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1.发明授权System and method for distributing route selection in an implementation of a routing protocol 有权在路由协议实现中分配路由选择的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07023808B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US10743973
申请日：2003-12-23
IPC分类号： H04J1/16
摘要： A partial best path technique distributes route selection in a routing protocol implementation on a router. The technique also ensures that announced paths received from peers of the router (i.e., a “load”) are compared in a correct order to select best paths that are then used by the router to forward packets and to advertise to the peers. When employed in a distributed architecture, the technique further reduces memory usage. To that end, the partial best path technique enhances a best path selection algorithm executed by the router to enable dispersion of the received path load among processing nodes or elements of the router, while maintaining the ordering requirement of the algorithm. The partial best path technique essentially provides an enhancement to the best path selection algorithm that selects a subset of paths from a plurality of paths, with that subset being the minimal subset needed to select the best paths.
摘要翻译： 部分最佳路径技术在路由器上的路由协议实现中分配路由选择。 该技术还确保从路由器的对等端（即，“负载”）接收到的公告路径以正确的顺序进行比较，以选择最佳路径，然后由路由器用于转发数据包并向对等体通告。 当在分布式架构中使用时，该技术进一步减少内存使用。 为此，部分最佳路径技术增强了由路由器执行的最佳路径选择算法，以便在维护该算法的排序要求的同时，使路由器的处理节点或元素之间的接收路径负载分散。 部分最佳路径技术基本上为最佳路径选择算法提供了增强，该算法从多个路径中选择路径的子集，该子集是选择最佳路径所需的最小子集。
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公开(公告)号：US07852772B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-14
申请号：US11254609
申请日：2005-10-20
申请人： Clarence Filsfils , Stewart Bryant , Ian Michael Charles Shand , David D. Ward , John Galen Scudder
发明人： Clarence Filsfils , Stewart Bryant , Ian Michael Charles Shand , David D. Ward , John Galen Scudder
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
摘要： A method of implementing a backup path in an autonomous system (AS) for failure of an inter-AS link is described. The method comprises forwarding data elements destined for the failed link via a backup path and including a loop prevention attribute in the packet.
摘要翻译： 描述了在自治系统（AS）中实现AS间链路故障的备用路径的方法。 该方法包括经由备份路径转发去往故障链路的数据元素，并在分组中包括环路防止属性。
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公开(公告)号：US07633874B1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-15
申请号：US10833811
申请日：2004-04-28
IPC分类号： G06F11/00 , G01R31/08 , G08C15/00 , G06F15/173
摘要： A soft notification technique isolates address family application based errors or events occurring within a routing protocol, such as the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), used to exchange routing information between a router and its peer router over a BGP session operating on a reliable transport. The technique apportions the session into a plurality of logical subsets, each of which is associated with an address family application (AFI/SAFI) module of a BGP protocol executing on the routers. BGP soft notification messaging is employed to allow the router to notify its peer of an isolated error condition or event associated with an AFI/SAFI module. Isolation of the error/event enables restart (“soft reset”) of only the associated AFI/SAFI module, thereby obviating the need to reset or terminate the entire BGP session and reliable transport between the router and peer. Notably, soft reset of the module occurs without disrupting services provided by other AFI/SAFI modules of the BGP protocol.
摘要翻译： 软通知技术隔离在路由协议（如边界网关协议（BGP））中发生的地址族应用程序错误或事件，用于通过在可靠传输上运行的BGP会话在路由器与其对等路由器之间交换路由信息。 该技术将会话分配到多个逻辑子集中，每个逻辑子集与在路由器上执行的BGP协议的地址族应用（AFI / SAFI）模块相关联。 使用BGP软通知消息传递来允许路由器通知其对等体与AFI / SAFI模块相关联的隔离的错误状况或事件。 隔离错误/事件只能使相关的AFI / SAFI模块重新启动（“软复位”），从而避免重置或终止整个BGP会话以及路由器和对等体之间的可靠传输。 值得注意的是，模块的软复位不会中断BGP协议的其他AFI / SAFI模块提供的服务。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07461154B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-02
申请号：US10992499
申请日：2004-11-18
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/586
摘要： A virtual router (VR) communication arrangement enables services on different VRs executing on the same physical router to communicate without utilizing or substantially consuming communication resources, such as a network protocol stack and physical interfaces, of the physical router. The services are illustratively implemented as separately-scheduled VR processes executing on the physical router. A virtual router forwarding information base (vrFIB) is provided within a client socket library of each VR process and is used to determine whether the services are on the same physical router. If so, a lightweight interconnection is created between the services and a message (“packet”) is forwarded over that interconnection to effectuate communication. If the services are not on the same physical router, the packet is sent over the network protocol stack and communication is established using the communication resources of the router.
