公开(公告)号：US07676640B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-09

申请号：US11864652

申请日：2007-09-28

申请人： David Q. Chow ,  Charles C. Lee ,  Frank I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： David Q. Chow ,  Charles C. Lee ,  Frank I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F13/10

CPC分类号： G06F8/654

摘要： An electronic data flash card is accessible by a host system, and includes a flash memory controller and at least one flash memory device coupled to the flash controller. The boot code and control code for the flash memory system (flash card) are stored in the flash memory device during a programming procedure. The flash controller transfers the boot code and control code to a volatile main memory (e.g., random access memory or RAM) at start up or reset making a RAM-based memory system. Boot code and control code are selectively overwritten during a code updating operation. A single flash controller thus supports multiple brands and types of flash memory to eliminate stocking issues.

摘要翻译： 电子数据闪存卡可由主机系统访问，并且包括闪存控制器和耦合到闪存控制器的至少一个闪存设备。 闪存系统（闪存卡）的启动代码和控制代码在编程过程中存储在闪存设备中。 闪存控制器在启动或复位时将引导代码和控制代码传送到易失性主存储器（例如，随机存取存储器或RAM），从而形成基于RAM的存储器系统。 引导代码和控制代码在代码更新操作期间被有选择地覆盖。 因此，单个闪存控制器支持多种品牌和类型的闪存，以消除存货问题。

公开(公告)号：US07788553B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-31

申请号：US11871117

申请日：2007-10-11

申请人： David Q. Chow ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： David Q. Chow ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G11C29/00 ,  G01R31/28 ,  G11C16/04

CPC分类号： G06F11/2221

摘要： A high volume testing/formatting process is provided for Universal Serial Bus-based (USB-based) electronic data flash cards (USB devices) that meets the increasing demand for USB electronic data flash cards (USB devices). A test host is simultaneously coupled to the multiple USB devices (e.g., using a multi-port card reader or a probe fixture), a controller endpoint value is read from each of the USB devices and verified with a known good value, and then testing/formatting is performed on each of the USB devices by writing predetermined data into each USB device in a pipelined manner, then reading out and testing the predetermined data. In one embodiment, the test host implements a special USB driver that blocks standard USB registration procedures upon detecting the plurality of USB devices. Control and/or boot code data are written onto the flash memory device (i.e., instead of being provided on a controller ROM).

摘要翻译： 为通用串行总线（USB）电子数据闪存卡（USB设备）提供了大容量测试/格式化过程，可满足USB电子数据闪存卡（USB设备）日益增长的需求。 测试主机同时耦合到多个USB设备（例如，使用多端口读卡器或探头夹具），从每个USB设备读取控制器端点值，并用已知的良好值进行验证，然后测试 通过以流水线方式将预定数据写入每个USB设备，然后读出并测试预定数据，在每个USB设备上执行/格式化。 在一个实施例中，测试主机在检测到多个USB设备时实现阻止标准USB注册过程的特殊USB驱动器。 控制和/或引导代码数据被写入快闪存储器件（即，不是设置在控制器ROM上）。

公开(公告)号：US20080177922A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-24

申请号：US11871117

申请日：2007-10-11

申请人： David Q. Chow ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： David Q. Chow ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F11/2221

摘要： A high volume testing/formatting process is provided for Universal Serial Bus-based (USB-based) electronic data flash cards (USB devices) that meets the increasing demand for USB electronic data flash cards (USB devices). A test host is simultaneously coupled to the multiple USB devices (e.g., using a multi-port card reader or a probe fixture), a controller endpoint value is read from each of the USB devices and verified with a known good value, and then testing/formatting is performed on each of the USB devices by writing predetermined data into each USB device in a pipelined manner, then reading out and testing the predetermined data. In one embodiment, the test host implements a special USB driver that blocks standard USB registration procedures upon detecting the plurality of USB devices. Control and/or boot code data are written onto the flash memory device (i.e., instead of being provided on a controller ROM).

