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1.发明申请Method for identifying effect pigments in a paint film for field color matching 审中-公开用于识别用于场色匹配的漆膜中的效果颜料的方法公开(公告)号：US20070146713A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-28
申请号：US10546670
申请日：2004-04-28
申请人： David Alman , Thomas Phelan , Jebby Tommy
发明人： David Alman , Thomas Phelan , Jebby Tommy
IPC分类号： C23C16/52
摘要： The present method invention provides a portable method useful for identifying the effect pigments used in developing a color matched formula for a vehicle repair paint. The method comprises observation of effect pigment properties of the coating of a vehicle to be matched, in a field location with a portable magnification apparatus, and comparison of the effect pigment properties with reference sample(s) properties of available effect pigments, thus enabling precise selection of effect pigment(s). The method may also utilize features derived from images of physical reference samples of available effect pigments, for comparison purposes. Further, the method may, in a field or centralized laboratory location, utilize a comparison of the effect pigment properties of images of the vehicle coating to be matched, or features derived from images thereof, with images of reference samples of available effect pigments, or features derived from images thereof, thus enabling precise selection the effect pigment or pigments to use in the development of said color matched formula.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种便携式方法，其用于鉴定用于开发用于车辆修补漆的配色配方的效果颜料。 该方法包括在具有便携式放大装置的现场位置观察要匹配的车辆的涂层的效果颜料性质，以及将效果颜料性质与可用效应颜料的参考样品性质的比较，从而使得能够精确 选择效果颜料。 为了比较，该方法还可以利用从可用效应颜料的物理参考样品的图像得到的特征。 此外，该方法可以在现场或集中的实验室位置利用将要匹配的车辆涂料的影像颜料性质或其图像的特征与可用效应颜料的参考样品的图像进行比较，或 从图像中获得的特征，从而能够精确地选择在所述颜色匹配公式的开发中使用的效果颜料或颜料。
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080010027A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-10
申请号：US11725810
申请日：2007-03-20
申请人： David Alman
发明人： David Alman
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for predicting the non-color properties of a chemical mixture, such as an automotive paint, using an artificial neural network. The neural network includes an input layer having nodes for receiving input data related to the chemical components of the mixture and environmental and process conditions that can affect the properties of the mixture. An output layer having nodes generate output data which predict the properties of the chemical mixture as a result of variation of the input data. A hidden layer having nodes is connected to the nodes in the input and output layers. Weighted connections connect the nodes of the input, hidden and output layers and threshold weights are applied to the hidden and output layer nodes. The connection and threshold weights have values to calculate the relationship between input data and output data. The data to the input layer and the data to the output layer are interrelated through the neural network's nonlinear relationship. When implemented, accurate predictions of the final properties of the mixture can be obtained. The invention is especially useful in relating automotive paint formulation variables (e.g., paint ingredient amounts and application process conditions) to physical properties (e.g., viscosity, sag), appearance (e.g., hiding, gloss, distinctness of image) or other measured properties enabling comparison of formula properties to target values or tolerances without expensive experimental work.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种使用人造神经网络预测化学混合物（例如汽车漆）的非颜色性质的方法和装置。 神经网络包括具有用于接收与混合物的化学成分相关的输入数据的节点的输入层以及可影响混合物性质的环境和工艺条件。 具有节点的输出层产生作为输入数据变化的结果来预测化学混合物的特性的输出数据。 具有节点的隐藏层连接到输入和输出层中的节点。 加权连接连接输入，隐藏和输出层的节点，阈值权重应用于隐藏和输出层节点。 连接和阈值权重具有计算输入数据和输出数据之间关系的值。 通过神经网络的非线性关系，输入层的数据和输出层的数据是相互关联的。 当实施时，可以获得混合物的最终性能的准确预测。 本发明特别可用于将汽车涂料配方变量（例如，涂料成分量和涂布工艺条件）与物理性能（例如粘度，凹陷），外观（例如隐藏，光泽度，图像的明显性）或其他测量性质相关联 公式性能与目标值或公差的比较，无需昂贵的实验工作。
