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    Electrodes and method of preparation thereof for use in electrochemical cells
    1.
    发明授权
    Electrodes and method of preparation thereof for use in electrochemical cells 失效
    用于电化学电池的电极及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4342792A

    公开(公告)日：1982-08-03

    申请号：US262415

    申请日：1981-05-11

    申请人： David E. Brown ,  Stephen M. Hall ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    发明人： David E. Brown ,  Stephen M. Hall ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    IPC分类号： H01M4/88 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  H01M4/90 ,  B05D5/12

    CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 ,  H01M4/90

    摘要： This invention relates to novel electrodes and a method of preparation thereof for use in electrochemical cells. The novel electrodes contain a combination of electrocatalysts deposited on a metal substrate.The electrocatalysts are deposited from a homogeneous solution of the compounds of (a) at least one metal selected from iron, cobalt, manganese and nickel, (b) at least one metal selected from molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten, and (c) at least one rare earth metal of the lanthanide group having an atomic number of 57-71 inclusive, the metal compounds are decomposed to the oxides and the oxide coated substrate cured at elevated temperature in a reducing atmosphere. The electrodes thus produced can be used as an anode or as a cathode in fuel cells and in cells for the electrolysis of water or brines.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及新型电极及其制备方法，用于电化学电池。 新型电极包含沉积在金属基底上的电催化剂的组合。 所述电极催化剂由（a）选自铁，钴，锰和镍中的至少一种金属的化合物的均匀溶液沉积，（b）至少一种选自钼，钒和钨的金属，和（c）至少 镧系元素的一种稀土金属的原子序数为57-71，其中金属化合物分解成氧化物，氧化物涂覆的基底在还原气氛中在升高的温度下固化。 由此产生的电极可用作燃料电池中的阳极或阴极，以及用于电解水或盐水的电池。

    Electrochemical organic synthesis
    2.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical organic synthesis 失效
    电化学有机合成

    公开(公告)号：US4474652A

    公开(公告)日：1984-10-02

    申请号：US578665

    申请日：1984-02-09

    申请人： David E. Brown ,  Stephen M. Hall ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    发明人： David E. Brown ,  Stephen M. Hall ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    IPC分类号： C25B3/04 ,  C25B1/00

    CPC分类号： C25B3/04

    摘要： The present invention relates to an electrochemical process for synthesizing carboxylic acids by reduction of gaseous oxides of carbon in which a gas transfer electrode is used as the cathode.The gas transfer electrodes are preferably used as hydrophobic gas transfer electrodes. In carrying out the process it is particularly preferred to use porous, hydrophobic gas transfer electrodes made from an electrocatalyst e.g. carbon, bound in a polymer such as polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In the case of some reactions another electro-catalyst may be added to the carbon/polymer mixture.The process is particularly suited to producing acids such as formic acid and oxalic acid.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过还原其中使用气体转移电极作为阴极的碳的气态氧化物来合成羧酸的电化学方法。 气体转移电极优选用作疏水性气体转移电极。 在进行该方法时，特别优选使用由电催化剂制成的多孔疏水性气体转移电极。 碳，结合在聚合物如聚乙烯或聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）中。 在一些反应的情况下，可以向碳/聚合物混合物中加入另一种电催化剂。 该方法特别适用于生产酸如甲酸和草酸。

    Method of stabilizing electrodes coated with mixed oxide electrocatalysts during use in electrochemical cells
    4.
    发明授权
    Method of stabilizing electrodes coated with mixed oxide electrocatalysts during use in electrochemical cells 失效
    在电化学电池使用期间使用混合氧化物电催化剂涂覆电极的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4426269A

    公开(公告)日：1984-01-17

    申请号：US170668

    申请日：1979-10-22

    申请人： David E. Brown ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    发明人： David E. Brown ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    IPC分类号： H01M4/06 ,  C25B11/00 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M8/08 ,  C25B11/04

    CPC分类号： C25B11/00

    摘要： An electrochemical cell with an electrode having deposited thereon an electrocatalyst which is a mixed oxide of nickel-molydenum, nickel-tungsten, cobalt-molydenum or cobalt-tungsten and containing an aqueous alkaline electrolyte comprising an aqueous solution of a molybdenum, vanadium or tungsten compound. The electrodes are preferably prepared by alternately coating an electrode core with a compound of nickel or cobalt, and with a compound of molydenum or tungsten, said compounds being capable of thermal decomposition to the corresponding oxides, heating the coated core at an elevated temperature to form a layer of the mixed oxides on the core and finally curing the core with the mixed oxide layer thereon in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature between 350.degree. C. and 600.degree. C. The cells are particularly suitable for use in the electrolysis of water or brine.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB79 / 00040 Sec。 371日期1979年10月22日 102（e）1979年10月22日日期PCT提交1979年3月5日PCT公布。 出版物WO79 / 00709 日本9月20日，1979年。一种具有电极的电化学电池，其上沉积有镍 - 钼，镍 - 钨，钴 - 钼或钴 - 钨的混合氧化物并含有碱性电解液的电催化剂，其包含水溶液 钼，钒或钨化合物。 电极优选通过用镍或钴的化合物交替地涂覆电极芯，并且与钼或钨的化合物交替地涂覆，所述化合物能够热分解成相应的氧化物，在升高的温度下加热涂覆的芯以形成 一层核心上的混合氧化物，并在350℃至600℃之间的温度下，在还原气氛中，将其上的混合氧化物层的核心固化。该电池特别适用于电解水或 盐水。

