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公开(公告)号：USRE31774E
公开(公告)日：1984-12-18
申请号：US532347
申请日：1983-09-15
IPC分类号： G01R19/02 , G01R21/133
CPC分类号： G01R19/02 , G01R21/133
摘要： There is provided a method for measuring a parameter whose value is calculable as an integral with time of a function of at least one variable so as to make possible the use of a microprocessor when measurements of such variables are desired. The variable is sampled periodically at a frequency asynchronous with the wave form which the variable follows and then there is periodically calculated the value of the function by summing the values for the function determined by the samples taken during the time between the calculations, thus determining the desired integral.
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公开(公告)号：US4240149A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-16
申请号：US12632
申请日：1979-02-16
IPC分类号： G01R19/02 , G01R21/133 , G06F15/20
CPC分类号： G01R19/02 , G01R21/133
摘要： There is provided a method for measuring a parameter whose value is calculable as an integral with time of a function of at least one variable so as to make possible the use of a microprocessor when measurements of such variables are desired. The variable is sampled periodically at a frequency asynchronous with the wave form which the variable follows and then there is periodically calculated the value of the function by summing the values for the function determined by the samples taken during the time between the calculations, thus determining the desired integral.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于测量其值可计算为与至少一个变量的函数的时间积分的参数的方法，以便在需要这些变量的测量时使微处理器成为可能。 该周期性地以与变量所遵循的波形异步的频率周期性地对变量进行采样，然后通过对由在计算之间的时间内采集的样本确定的函数的值进行求和来周期性地计算函数的值，从而确定 所需积分。
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公开(公告)号：US5413698A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US925001
申请日：1992-08-05
CPC分类号： C10G35/095 , C10G53/16 , C10G67/00 , C10G67/16 , C10G69/08 , C10G2300/70
摘要： Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment in a second step over a a first catalyst zone comprising a large pore size zeolite material and a second catalyst zone comprising an intermediate pore size material. Preferably, the large pore size material is zeolite beta and the intermediate pore size material is ZSM-5. The treatment in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. In favorable cases, using feeds of extended end point such as heavy naphthas with 95 percent points above about 380.degree. F. (about 193.degree. C.), improvements in both product octane and yield relative to the feed may be obtained.
摘要翻译： 相对高辛烷值的低硫汽油通过加氢脱硫从催化裂化的含硫石脑油产生，然后在包括大孔径沸石材料的第一催化剂区域和第二催化剂区域中在第二步骤中进行处理，第二催化剂区域包含中等孔径 材料。 优选地，大孔径材料是沸石β，中间孔径材料是ZSM-5。 第二步骤的处理恢复了由于氢化处理而发生的辛烷值损失，并导致辛烷值与进料石脑油相当的低硫汽油产物。 在有利的情况下，使用延伸终点的原料如重质石脑油，高于约380°F（约193℃）为95％，可以获得相对于进料的产品辛烷值和产率的改善。
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公开(公告)号：US5360532A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-01
申请号：US42189
申请日：1993-04-02
摘要： Low sulfur gasoline is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by fractionating the naphtha feed into a low boiling fraction in which the majority of the sulfur is present in the form of mercaptans and a high-boiling fraction in which the sulfur is predominantly in non-mercaptan form such as thiophenes. The low boiling fraction is desulfurized by a non-hydrogenative mercaptan extraction process which retains the olefins which are present in this fraction. The second fraction is desulfurized by hydrodesulfurization, which results in some saturation of olefins and loss of octane. The octane loss is restored by treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5, to form a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha but which contains some recombined sulfur in the form or mercaptans which are removed in the non-hydrogenative mercaptan extraction step.
摘要翻译： 通过将石脑油进料分馏成低沸点馏分，其中大部分硫以硫醇和高沸点馏分的形式存在，低硫汽油由催化裂解的含硫石脑油生产，其中硫主要是 在非硫醇形式如噻吩中。 低沸点馏分通过保留存在于该馏分中的烯烃的非氢化硫醇萃取方法进行脱硫。 第二部分通过加氢脱硫脱硫，导致烯烃的一些饱和和辛烷值的损失。 通过在酸性催化剂，优选中等孔径的沸石如ZSM-5上处理来恢复辛烷值损失，以形成辛烷值与供应石脑油相当的低硫汽油产物，但其中含有一些重组硫 在非氢化硫醇提取步骤中除去的形式或硫醇。
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公开(公告)号：US20130203179A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-08
申请号：US13640344
申请日：2011-04-08
IPC分类号： G01N25/00
CPC分类号： G01N25/00 , B01J20/08 , B01J20/10 , B01J20/18 , B01J29/70 , B01J29/7038 , C07C2/70 , C07C2529/06 , C10G29/205 , C10G45/08 , C10G45/72 , C10G47/36 , C10G61/00 , C10G69/123 , C10G2300/1092 , C10G2300/1096 , C10G2300/202 , C10G2300/205 , C10G2400/30
摘要： Disclosed is a method for determining when to replace a guard bed material used to remove one or more catalyst poisons from a feed based on a parameter change in a process. A guard bed having a guard bed material is in fluid communication with a catalyst bed having a catalyst. At least three monitors are positioned in said guard bed or said catalyst bed and at least one parameter of the guard bed or catalyst bed is monitored. A feed component comprising one or more catalyst poisons is supplied to said guard bed or said catalyst bed. The feed is contacted with said guard bed material or said catalyst to remove at least a portion of a catalyst poison and to form a product which produces an increase or a decrease in said parameter. The monitored parameters are compared to determine when to replace the guard bed material.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于基于过程中的参数变化来确定何时更换用于从进料中去除一种或多种催化剂毒物的保护床材料的方法。 具有防护床材料的保护床与具有催化剂的催化剂床流体连通。 至少三个监视器位于所述保护床或所述催化剂床中，并且监视保护床或催化剂床的至少一个参数。 将包含一种或多种催化剂毒物的进料组分供应到所述保护床或所述催化剂床。 进料与所述保护床材料或所述催化剂接触以除去至少一部分催化剂毒物并形成产生所述参数的增加或减少的产物。 比较监测的参数，以确定何时更换防护层材料。
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公开(公告)号：US5413697A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US913326
申请日：1992-07-15
CPC分类号： C10G35/095 , C10G53/16 , C10G67/00 , C10G67/16 , C10G69/08 , C10G2300/70
摘要： Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst containing, preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5 and a zeolite such as MCM-22. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. In favorable cases, using feeds of extended end point such as heavy naphthas with 95 percent points above about 380.degree. F. (about 193.degree. C.), improvements in both product octane and yield relative to the feed may be obtained.
