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公开(公告)号：US4423291A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US231452
申请日：1981-02-04
申请人： Eberhard Zwicker , Wolfgang Daxer
发明人： Eberhard Zwicker , Wolfgang Daxer
CPC分类号： G10L15/00
摘要： Speech recognition is improved by time-standardization of reference and unknown words of constant bit-length formed by suppressing bits or generating copy bits.
摘要翻译： 通过对通过抑制位或产生复制位形成的恒定位长度的参考和未知字的时间标准化来改善语音识别。
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公开(公告)号：US5046102A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US918468
申请日：1986-10-14
CPC分类号： H04R25/502
摘要： A hearing aid has a sound-receiving microphone from which an incoming signal is supplied to a number of different channels, each channel being allocated to a different frequency range within a total expected range of frequencies for the incoming signal. Each channel includes a circuit for measuring the strength of the signal within the frequency range for that channel and for changing the respective strengths of the signals in the other channels by suppressing weak signal channels in favor of strong signal channels.
摘要翻译： 助听器具有声音接收麦克风，通过该接收麦克风将输入信号提供给多个不同的通道，每个通道被分配到用于输入信号的总预期频率范围内的不同频率范围。 每个通道包括用于测量该通道的频率范围内的信号的强度的电路，并且用于通过抑制弱信号通道来改善其他通道中的信号的各自的强度，以利于强信号通道。
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公开(公告)号：US4390748A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-28
申请号：US214779
申请日：1980-12-09
申请人： Eberhard Zwicker
发明人： Eberhard Zwicker
IPC分类号： A61B5/12
CPC分类号： A61B5/121
摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, for testing the chronological resolution of hearing, acoustic signals are supplied to the ear to be tested via an earpiece and consist of a test tone which can be interrupted and of a masking sound which can be modulated, their frequency and amplitude level being adjustable. Complicated measures are necessary for the measurement of the so-called listening threshold period pattern in order to present a complete pattern for identifying the chronological resolution of the hearing. In contrast, the disclosure provides an uncomplicated measuring device which is also easy to operate and with which the maximum and the minimum of the listening threshold period pattern or, respectively, their difference can be determined. To this end, the disclosure provides a device with channels generating respective sound signals, each of the channels having its own generator. Whereas the first generator is designed in the manner standard given electro-acoustical audiometers, that for the second channel has a noise generator whose output is modified by means of frequency band selection filters to provide a noise band with a mean frequency which can be matched to changes in the selected frequency of the first channel, and whose output amplitude level can be increased to a suitable value in comparison to the quiescent hearing threshold level (RHS) of the test tone. The disclosed device is particularly suitable for use in testing hearing.
摘要翻译： 在示例性实施例中，为了测试听觉的按时间顺序的分辨率，将声信号通过听筒提供给耳朵以进行测试，并且包括可被中断的测试音和可被调制的屏蔽声音，它们的频率和振幅 水平可调。 对于所谓的监听阈值周期模式的测量，需要采取复杂的措施，以便呈现用于识别听觉的时间顺序分辨率的完整模式。 相反，本公开提供了一种简单的测量装置，其也易于操作，并且可以确定听力阈值周期图案的最大和最小值，或者分别可以确定它们的差异。 为此，本公开提供了一种具有产生相应声音信号的信道的设备，每个信道具有其自身的发生器。 而第一发生器是以标准给定的电声听力计的方式设计的，对于第二通道具有噪声发生器，其输出通过频带选择滤波器来修改，以提供具有可匹配的平均频率的噪声频带 与测试音的静态听力阈值水平（RHS）相比，可以将第一通道的选定频率的变化和其输出幅度电平增加到合适的值。 所公开的装置特别适用于测试听力。
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公开(公告)号：US4791620A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-13
申请号：US842822
申请日：1986-03-21
申请人： Hans Leysieffer , Eberhard Zwicker
发明人： Hans Leysieffer , Eberhard Zwicker
CPC分类号： H04R17/005 , A61F11/045
摘要： A tactile hearing aid has electro-mechanical transducers which emit vibrations to the sense of touch of the skin surface for the transmission of signals. The transducers are small and lightweight and have low power consumption. The vibratory member is composed of piezoelectric, high-polymer material and has the form of a film which is provided with electically conductive coatings at both sides between which the signals to be transmitted can be applied. The film may be bent to form a ring and may be arranged in a folded stack of a number of plies to the outside surface of a carrier ring which is approximately 90.degree. open. The transducer can thus be worn on the fingers of a hand. The transducer unit is employable with particular advantage in devices for the transmission of messages via the sense of touch such as in hearing prothesis for persons extremely hard of hearing or for deaf persons.
