件上的波峰可以大致平行或垂直于钻孔底部定向。 凿子形状和波峰方向增加了初始接触面积，同时降低了攻击性。 这些优点在不增加刀具密度，减少后刀尖或增加切削限制器的深度的情况下实现。 具有垂直于钻孔底部定向的波峰的凿状切割元件具有在平行于钻头面的平面内移动材料的附加优点。 这样可以减少有害钻孔的可能性，特别是在打开面积小的重型钻头上。
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公开(公告)号：US5542485A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-06
申请号：US373149
申请日：1995-01-17
CPC分类号： E21B17/1092 , E21B10/16 , E21B10/52
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cutter rotatably secured to the bit body. The cutter has a cutter shell surface including a gage surface and a heel surface. A plurality of cutting elements inserts are arranged in generally circumferential rows on the cutter. At least one chisel-shaped cutting element is secured to the gage surface. The chisel-shaped cutting element has a pair of surfaces converging to define a circumferential crest and is tilted toward the heel surface such that a line drawn through the center of the cutting element and its crest defines an acute angle of between about 15 and 75 degrees with the gage surface of the cutter.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一个位体，并且至少一个切割器可旋转地固定到钻头体上。 切割器具有包括表面和跟部表面的切割器外壳表面。 多个切割元件插入件在切割器上大致圆周排布置。 至少一个凿状切割元件被固定到计量表面上。 凿状切割元件具有会聚的一对表面以限定圆周的顶部并且朝向跟部表面倾斜，使得通过切割元件及其顶部的中心绘制的线限定在大约15至75度之间的锐角 与刀具的表面。
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公开(公告)号：US5351769A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-04
申请号：US76029
申请日：1993-06-14
CPC分类号： E21B10/50
摘要： An earth-boring bit has a bit body and at least one cutter rotatably secured to the bit body. The cutter has a plurality of teeth formed integrally thereon and arranged in circumferential rows. Each of the teeth includes an inner end, an outer end, a pair of flanks and a crest substantially transversely connecting the ends and flanks. The crests of the at least one of the plurality of teeth has a depression formed therein that extends from the outer end of the tooth to an intermediate point along the crest, a remainder of the crest defines a raised crest portion. A wear-resistant material is applied over at least the crest and a portion of at least the ends and flanks of the at least one of the plurality of teeth, wherein the thickness of the wear-resistant material over the depression is substantially greater than elsewhere on the tooth.
摘要翻译： 钻头具有一个位体，并且至少一个切割器可旋转地固定到钻头体上。 切割器具有多个整体形成在其上并以圆周排布置的齿。 每个齿包括内端，外端，一对侧面和基本上横向连接端部和侧面的波峰。 所述多个齿中的至少一个齿的顶部具有形成于其中的凹陷，所述凹陷从所述齿的外端延伸到沿所述顶部的中间点，所述顶部的其余部分限定凸起的顶部。 耐磨材料至少施加在多个齿的至少一个齿的至少顶端和至少一个端部和侧面的一部分上，其中耐磨材料在凹陷上方的厚度基本上大于其它部分 在牙齿上
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