摘要翻译： 相对高辛烷值的低硫汽油通过加氢脱硫然后在含有优选中等孔径沸石如ZSM-5和沸石如MCM-22的酸性催化剂上进行处理由催化裂解的含硫石脑油生产。 在第二步骤中对酸性催化剂的处理恢复了由于氢化处理而发生的辛烷值损失，并导致具有与进料石脑油相当的辛烷值的低硫汽油产物。 在有利的情况下，使用延伸终点的原料如重质石脑油，高于约380°F（约193℃）为95％，可以获得相对于进料的产品辛烷值和产率的改善。
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公开(公告)号：US5391288A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-21
申请号：US74572
申请日：1993-06-10
申请人： Nick A. Collins , Paul P. Durand , David L. Fletcher , Mohsen N. Harandi , Edward F. Kondis , Hartley Owen , Michael S. Sarli , Stuart S. Shih
发明人： Nick A. Collins , Paul P. Durand , David L. Fletcher , Mohsen N. Harandi , Edward F. Kondis , Hartley Owen , Michael S. Sarli , Stuart S. Shih
CPC分类号： C10G69/08
摘要： Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha and benzene-rich fraction by hydrodesulfurization in a first reaction zone and treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5 in a second reaction zone to reduce the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrodesulfurization. The benzene-rich fraction can be cofed to the first reaction zone or the second reaction zone. The benzene-rich fraction is preferably a heart-cut reformate.
摘要翻译： 相对高辛烷值的低硫汽油通过在第一反应区中的加氢脱硫从催化裂解的含硫石脑油和富含苯的馏分中生产，并通过酸性催化剂，优选中等孔径的沸石如ZSM-5在 第二反应区，以减少由于加氢脱硫而发生的辛烷值损失。 富含苯的级分可以与第一反应区或第二反应区共同合成。 富含苯的馏分优选是心切的重整产物。
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公开(公告)号：US5503734A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US367670
申请日：1994-12-30
CPC分类号： C10G69/08
摘要： Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably a catalyst comprising an intermediate pore size zeolite, such as ZSM-5, and a large pore size zeolite, including a metal hydrogenation function, such as a faujasite, preferably USY, which contains nickel and molybdenum. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. Use of the intermediate pore size zeolite and the large pore size zeolite is expected to provide more boiling point conversion than either zeolite alone under the same conditions.
摘要翻译： 相对高辛烷值的低硫汽油由催化裂化的含硫石脑油通过加氢脱硫然后在酸性催化剂，优选包括中等孔径沸石如ZSM-5的催化剂和大孔径 沸石，包括金属氢化功能，例如含有镍和钼的八面沸石，优选USY。 在第二步骤中对酸性催化剂的处理恢复了由于氢化处理而发生的辛烷值损失，并导致具有与进料石脑油相当的辛烷值的低硫汽油产物。 中等孔径沸石和大孔径沸石的使用预期在相同条件下单独使用沸石提供更多的沸点转化率。
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公开(公告)号：US5409596A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US850106
申请日：1992-03-12
CPC分类号： C10G69/08
摘要： Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. In favorable cases, using feeds of extended end point such as heavy naphthas with 95 percent points above about 380.degree. F. (about 193.degree. C.), improvements in both product octane and yield relative to the feed may be obtained.
摘要翻译： 相对高辛烷值的低硫汽油通过加氢脱硫然后在酸性催化剂，优选中等孔径的沸石如ZSM-5上处理由催化裂化的含硫石脑油产生。 在第二步骤中对酸性催化剂的处理恢复了由于氢化处理而发生的辛烷值损失，并导致具有与进料石脑油相当的辛烷值的低硫汽油产物。 在有利的情况下，使用延伸终点的原料如重质石脑油，高于约380°F（约193℃）为95％，可以获得相对于进料的产品辛烷值和产率的改善。
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公开(公告)号：US5346609A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US745311
申请日：1991-08-15
CPC分类号： C10G69/08
摘要： A process for producing a desulfurized gasoline boiling range product of relatively high octane number from a sulfur containing feed boiling in the naphtha boiling range by converting the feed in a first stage over a conventional hydrodesulfurization catalyst, and then converting at least the normally liquid portion of the product of this first stage conversion over a catalyst comprising a zeolitic behaving refractory solid having acid activity and shape selectivity to produce a product having a sulfur content within the required specifications, and an octane number which at least approaches the octane number of the feed.
摘要翻译： 通过在常规加氢脱硫催化剂中将第一阶段中的进料转化，然后将至少正常液体部分转化成来，从含有沸石沸点沸点的含硫原料中生产具有相对高辛烷值的脱硫汽油沸点产物的方法 该催化剂的第一阶段转化的产物包含具有酸活性和形状选择性的沸石行为的耐火固体，以产生具有所需规格的硫含量的产物，以及至少接近进料辛烷值的辛烷值。
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