摘要翻译： 为通用串行总线（USB）电子数据闪存卡（USB设备）提供了大容量测试/格式化过程，可满足USB电子数据闪存卡（USB设备）日益增长的需求。 测试主机同时耦合到多个USB设备（例如，使用多端口读卡器或探头夹具），从每个USB设备读取控制器端点值，并用已知的良好值进行验证，然后测试 通过以流水线方式将预定数据写入每个USB设备，然后读出并测试预定数据，在每个USB设备上执行/格式化。 在一个实施例中，测试主机在检测到多个USB设备时实现阻止标准USB注册过程的特殊USB驱动器。 控制和/或引导代码数据被写入快闪存储器件（即，不是设置在控制器ROM上）。

公开(公告)号：US07702831B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

申请号：US11466759

申请日：2006-08-23

申请人： Abraham C. Ma ,  Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Abraham C. Ma ,  Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F13/12

CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 ,  G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06F21/79 ,  G06K9/00087 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354 ,  G07C9/00087

摘要： An electronic data flash card is accessible by a host computer, and includes a processing unit connected to a flash memory device that stores a data file, and an input-output interface circuit activated so as to establish a communication with the host computer. In an embodiment, the electronic data flash card uses a USB input/output interface circuit for communication with the host computer. A flash memory controller includes an index for converting logical addresses sent by the host computer into physical addresses associated with sectors of the flash memory device. The index is controlled by arbitration logic referencing to values from various look up tables and valid data stored in the flash memory device. The flash memory controller further includes a first-in-first-out unit (FIFO) for recycling obsolete sectors of the flash memory device in the background process so that they are available for reprogramming.

摘要翻译： 电子数据闪存卡可由主机访问，并且包括连接到存储数据文件的闪存设备的处理单元，以及被激活以便与主计算机建立通信的输入 - 输出接口电路。 在一个实施例中，电子数据闪存卡使用USB输入/输出接口电路与主计算机进行通信。 闪速存储器控制器包括用于将由主计算机发送的逻辑地址转换成与闪存器件的扇区相关联的物理地址的索引。 该索引由参考来自各种查找表中的值和存储在闪存设备中的有效数据的仲裁逻辑控制。 闪存控制器还包括先进先出单元（FIFO），用于在后台进程中回收闪速存储器件的过时扇区，使得它们可用于重新编程。

公开(公告)号：US07873837B1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US11685143

申请日：2007-03-12

申请人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F21/00 ,  H04L9/00 ,  H04K1/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354 ,  G07C9/00087

摘要： An electronic data flash card includes a random number generator that generates a random number stored in the card and a host system each time the card is accessed by the host system. The random number is used by the host system to encrypt a logical branch address, a user password, and user data that is written to and stored in a secure area of the card. The random number is encrypted using a key associated with the card, and the encrypted random number is stored by the card with the associated encrypted data. The random number is not stored in the host system. A new random number is generated each time the card is queried. In a read process the host system decrypts the encrypted random number using the key, then uses the random number to decrypt the associated encrypted data. Access to read/write processes are password protected.

摘要翻译： 电子数据闪存卡包括随机数生成器，其生成存储在卡中的随机数，以及每次主机系统访问卡时的主机系统。 主机系统使用随机数来加密逻辑分支地址，用户密码和写入并存储在卡的安全区域中的用户数据。 使用与该卡相关联的密钥对该随机数进行加密，并且加密随机数由卡与相关联的加密数据一起存储。 随机数不存储在主机系统中。 每次查询卡片时都会产生一个新的随机数字。 在读取过程中，主机系统使用密钥解密加密的随机数，然后使用随机数来解密相关联的加密数据。 对读/写进程的访问受密码保护。

公开(公告)号：US07702984B1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

申请号：US11626347

申请日：2007-01-23

申请人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Abraham C. Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F11/00 ,  G11C29/00 ,  G11C16/04