    Method of inhibiting formation of and breaking of mercury butter in chlor-alkali cells
    5.
    发明授权
    Method of inhibiting formation of and breaking of mercury butter in chlor-alkali cells 失效
    抑制氯碱电池中汞黄油的形成和破坏的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4391681A

    公开(公告)日：1983-07-05

    申请号：US377606

    申请日：1982-05-13

    申请人： Susan Anderson ,  David E. Brown ,  David E. Graham ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood ,  Maurice C. M. Man

    发明人： Susan Anderson ,  David E. Brown ,  David E. Graham ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood ,  Maurice C. M. Man

    IPC分类号： C25B1/36 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/42

    CPC分类号： C25B1/36

    摘要： The present invention relates to a method of inhibiting the formation of and/or breaking of preformed mercury butter in chlor-alkali cells. The method comprises introducing at any one of the numerous stages of the electrolytic process an aqueous solution of a surfactant material which enables the interfacial tension of the sodium-amalgam interface to be increased to or maintained above a value of 180 dynes/cm. The surfactants may be extracts of decaying vegetation, solutions of carboxylic acids or chlorohydrocarbons. Extracts containing lignite or humic acids are most effective.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种在氯碱电池中抑制预形成的汞黄油的形成和/或断裂的方法。 该方法包括在电解过程的许多阶段的任何一个阶段引入表面活性剂材料的水溶液，使得能够将钠 - 汞齐界面的界面张力增加到180达因/厘米以上。 表面活性剂可以是腐烂植被，羧酸或氯代烃溶液的提取物。 含有褐煤或腐殖酸的提取物是最有效的。

    Method of preparing active electrodes
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of preparing active electrodes 失效
    制备活性电极的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4358475A

    公开(公告)日：1982-11-09

    申请号：US242458

    申请日：1981-03-11

    申请人： David E. Brown ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    发明人： David E. Brown ,  Mahmood N. Mahmood

    IPC分类号： H01M4/90 ,  C23C18/12 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  C25B11/10 ,  H01M4/88 ,  B05D5/12

    CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 ,  Y02E60/366

    摘要： This invention relates to a method of producing metal electrodes by treating a metal electrode substrate so as to coat the substrate surface with a homogeneous solution of the compounds of (i) at least one metal selected from a first group of iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese (ii) at least one other metal selected from a second group of molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium, each of which compound is capable of thermal decomposition to the corresponding metal oxide. The coated substrate is then thermally decomposed and the oxide-coated substrate is cured in a reducing atmosphere at elevated temperature. Substrates coated with Ni-Mo oxides are preferred. The electrodes thus produced exhibit very low overvoltage, are of high stability with respect to their activity and can be used as cathodes for the electrolysis of water or brine.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种金属电极的制造方法，其特征在于，通过处理金属电极基板，以使（i）选自第一组铁，钴，镍中的至少一种的金属和 锰（ii）选自第二组钼，钨和钒中的至少一种其它金属，其中每种化合物能够热分解成相应的金属氧化物。 然后将涂覆的基材热分解，并且氧化物涂覆的基材在升高的温度下在还原气氛中固化。 用Ni-Mo氧化物涂覆的基材是优选的。 由此产生的电极表现出非常低的过电压，相对于它们的活性具有高稳定性，并且可以用作电解水或盐水的阴极。

    Dynamic wireless networks and interactive wireless information communication and delivery systems for calculating distance to an object
    7.
    发明授权
    Dynamic wireless networks and interactive wireless information communication and delivery systems for calculating distance to an object 有权
    动态无线网络和用于计算距离物体的交互式无线信息通信和传送系统

    公开(公告)号：US08594638B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-11-26

    申请号：US13310761

    申请日：2011-12-04

    申请人： Rick Sturdivant ,  Joaquin Felipe Brown ,  David E. Brown ,  Chris Turner ,  Aaron Dewitt

    发明人： Rick Sturdivant ,  Joaquin Felipe Brown ,  David E. Brown ,  Chris Turner ,  Aaron Dewitt

