Abstract:
Embodiments described herein relate to a methods and apparatus for optimizing and calibrating a magnetic field generator. In various embodiments, the magnetic field generator includes a signal generator for outputting a voltage and a magnetic field generating circuit including a shunt that may be used to change a value of inductance in the magnetic field generating circuit.
Abstract:
The invention provides, in one embodiment, a detector for a miner comprising a gamma sensing element and a light sensing element coupled to the gamma sensing element. According to the embodiment, the detector is mounted on a rotary cutter of a boring-type continuous miner such that the gamma sensing element has a view of a geologic formation being mined. A mining control system is also provided, comprising a miner having at least two rotary cutters and a gamma detector on each of the at least two rotary cutters for receiving gamma emissions from a geologic formation. The mining control system also provides an accelerometer and a rate gyro, wherein the accelerometer and the rate gyro correlate the received gamma emissions with positions of the at least two rotary cutters, and a central module that utilizes the correlated readings to determine whether the cutters should be moved.
Abstract:
A support mechanism for protecting an object is described. The support system includes at least one support ring for providing dynamic protection to the object. One embodiment includes a support ring having corrugated bumps. Another embodiment includes multiple support rings axially separated by spacers. A compound optical coupler is also described, which has a self-wetting clear optical coupling gel and an elastomeric load ring.
Abstract:
A rock avoidance control system for solid mineral mining using a forward looking rock/mineral interface detector and controlling the miner to cut to the detected rock/mineral interface. One or more armored gamma ray detectors are positioned near the cutter and move with the cutter such that the angular size of the field of view is not reduced. Angular movements of the cutter are measured and used for calculating the rock/mineral interface location. A device is incorporated within an armored rock detector to sense angular movements of the cutter boom and to correlate changes in gamma radiation to the angular movements, within selected energy ranges. The thickness of the remaining coal is calculated by measuring the rate at which the gamma radiation increases. In one embodiment, rock detectors are used to steer the cutting of the leading drum and/or the trailing drum a long-wall mining system.
Abstract:
Embodiments described herein relate to proximity detection systems and a method for internal traffic control in a work zone. In various embodiments, magnetic field generators generate respective oscillating magnetic fields for detection by magnetic field detectors. The magnetic field detectors generate a signal for providing a visual and/or audible warning to operators in response to detecting the magnetic field.
Abstract:
Embodiments described herein relate to a methods and apparatus for optimizing and calibrating a magnetic field generator. In various embodiments, the magnetic field generator includes a signal generator for outputting a voltage and a magnetic field generating circuit including a shunt that may be used to change a value of inductance in the magnetic field generating circuit.
Abstract:
A safety system for mining equipment is provided having a proximity-based system with a marker field generator in an explosion-proof housing. The generator has a resonant circuit with an inductive reactance that is provided by a ferrite rod wound with an electrical conductor. Also provided is an RF receiver to receive information about the strength of the generated marker field from a sensing device used by a worker. The system provides for a personal alert device, carried by personnel to be kept at a safe distance from the mining machine, the personal alert device being capable of detecting the marker field. Also disclosed is a geosteering system that stops the cutting of a continuous miner when the cutter reaches an interface between a mineral being mined and an adjacent formation that is not to be mined.
Abstract:
An instrumentation package in broad terms includes at least one substantially cylindrical instrumentation component; a substantially cylindrical shield surrounding the instrumentation component, the shield having a diameter less than a standard predetermined diameter; and a sizing sleeve around the shield, thereby increasing the diameter of the sleeve to the standard predetermined diameter. A nuclear detector package is also disclosed that includes a substantially cylindrical crystal element; a photomultiplier tube arranged coaxially with the crystal element; an optical coupler sandwiched between one end of the crystal element and an adjacent end of the photomultiplier tube; the crystal element, optical coupler and photomultiplier tube hermetically sealed within a cylindrical shield; and a flexible support sleeve extending exteriorly along the crystal element and the photomultiplier tube and radially inside the cylindrical shield.
Abstract:
A support mechanism for protecting an object is described. The support system includes at least one support ring for providing dynamic protection to the object. One embodiment includes a support ring having corrugated bumps. Another embodiment includes multiple support rings axially separated by spacers. A compound optical coupler is also described, which has a self-wetting clear optical coupling gel and an elastomeric load ring.
Abstract:
A photomultiplier tube and a method and apparatus for molding an optical coupler thereto are described. An optical coupler molding fixture includes a frame and a frame base. A photomultiplier tube is positioned within the frame between a spring and a shim. The optical coupler is formed with a mold which is positioned against the shim. A cavity is created radially interior to the shim between the photomultiplier tube and the mold. The optical coupler is molded to a faceplate of the photomultiplier tube with the fixture oriented so that its longitudinal axis L is parallel to the ground. A clamping structure presses the mold against the shim and provides the optical coupler material a non-leak space in which to cure. The optical coupler material is injected into the mold through a fill hole, and may be injected at ambient temperature. Curing time may range from one week at ambient temperatures to four hours at 65° C. The mold can be machined to create any form desired for the optical coupler. The shim can be sized and configured to allow for adjustment in the thickness of the optical coupler. The optical coupler may be as thin as less than 0.015 inches in thickness. If, for example, a thicker optical coupler is desired, the shim may be made thicker. The edge of the photomultiplier tube housing which abuts the shim is checked for its perpendicularity to the longitudinal axis L. Without perpendicularity, proper alignment of the photomultiplier tube is less likely.