CPC分类号： G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G07C9/00087 ,  G07C2009/00095 ,  H01R13/629

摘要： A high volume testing/formatting process is provided for Universal Serial Bus-based (USB-based) electronic data flash cards (USB devices) that meets the increasing demand for USB electronic data flash cards (USB devices). A test host is simultaneously coupled to the multiple USB devices (e.g., using a multi-port card reader or a probe fixture), a controller endpoint value is read from each of the USB devices and verified with a known good value, and then testing/formatting is performed on each of the USB devices by writing predetermined data into each USB device in a pipelined manner, then reading out and testing the predetermined data. In one embodiment, the test host implements a special a USB driver that blocks standard USB registration procedures upon detecting the plurality of USB devices. Control and/or boot code data are written onto the flash memory device (i.e., instead of being provided on a controller ROM).

摘要翻译： 为通用串行总线（USB）电子数据闪存卡（USB设备）提供了大容量测试/格式化过程，可满足USB电子数据闪存卡（USB设备）日益增长的需求。 测试主机同时耦合到多个USB设备（例如，使用多端口读卡器或探头夹具），从每个USB设备读取控制器端点值，并用已知的良好值进行验证，然后测试 通过以流水线方式将预定数据写入每个USB设备，然后读出并测试预定数据，在每个USB设备上执行/格式化。 在一个实施例中，测试主机实现了一种特殊的USB驱动器，其在检测到多个USB设备时阻止标准USB注册过程。 控制和/或引导代码数据被写入快闪存储器件（即，不是设置在控制器ROM上）。

公开(公告)号：US07690031B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-30

申请号：US11471000

申请日：2006-09-07

申请人： Abraham C. Ma ,  Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Abraham C. Ma ,  Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F7/04

CPC分类号： G06F11/1068 ,  G06F11/1076 ,  G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06K9/00087 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354 ,  G07C9/00087 ,  H03M13/153 ,  H03M13/1535 ,  H03M13/1545 ,  H03M13/6561

摘要： An electronic data flash card accessible by a host computer, includes a flash memory controller connected to a flash memory device, and an input-output interface circuit activated to establish a communication with the host. In an embodiment, the flash card uses a USB interface circuit for communication with the host. A flash memory controller includes an arbitrator for mapping logical addresses with physical block addresses, and for performing block management operations including: storing reassigned data to available blocks, relocating valid data in obsolete blocks to said available blocks and reassigning logical block addresses to physical block addresses of said available blocks, finding bad blocks of the flash memory device and replacing with reserve blocks, erasing obsolete blocks for recycling after relocating valid data to available blocks, and erase count wear leveling of blocks, etc. Furthermore, each flash memory device includes an internal buffer for accelerating the block management operations.

摘要翻译： 由主机可访问的电子数据闪存卡包括连接到闪速存储器件的闪存控制器和被激活以建立与主机的通信的输入 - 输出接口电路。 在一个实施例中，闪存卡使用USB接口电路与主机进行通信。 闪速存储器控制器包括用于将逻辑地址与物理块地址对准的仲裁器，并且用于执行块管理操作，包括：将重新分配的数据存储到可用块，将过时块中的有效数据重定位到所述可用块并将逻辑块地址重新分配给物理块地址 的所述可用块，找到闪存设备的坏块并用备用块替换，在将有效数据重新定位到可用块之后擦除用于再循环的废弃块，以及擦除块的计数损耗均衡等。此外，每个闪存设备包括 内部缓冲区，用于加快块管理操作。

公开(公告)号：US07690030B1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-30

申请号：US11458987

申请日：2006-07-20

申请人： Abraham C. Ma ,  Sun-Teck See ,  Charles C. Lee ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Abraham C. Ma ,  Sun-Teck See ,  Charles C. Lee ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F7/04

CPC分类号： G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/34 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354

摘要： An electronic data flash card with fingerprint capability is accessible by an host computer, and includes a processing unit connected to a flash memory device that stores a data file and reference fingerprint data of a person authorized to access the data file, a fingerprint sensor for scanning the fingerprint of a user and for generating input fingerprint data that can be compared with the stored reference fingerprint data, and an input-output interface circuit activated so as to establish a communication with the host computer. In an embodiment, the electronic data flash card uses a USB input/output interface circuit for communication with the host computer.