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20060031027A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-09
申请号：US10911020
申请日：2004-08-03
申请人： David Alman
发明人： David Alman
IPC分类号： G01N31/00
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for predicting the non-color properties of a chemical mixture, such as an automotive paint, using an artificial neural network. The neural network includes an input layer having nodes for receiving input data related to the chemical components of the mixture and environmental and process conditions that can affect the properties of the mixture. An output layer having nodes generate output data which predict the properties of the chemical mixture as a result of variation of the input data. A hidden layer having nodes is connected to the nodes in the input and output layers. Weighted connections connect the nodes of the input, hidden and output layers and threshold weights are applied to the hidden and output layer nodes. The connection and threshold weights have values to calculate the relationship between input data and output data. The data to the input layer and the data to the output layer are interrelated through the neural network's nonlinear relationship. When implemented, accurate predictions of the final properties of the mixture can be obtained. The invention is especially useful in relating automotive paint formulation variables (e.g., paint ingredient amounts and application process conditions) to physical properties (e.g., viscosity, sag), appearance (e.g., hiding, gloss, distinctness of image) or other measured properties enabling comparison of formula properties to target values or tolerances without expensive experimental work.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种使用人造神经网络预测化学混合物（例如汽车漆）的非颜色性质的方法和装置。 神经网络包括具有用于接收与混合物的化学成分相关的输入数据的节点的输入层以及可影响混合物性质的环境和工艺条件。 具有节点的输出层产生作为输入数据变化的结果来预测化学混合物的特性的输出数据。 具有节点的隐藏层连接到输入和输出层中的节点。 加权连接连接输入，隐藏和输出层的节点，阈值权重应用于隐藏和输出层节点。 连接和阈值权重具有计算输入数据和输出数据之间关系的值。 通过神经网络的非线性关系，输入层的数据和输出层的数据是相互关联的。 当实施时，可以获得混合物的最终性能的准确预测。 本发明特别可用于将汽车涂料配方变量（例如，涂料成分量和涂布工艺条件）与物理性能（例如粘度，凹陷），外观（例如隐藏，光泽度，图像的明显性）或其他测量性质相关联 公式性能与目标值或公差的比较，无需昂贵的实验工作。
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公开(公告)号：US20070003691A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-04
申请号：US11418433
申请日：2006-05-04
申请人： Allan Rodrigues , John Gallagher , David Alman
发明人： Allan Rodrigues , John Gallagher , David Alman
摘要： A process for refinishing or repainting a damaged paint area of a vehicle or part thereof using a computer-implemented method to determine a refinish paint formula that can be matched to the color of the original paint; in this process: a) the color data values of the original paint to be matched are determined; b) the color data values are entered into a computer containing a color cluster data base and color clusters each having a centroid and a refinish paint formula associated with each centroid; c) the color data values of the original paint are positioned in a color cluster via computer implementation and a refinish paint associated with the centroid of the color cluster having color characteristics close to the color characteristics of the original paint is obtained; and d) spray applying the refinish paint of step c) to the damaged paint area using conventional techniques thereby matching the color characteristics of the refinish paint to the undamaged original paint of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 使用计算机实施的方法来修复或重新涂覆车辆或其部分的损坏油漆区域的过程，以确定可与原始油漆颜色相匹配的修补漆配方; 在此过程中：a）确定要匹配的原始油漆的颜色数据值; b）将颜色数据值输入到包含颜色聚类数据库和颜色簇的计算机，每个颜色簇具有与每个质心相关联的重心和修补漆配方; c）通过计算机实现将原始油漆的颜色数据值定位在颜色簇中，获得与具有接近原始油漆颜色特性的颜色特征的颜色聚类中心相关联的修补漆; 和d）使用常规技术将步骤c）的修补漆喷涂到损坏的油漆区域，从而将修补漆的颜色特性与车辆未损坏的原漆相匹配。
