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    Multiple parameter fault detection in electrosurgical instrument shields
    1.
    发明授权
    Multiple parameter fault detection in electrosurgical instrument shields 有权
    电外科仪器屏蔽多参数故障检测

    公开(公告)号：US08460284B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-06-11

    申请号：US12257562

    申请日：2008-10-24

    Applicant: Kurt Albert Aronow ,  David Newton ,  Don R. Boyle

    Inventor： Kurt Albert Aronow ,  David Newton ,  Don R. Boyle

    IPC: A61B18/12

    CPC classification number: A61B18/1233 ,  A61B18/1206 ,  A61B18/16 ,  A61B2018/00648 ,  A61B2018/00672 ,  A61B2018/00702 ,  A61B2018/00708 ,  A61B2018/00779 ,  A61B2018/00827 ,  A61B2018/00875 ,  A61B2018/00892

    Abstract: A system and method for detecting faults within an electrosurgical instrument having a shield and an active electrode uses multiple possible fault conditions. In one embodiment the monitoring system comprises an electrosurgical generator coupled to the electrosurgical instrument and adapted to deliver power to the active electrode of the electrosurgical instrument, monitoring circuitry coupled to the electrosurgical generator and the electrosurgical instrument, wherein the monitoring circuitry comprises an active electrode voltage sensor an active electrode current sensor and a shield current sensor. The monitoring circuitry measures at least two of the active voltage, the active or return electrode current, and the shield current.

    Abstract translation: 用于检测具有屏蔽和有源电极的电外科器械中的故障的系统和方法使用多个可能的故障条件。 在一个实施例中，监测系统包括耦合到电外科器械的电外科发生器，其适于向电外科器械的有源电极输送功率，耦合到电外科发生器和电外科器械的监测电路，其中监测电路包括有源电极电压 传感器有源电极电流传感器和屏蔽电流传感器。 监控电路测量有源电压，有源或返回电极电流和屏蔽电流中的至少两个。

    Combined bipolar and monopolar electrosurgical instrument and method
    2.
    发明授权
    Combined bipolar and monopolar electrosurgical instrument and method 有权
    联合双极和单极电外科仪器及方法

    公开(公告)号：US08251989B1

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

    申请号：US11762568

    申请日：2007-06-13

    Applicant: David Newton ,  Jerry Keane ,  Warren Taylor

    Inventor： David Newton ,  Jerry Keane ,  Warren Taylor

    IPC: A61B18/12

    CPC classification number: A61B18/1233 ,  A61B18/1445 ,  A61B2018/00607 ,  A61B2018/00875 ,  A61B2018/1253 ,  A61B2018/126

    Abstract: An electrical switching system for use in various types of electrosurgical instruments and related tools comprises a system adapted to automatically determine which of at least two electrical current modes to deliver through an electrosurgical instrument based on a condition sensed by the electrosurgical instrument. In another embodiment, the electrical switching system comprises a generator, the generator including a first electrical distribution systems for delivering monopolar electrical energy, and a second electrical distribution system for delivering bipolar electrical energy, a controller coupled to the generator for selecting based on an input which of the first and second electrical distribution systems to activate.

    Abstract translation: 用于各种类型的电外科器械和相关工具的电气开关系统包括适于根据电外科仪器感测到的状况自动确定至少两种电流模式中的哪一种通过电外科仪器输送的系统。 在另一个实施例中，电气开关系统包括发电机，发电机包括用于传递单极电能的第一配电系统和用于输送双极电能的第二配电系统，耦合到发电机的控制器，用于基于输入 第一和第二配电系统中的哪一个被激活。

    Apparatus and process for heat exchange with fluid beds
    5.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and process for heat exchange with fluid beds 失效
    与流化床进行热交换的设备和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06602476B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-08-05

    申请号：US09964881

    申请日：2001-09-28

    Applicant: Stanley John Becker ,  Timothy Crispin Bristow ,  Michele Fiorentino ,  David Newton ,  Bruce Leo Williams

    Inventor： Stanley John Becker ,  Timothy Crispin Bristow ,  Michele Fiorentino ,  David Newton ,  Bruce Leo Williams

    IPC: F27B1514

    CPC classification number: F28D13/00 ,  B01J8/0055 ,  B01J8/1836 ,  B01J8/1872 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/00108 ,  B01J2219/029 ,  C07C51/215 ,  C07C51/25 ,  C07C53/08 ,  C07C57/145

    Abstract: Apparatus and process for heat exchange with fluid beds comprises heat-exchange tubes located longitudinally with respect to the axis of a fluidization zone with a rectangular pitch, one side of which having a length at least one and a half times the length of the other side and/or with a triangular pitch, having two sides each at least one and a half times the length of the shortest side reduces the impact of the heat-exchange tubes on the fluidization characteristics of the fluid bed. The invention is particularly suitable for oxidation reactions using molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a fluid bed of fluidizable catalyst, such as (a) the acetoxylation of olefins, (b) the oxidation of ethylene to acetic acid and/or the oxidation of ethane to ethylene and/or acetic acid, (c) the ammoxidation of propylene and/or propane to acrylonitrile and (d) the oxidation of C4's to maleic anhydride.