摘要翻译： 具有指纹能力的电子数据闪存卡可由主机访问，并且包括连接到闪存设备的处理单元，该闪存设备存储被授权访问数据文件的人员的数据文件和参考指纹数据，用于扫描的指纹传感器 用户的指纹和用于生成可以与存储的参考指纹数据进行比较的输入指纹数据，以及激活以便建立与主计算机的通信的输入 - 输出接口电路。 在一个实施例中，电子数据闪存卡使用USB输入/输出接口电路与主计算机进行通信。

公开(公告)号：US07814337B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-12

申请号：US11623863

申请日：2007-01-17

申请人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： H04L9/00

CPC分类号： G06F21/85 ,  G06F21/79

摘要： A secure flash-card reader reads a user ID from a secure card and finds a matching entry with a hashed password in a user table on the reader. An encrypted key is received from a secure host that hashes and encrypts a password the user types into the host and the user's ID. A card decryption engine uses a random number to decrypt the encrypted key and recover the hashed password and user ID from the secure host, which is compared by a comparator to the hashed password and user ID from the user table. A mismatch causes an access controller to block access to encrypted data on the secure card. Flash data is transferred over a flash-serial buffer bus between flash-card controllers and a RAM buffer. An encryption engine on the flash-serial buffer bus encrypts and decrypts data and connects to a serial engine to the host.

摘要翻译： 安全的闪存读卡器从安全卡读取用户ID，并在阅读器的用户表中找到具有散列密码的匹配条目。 从安全主机接收加密密钥，该密钥对用户键入的密码和用户的ID进行散列和加密。 卡解密引擎使用随机数来解密加密的密钥，并从安全主机恢复散列密码和用户ID，由比较器与用户表中的散列密码和用户ID进行比较。 不匹配导致访问控制器阻止访问安全卡上的加密数据。 闪存数据通过闪存卡控制器和RAM缓冲区之间的闪存串行缓冲区总线进行传输。 闪存串行缓冲总线上的加密引擎加密和解密数据，并连接到主机的串行引擎。

公开(公告)号：US07610438B2

公开(公告)日：2009-10-27

申请号：US11623860

申请日：2007-01-17

申请人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles C. Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward W. Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F12/06

CPC分类号： G06F12/0868 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F12/0804 ,  G06F2212/2022 ,  G06F2212/214

摘要： A flash-memory cache card caches data that a host writes to a hard disk drive. A flash-memory array has physical blocks of flash memory arranged into first and second data areas having M blocks each, and a wear-leveling-counter pool. An incoming logical sector address (LSA) from a host is mapped to one of M entries in a RAM lookup table using a hash of modulo M. The RAM entry stores a mapping to a physical block in a foreground area that is either the first or the second data area. Pages in the physical block are read for a matching LSA that indicates a cache hit. Full pages are written back to the hard disk and erased in the background while the other data area becomes the foreground area. A new physical block with a low wear-level count is selected from blocks in the new foreground area.

摘要翻译： 闪存缓存卡缓存主机写入硬盘驱动器的数据。 闪存阵列具有布置在每个具有M个块的第一和第二数据区域中的闪存的物理块和磨损平衡计数器池。 来自主机的输入逻辑扇区地址（LSA）被映射到使用模M的散列的RAM查找表中的M个条目之一.RAM条目存储到前景区域中的物理块的映射，该物理块是第一个或 第二个数据区。 对于指示缓存命中的匹配LSA，将读取物理块中的页面。 完整的页面将被写回硬盘并在后台擦除，而另一个数据区域成为前台区域。 从新的前景区域的块中选择具有低磨损级别计数的新物理块。