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公开(公告)号：US20060169051A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-03
申请号：US11332062
申请日：2006-01-13
IPC分类号： G01B11/16
CPC分类号： G01N21/8422 , G01B11/303 , G01J3/465 , G01N21/57 , G01N2021/8427 , G01N2201/13
摘要： Disclosed herein is a method for selecting and specifying an appearance of a surface of a coated article, such as an automobile or truck body.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于选择和指定诸如汽车或卡车车身的涂覆制品的表面的外观的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US08317944B1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-27
申请号：US13282211
申请日：2011-10-26
IPC分类号： C22C38/00
CPC分类号： C21D6/002 , C21D6/02 , C21D2211/004 , C21D2211/008 , C22C38/02 , C22C38/04 , C22C38/22 , C22C38/24 , C22C38/26 , C22C38/28 , C23C12/02
摘要： One or more embodiments relates to a high-temperature, titanium alloyed, 9 Cr-1 Mo steel exhibiting improved creep strength and oxidation resistance at service temperatures up to 650° C. The 9 Cr-1 Mo steel has a tempered martensite microstructure and is comprised of both large (0.5-3 μm) primary titanium carbides and small (5-50 nm) secondary titanium carbides in a ratio of. from about 1:1.5 to about 1.5:1. The 9 Cr-1 Mo steel may be fabricated using exemplary austenizing, rapid cooling, and tempering steps without subsequent hot working requirements. The 9 Cr-1 Mo steel exhibits improvements in total mass gain, yield strength, and time-to-rupture over ASTM P91 and ASTM P92 at the temperature and time conditions examined.
摘要翻译： 一个或多个实施方案涉及在高达650℃的使用温度下表现出改进的蠕变强度和抗氧化性的高温钛合金的9Cr-1 Mo钢.9Cr-1 Mo钢具有回火马氏体组织，并且是 由大（0.5-3μm）的主碳化钛和小（5-50nm）的二次碳化钛组成。 约1：1.5至约1.5：1。 9 Cr-1 Mo钢可以使用示例性的奥氏体化，快速冷却和回火步骤制造，而无需后续的热加工要求。 在所考察的温度和时间条件下，9Cr-1 Mo钢在总体质量增益，屈服强度和断裂时间方面均优于ASTM P91和ASTM P92。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08246767B1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12209488
申请日：2008-09-12
IPC分类号： C21D6/02
CPC分类号： C21D6/002 , C21D6/02 , C21D2211/004 , C21D2211/008 , C22C38/02 , C22C38/04 , C22C38/22 , C22C38/24 , C22C38/26 , C22C38/28 , C23C12/02
摘要： The invention relates to a composition and heat treatment for a high-temperature, titanium alloyed, 9 Cr-1 Mo steel exhibiting improved creep strength and oxidation resistance at service temperatures up to 650° C. The novel combination of composition and heat treatment produces a heat treated material containing both large primary titanium carbides and small secondary titanium carbides. The primary titanium carbides contribute to creep strength while the secondary titanium carbides act to maintain a higher level of chromium in the finished steel for increased oxidation resistance, and strengthen the steel by impeding the movement of dislocations through the crystal structure. The heat treated material provides improved performance at comparable cost to commonly used high-temperature steels such as ASTM P91 and ASTM P92, and requires heat treatment consisting solely of austenization, rapid cooling, tempering, and final cooling, avoiding the need for any hot-working in the austenite temperature range.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种高温，钛合金的9Cr-1 Mo钢的组成和热处理，其在高达650℃的使用温度下具有改进的蠕变强度和抗氧化性。组合和热处理的新颖组合产生 含有大的初级碳化钛和小的二次碳化钛的热处理材料。 主要的碳化钛有助于蠕变强度，而二次碳化钛在成品钢中保持较高水平的铬，以提高耐氧化性，并通过阻止位错通过晶体结构的运动来加强钢。 经热处理的材料与常规使用的高温钢（例如ASTM P91和ASTM P92）相当的成本提供了改进的性能，并且仅需要由奥氏体化，快速冷却，回火和最终冷却组成的热处理， 在奥氏体温度范围内工作。
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