    Abstract translation: 用于与流体床进行热交换的设备和方法包括相对于流化区的轴线纵向定位的热交换管，其具有矩形间距，其一侧的长度为另一侧的长度的至少一倍的长度 和/或具有三角形间距，其两侧各自为最短边的长度的至少一倍，减少了热交换管对流化床的流化特性的影响。 本发明特别适用于在可流化催化剂的流化床存在下使用含分子氧气体的氧化反应，例如（a）烯烃的乙酰氧基化，（b）将乙烯氧化成乙酸和/或氧化 乙烯和/或乙酸，（c）丙烯和/或丙烷对丙烯腈的氨氧化和（d）将C4氧化成马来酸酐。

    Fluidized bed polymerization reactor
    6.
    发明授权
    Fluidized bed polymerization reactor 失效
    流化床聚合反应器

    公开(公告)号：US5733510A

    公开(公告)日：1998-03-31

    申请号：US602013

    申请日：1996-02-15

    Applicant: Jean-Claude Chinh ,  Michel C. H. Filippelli ,  David Newton ,  Michael Bernard Power

    Inventor： Jean-Claude Chinh ,  Michel C. H. Filippelli ,  David Newton ,  Michael Bernard Power

    IPC: C08F10/02 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/24 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B05B7/04 ,  B05B7/08 ,  C08F2/34 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C08F10/06 ,  C08F210/16

    CPC classification number: B01J8/1809 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J8/1827 ,  B01J8/1836 ,  B05B7/0433 ,  B05B7/08 ,  C08F10/00 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00088 ,  B01J2208/00256 ,  B01J2208/00274 ,  B01J2208/00362 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2219/00119 ,  B01J2219/00128 ,  Y10S526/901

    Abstract: A fluidized bed polymerization reactor which is a generally cylindrical vessel having a longitudinal axis and a fluidization grid located in the vessel generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel and defining a fluidized bed region above the fluidization grid. The reactor has an inlet for continuously introducing a gaseous stream of polymerizable monomers into the vessel below the fluidization grid at a gas velocity sufficient to maintain particles in the fluidized bed region in a suspended and fluidized condition; an outlet for removing polymer product from the fluidized bed region and an outlet for continuously removing an outlet stream of gaseous unreacted polymerizable monomer from the fluidized bed region. A cooling device cools at least a part of the outlet stream to a temperature at which liquid condenses out of the outlet stream, and a separating device separates at least a part of the cooled outlet stream into condensed liquid and a cooled gaseous stream. The separated cooled gaseous stream is returned to the inlet and an injection device injects at least a part of the condensed liquid into the fluidized bed region at a point where the gaseous stream of polymerizable monomers passing through the vessel has substantially reached the operating temperature of the polymerization reactor. The injection device includes at least one gas induced atomizing nozzle for injecting an atomized stream of the condensed liquid into the fluidized bed region in a direction generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel.

    Abstract translation: 一种流化床聚合反应器，其是通常为圆柱形的容器，其具有纵向轴线和位于容器中的流化格栅，其大致垂直于容器的纵向轴线并且在流化网格上方限定流化床区域。 反应器具有入口，用于以足以将流化床区域中的颗粒保持在悬浮和流化状态的气体速度将可聚合单体的气态流连续引入容器中; 用于从流化床区域除去聚合物产物的出口和用于从流化床区域连续地除去气态未反应的可聚合单体的出口流的出口。 冷却装置将出口流的至少一部分冷却至液体从出口流冷凝的温度，并且分离装置将冷却的出口物流的至少一部分分离成冷凝的液体和冷却的气态物流。 分离的冷却的气流返回到入口，注射装置将至少一部分冷凝的液体注入到流化床区域中，其中通过容器的可聚合单体的气态流基本达到 聚合反应器。 注射装置包括至少一个气体诱导的雾化喷嘴，用于将冷凝的液体的雾化流在大致垂直于容器的纵向轴线的方向上喷射到流化床区域中。

    Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process
    9.
    发明授权
    Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process 有权
    费 - 托合成方法

    公开(公告)号：US07115670B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-03

    申请号：US10476799

    申请日：2002-05-17

    Applicant: John Richard Hensman ,  David Newton

    Inventor： John Richard Hensman ,  David Newton

    IPC: C07C27/00

    CPC classification number: C10G2/342 ,  B01J8/228 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00256 ,  B01J2208/003

    Abstract: A process for the conversion of synthesis gas to higher hydrocarbons by synthesis gas, at an elevated temperature and pressure, with a suspension of a particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, in a system comprising at least one high shear mixing zone and a reactor vessel wherein the process comprises: (a) passing the suspension and the gaseous stream through the high shear mixing zone wherein the gaseous stream is broken down into gas bubbles and/or irregularly shaped gas voids; (b) discharging suspension having gas bubbles and/or irregularly shaped gas voids dispersed therein from the high shear mixing zone into the reactor vessel; and (c) maintaining the temperature of the suspension discharged into the reactor vessel at the desired reaction temperature by means of an internal heat exchanger positioned within the suspension in the reactor vessel. At least 5% of the exothermic heat of reaction is removed from the system by means of the internal heat exchanger. The remainder of the exothermic heat of reaction may be removed from the system by means of an external heat exchanger and/or through the introduction of a liquid coolant.

    Abstract translation: 一种在包括至少一个高剪切混合区和反应器容器的系统中，通过合成气在升高的温度和压力下与微量费 - 托催化剂的悬浮液将合成气转化为高级烃的方法，其中 方法包括：（a）使悬浮液和气流通过高剪切混合区，其中气流被分解成气泡和/或不规则形状的气体空隙; （b）将从高剪切混合区分散有气泡和/或不规则形状的气体空隙的悬浮液排出到反应器容器中; 和（c）通过位于反应器容器的悬浮液内部的内部热交换器将排放到反应器容器中的悬浮液的温度保持在所需的反应温度。 通过内部热交换器将至少5％的反应放热量从系统中除去。 反应放热的其余部分可以通过外部热交换器和/或通过引入液体冷却剂从系统中去除。

    Process for separating liquid hydrocarbons from a particulate fisher-tropsch catalyst
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for separating liquid hydrocarbons from a particulate fisher-tropsch catalyst 有权
    从颗粒捕捞催化剂中分离液态烃的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07112613B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-09-26

    申请号：US10476623

    申请日：2002-05-17

    Applicant: Timothy Douglas Gamlin ,  Carole Graham ,  John Richard Hensman ,  Barry Nay ,  David Newton

    Inventor： Timothy Douglas Gamlin ,  Carole Graham ,  John Richard Hensman ,  Barry Nay ,  David Newton

    IPC: C07C27/00

    CPC classification number: C10G2/32 ,  B03C1/288 ,  B03C2201/18 ,  C10G31/09

    Abstract: Process for converting synthesis gas to hydrocarbons which comprises contacting a gaseous stream comprising synthesis gas, at an elevated temperature and pressure, with a suspension comprising a particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst having a particle size in the range 5 microns to 500 microns, suspended in a liquid medium, in a system comprising at least one high shear mixing zone and a reactor vessel. The suspension and the gaseous stream is passed through the high shear mixing zone(s) wherein the gaseous stream is broken down into gas bubbles. The suspension having gas bubbles dispersed therein is discharged from the high shear mixing zone(s) into the reactor vessel, and suspension comprising the particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst suspended in the liquid medium and liquid hydrocarbon products is withdrawn from the reactor vessel and at least a portion of the suspension is recycled to the high shear mixing zone(s) via an external conduit at a flow rate of at least 10,000 m3 of suspension per hour. A side stream from the suspension flowing through the external conduit is taken and passed directly to a filtration unit.

    Abstract translation: 将合成气转化为烃的方法，其包括将包含合成气的气流在升高的温度和压力下与包含粒度在5微米至500微米范围内的颗粒状费 - 托催化剂的悬浮液悬浮在 液体介质，在包括至少一个高剪切混合区和反应器容器的系统中。 悬浮液和气流通过高剪切混合区，其中气流被分解成气泡。 将其中分散有气泡的悬浮液从高剪切混合区排出到反应器容器中，并且将悬浮在液体介质中的包含微量费 - 托催化剂的悬浮液和液体烃产物从反应器容器中取出并且至少 悬浮液的一部分通过外部管道以每小时至少10,000m 3 / h 3悬浮液的流速再循环到高剪切混合区。 取自流过外部导管的悬浮液的侧流，并直接通过过滤单元。

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