摘要翻译： 虚拟路由器（VR）通信布置使得在相同物理路由器上执行的不同VR上的服务能够在不利用或基本上消耗物理路由器的诸如网络协议栈和物理接口的通信资源的情况下进行通信。 这些服务被说明性地实现为在物理路由器上执行的单独调度的VR进程。 虚拟路由器转发信息库（vrFIB）在每个VR进程的客户机套接字库中提供，用于确定服务是否在同一物理路由器上。 如果是这样，则在服务之间创建轻量级互连，并且通过该互连转发消息（“分组”）以实现通信。 如果业务不在同一物理路由器上，则通过网络协议栈发送数据包，并使用路由器的通信资源建立通信。
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公开(公告)号：US20080147843A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-19
申请号：US12041378
申请日：2008-03-03
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
摘要： In one embodiment, a router generates a notification message that indicates the router is to be gracefully removed from service. The router sends the notification message to peers of the router in a network. The router then continues to forward packets for a grace period after sending the notification message, to permit backup paths to be propagated to peers, and to be put into service, prior to withdrawal from service of paths through the router. Thereafter, the router is removed from service at the expiration of the grace period.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，路由器生成指示路由器被正常地从服务中移除的通知消息。 路由器向网络中的路由器的对等体发送通知消息。 然后，在发送通知消息之后，路由器继续转发宽带时段，允许将备份路径传播到对等体，并在撤销通过路由器的路径服务之前投入使用。 此后，在宽限期结束时，路由器将从服务中删除。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07983153B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-19
申请号：US12481411
申请日：2009-06-09
申请人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Jean-Philippe Vasseur , Jim Guichard
发明人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Jean-Philippe Vasseur , Jim Guichard
摘要： In one embodiment, an edge device in a first routing domain is configured to communicate with a second routing domain via a data link. The edge device receives a data packet containing a destination address that is reachable via the second routing domain and an indication that the data packet is a protected packet that was previously rerouted from another edge device in the first routing domain via a Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Fast Reroute (FRR) backup path. The edge device determines if communication with the second routing domain is still available via the data link, and if so, removes the indication that the data packet is a protected packet and forwards the data packet to the second routing domain, and, if not, drops the data packet to prevent the data packet from being rerouted a second time in the first routing domain on another MPLS FRR backup path.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，第一路由域中的边缘设备被配置为经由数据链路与第二路由域进行通信。 边缘设备接收包含经由第二路由域可到达的目的地地址的数据分组，以及指示数据分组是先前通过多协议标签交换在第一路由域中从另一边缘设备重新路由的受保护分组的指示 （MPLS）快速重路由（FRR）备份路径。 边缘设备确定与第二路由域的通信是否仍然通过数据链路可用，如果是，则删除数据分组是受保护分组的指示，并将数据分组转发到第二路由域，如果不是， 删除数据包，以防止数据包在另一个MPLS FRR备份路径上的第一个路由域再次被重新路由。
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公开(公告)号：US07864669B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US11254587
申请日：2005-10-20
申请人： Olivier Bonaventure , Pierre Francois , Clarence Filsfils , Stewart Bryant , David D. Ward , John Galen Scudder , Stefano B. Previdi , Ian Michael Charles Shand , Gargi Nalawade
发明人： Olivier Bonaventure , Pierre Francois , Clarence Filsfils , Stewart Bryant , David D. Ward , John Galen Scudder , Stefano B. Previdi , Ian Michael Charles Shand , Gargi Nalawade
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L45/22 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/28 , H04L2212/00
摘要： A method of constructing a backup path in an autonomous system (AS) for failure of an inter-AS link is described. The method comprises identifying an alternate inter-AS path and constructing a tunnel to an end point on the alternate path.