    IPC分类号： H04M3/42 ,  H04W24/00

    CPC分类号： H04W4/023 ,  H04B17/27 ,  H04B17/318 ,  H04W64/00

    摘要： A method is disclosed for calculating a distance to objects or a nearest object to a wireless enabled device. The method includes the steps of broadcasting a signal by the wireless enabled device to data tags, receiving by the data tags the signal by the wireless enabled device, and obtaining by each of the data tags a signal strength indicator of the wireless enabled device based on the signal from the wireless enabled device. Each of the data tags in a range transmits a signal to the wireless enabled device including the signal strength indicator of the wireless enabled device. Each signal strength indicator of the wireless enabled device is communicated to a positioning and communication system.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于计算到与无线使能设备的物体或最近物体的距离的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：将无线使能设备的信号广播到数据标签，由数据标签接收无线使能设备的信号，以及通过每个数据标签获得基于无线功能的设备的信号强度指示符，基于 来自无线使能设备的信号。 范围中的每个数据标签将信号发送到包括无线使能设备的信号强度指示符的无线使能设备。 无线使能设备的每个信号强度指示符被传送到定位和通信系统。

    DYNAMIC WIRELESS NETWORKS AND INTERACTIVE WIRELESS INFORMATION COMMUNICATION AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR CALCULATING DISTANCE TO AN OBJECT
    9.
    发明申请
    DYNAMIC WIRELESS NETWORKS AND INTERACTIVE WIRELESS INFORMATION COMMUNICATION AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR CALCULATING DISTANCE TO AN OBJECT 有权
    动态无线网络和交互式无线信息通信和传送系统，用于计算对象的距离

    公开(公告)号：US20130040588A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-02-14

    申请号：US13310761

    申请日：2011-12-04

    申请人： Rick Sturdivant ,  Joaquin Felipe Brown ,  David E. Brown ,  Chris Turner ,  Aaron Dewitt

    发明人： Rick Sturdivant ,  Joaquin Felipe Brown ,  David E. Brown ,  Chris Turner ,  Aaron Dewitt

    IPC分类号： H04B17/00 ,  H04W24/00

    CPC分类号： H04W4/023 ,  H04B17/27 ,  H04B17/318 ,  H04W64/00

    摘要： A method is disclosed for calculating a distance to objects or a nearest object to a wireless enabled device. The method includes the steps of broadcasting a signal by the wireless enabled device to data tags, receiving by the data tags the signal by the wireless enabled device, and obtaining by each of the data tags a signal strength indicator of the wireless enabled device based on the signal from the wireless enabled device. Each of the data tags in a range transmits a signal to the wireless enabled device including the signal strength indicator of the wireless enabled device. Each signal strength indicator of the wireless enabled device is communicated to a positioning and communication system.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于计算到与无线使能设备的物体或最近物体的距离的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：将无线使能设备的信号广播到数据标签，由数据标签接收无线使能设备的信号，以及通过每个数据标签获得基于无线功能的设备的信号强度指示符，基于 来自无线使能设备的信号。 范围中的每个数据标签将信号发送到包括无线使能设备的信号强度指示符的无线使能设备。 无线使能设备的每个信号强度指示符被传送到定位和通信系统。

    METHOD OF PRODUCING A RELIEF IMAGE FOR PRINTING
    10.
    发明申请
    METHOD OF PRODUCING A RELIEF IMAGE FOR PRINTING 有权
    制作印刷图像的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120127443A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-24

    申请号：US13314219

    申请日：2011-12-08

    申请人： M. Zaki Ali ,  David E. Brown ,  Elsie A. Fohrenkamm ,  Michael B. Heller

    发明人： M. Zaki Ali ,  David E. Brown ,  Elsie A. Fohrenkamm ,  Michael B. Heller

    IPC分类号： G03B27/42

    CPC分类号： G03F7/0035 ,  G03F7/2016 ,  Y10S430/145

    摘要： The present invention involves a method for making a relief image. A film that includes a carrier sheet and an imageable material is used to form a mask image that is opaque to a curing radiation. In one embodiment, the mask image is formed on the carrier sheet while in another embodiment, the mask image is formed on a receptor sheet. The mask image is then transferred to a photosensitive material, such as a flexographic printing plate precursor. The resulting assembly is exposed to the curing radiation resulting in exposed and unexposed areas of the photosensitive material. The carrier sheet or the receptor sheet may be removed from the mask image either before or after exposure to the curing radiation. Finally, the photosensitive material and mask image assembly is developed with a suitable developer to form a relief image.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种制作浮雕图像的方法。 使用包括载体片和可成像材料的膜来形成对固化辐射不透明的掩模图像。 在一个实施例中，掩模图像形成在载体片上，而在另一个实施例中，掩模图像形成在接收片上。 然后将掩模图像转印到感光材料，例如柔版印刷版前体。 所得的组件暴露于固化辐射，导致感光材料的暴露和未曝光的区域。 载体片或接收片可以在暴露于固化辐射之前或之后从掩模图像中去除。 最后，感光材料和掩模图像组件用合适的显影剂显影以形成浮雕图像。