摘要翻译： 描述了在自治系统（AS）中构建用于AS间链路故障的备用路径的方法。 该方法包括识别替代的AS间路径并构建到备用路径上的终点的隧道。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07639688B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-29
申请号：US11183381
申请日：2005-07-18
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/742 , H04L45/04 , H04L63/10
摘要： A method and system for protecting valuable resources within an autonomous system network. Address prefixes within the system are designated as valuable and a flag bit is associated with the address within routing tables of routers of the network. Interfaces to border routers are identified and when packets are received at those interfaces, the packets are flagged with a flag or tag bit. The destination address of the received packet is compared to the flag bit associated with the valuable resource prefix, and if the packet is directed to that resource the packet is dropped and/or logged, but the packet is not forwarded to that resource. In specific cases an interface from an external source may be configured to not create the flag or tag bit, wherein that packet will be delivered to the destination prefix of the packet.
摘要翻译： 一种用于保护自治系统网络内有价值资源的方法和系统。 系统中的地址前缀被指定为有价值的，并且标志位与网络的路由器的路由表中的地址相关联。 识别到边界路由器的接口，并且当在这些接口处接收到分组时，分组被标记为标志或标记位。 将接收到的分组的目的地地址与与有价值的资源前缀相关联的标志位进行比较，并且如果分组指向该资源，则分组被丢弃和/或记录，但是分组不被转发到该资源。 在特定情况下，来自外部源的接口可以被配置为不创建标志或标记位，其中该分组将被传递到分组的目的地前缀。
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公开(公告)号：US07355983B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US10775877
申请日：2004-02-10
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
摘要： A graceful shutdown technique modifies a routing protocol to allow an intermediate node, such as a router, to announce to its peer routers (peers) its intention to be gracefully shutdown and removed from service in a network. By announcing its intention to be removed from service, the shutdown router closes (terminates) all connections with its peers and all original routes advertised on those connections are removed (withdrawn) from service. According to the inventive technique, the shutdown router may continue forwarding packets over the network for a “grace” period of time, i.e., the router maintains the validity of those original routes so that packets mapped to the routes are not dropped (at least during the grace period). The grace period also allows backup paths to be propagated to each peer and put into service prior to a final withdrawal of the shutdown router's paths from a forwarding information base of the peer. Thus, the grace period enables the network to continue using the shutdown router as a next hop as it re-converges to use the alternate, backup paths.
摘要翻译： 优雅的关机技术修改路由协议，允许诸如路由器之类的中间节点向其对等路由器（对等体）通告其意图被正常关闭并从网络中的服务中删除。 关闭路由器通过宣布将其从服务中删除，关闭（终止）与对等体的所有连接，并将从这些连接发布的所有原始路由从服务中删除（撤销）。 根据本发明的技术，关闭路由器可以在“宽限”时间段内继续通过网络转发分组，即，路由器保持那些原始路由的有效性，使得映射到路由的分组不被丢弃（至少在 宽限期）。 宽限期还允许将备份路径传播到每个对等体，并在关闭路由器的路径从对等体的转发信息库最后提取之前投入使用。 因此，宽限期允许网络在重新收敛以使用备用路径时继续使用关闭路由器作为下一跳。
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公开(公告)号：US08572225B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-29
申请号：US12041378
申请日：2008-03-03
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F15/16
摘要： In one embodiment, a router generates a notification message that indicates the router is to be gracefully removed from service. The router sends the notification message to peers of the router in a network. The router then continues to forward packets for a grace period after sending the notification message, to permit backup paths to be propagated to peers, and to be put into service, prior to withdrawal from service of paths through the router. Thereafter, the router is removed from service at the expiration of the grace period.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，路由器生成指示路由器被正常地从服务中移除的通知消息。 路由器向网络中的路由器的对等体发送通知消息。 然后，在发送通知消息之后，路由器继续转发宽带时段，允许将备份路径传播到对等体，并在撤销通过路由器的路径服务之前投入使用。 此后，在宽限期结束时，路由器将从服务中删除。
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