摘要翻译： 触觉式助听器具有机电换能器，其将振动发射到皮肤表面的触感以传输信号。 传感器体积小，重量轻，功耗低。 振动构件由压电高分子材料构成，并且具有膜的形式，在其两侧设置有导电涂层，可以施加要传输的信号。 该膜可以弯曲形成环，并且可以以大约90°开口的多个层叠的折叠堆叠布置在承载环的外表面上。 因此，传感器可以佩戴在手指上。 换能器单元可以特别有利于用于通过触摸感觉传送消息的装置，例如对于非常难听的人或听觉聋人的听觉保护。
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5.发明授权Method for generating acoustical speech signals which can be understood by persons extremely hard of hearing and a device for the implementation of said method 失效用于产生声音语音信号的方法，其可以由非常难听的人理解，以及用于实现所述方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US4403118A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-06
申请号：US245914
申请日：1981-03-20
IPC分类号： H04R25/00
CPC分类号： H04R25/353 , H04R25/505
摘要： In the illustrated embodiments, the signals to be transmitted are converted into electrical signals and are divided by means of filters into a plurality of frequency bands. The envelopes of the signals coming out of the filters are then employed for the modulation of tones. Finally, the original tones and the modulated tones are supplied to the hearing-impaired person as an audio signal. To this end, the disclosure provides that the original signal to be transmitted is transmitted together with the modulated tones, and that the ratio of the volumes of the original tones and those of the modulated tones is set to a ratio which is comfortable for the hearing-impaired person. The transmission of the modulated tones is at least partially interrupted for voiced sounds. Standard ear sets or implanted devices with direct electrical transmission of the signals to the auditory nerve can be employed for transmission to the hearing-impaired person. Disclosed methods and devices are particularly employable as a hearing aid for persons who are extremely hard of hearing or who have suffered total hearing loss.
摘要翻译： 在所示的实施例中，要发送的信号被转换成电信号，并且通过滤波器被分成多个频带。 然后从滤波器出来的信号的包络被用于调制音调。 最后，将原始音调和调制音作为音频信号提供给听力受损的人。 为此，本公开提供将要发送的原始信号与调制音调一起发送，并且原始音调和调制音调的音量的比率被设置为听觉舒适的比率 受伤的人。 对于有声声音，调制音调的传输至少部分被中断。 可以使用将信号直接传递到听觉神经的标准耳套或植入装置传输到听力受损的人。 公开的方法和装置特别适用于非常难听力或遭受完全听力损失的人的助听器。
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6.发明授权Method and system of background noise suppression in an audio circuit particularly for car radios 失效特别是用于汽车收音机的音频电路中背景噪声抑制的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US4868881A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-19
申请号：US239783
申请日：1988-09-01
申请人： Eberhard Zwicker , Klaus Deuter
发明人： Eberhard Zwicker , Klaus Deuter
摘要： To improve the fidelity of reproduction of automobile radios during conditions of extraneous in the passenger compartment, noise signals are derived, for example from a microphone installed in the engine compartment of the vehicle. The audio program signals are conducted through a multichannel equalizer; the program audio signals and the noise signals are separated into a plurality of frequency bands, for example three bands, the envelope of which are demodulated and the derived demodulation signals are instantaneously compared to then control the transfer characteristics of the respective bands of the equalizer in accordance with the derived comparison between the respective bands of the noise and program signals. Preferably, amplitude, change of transfer amplitude and rate of change is controlled by weighting the comparison signals and the rate of change thereof in relation to the frequency bands and the extent of change of the signals.
摘要翻译： 为了提高乘客室外的条件下汽车无线电的再现的保真度，例如从安装在车辆的发动机舱中的麦克风导出噪声信号。 音频节目信号通过多声道均衡器传送; 节目音频信号和噪声信号被分成多个频带，例如三个频带，其包络被解调，并且导出的解调信号被瞬时地比较，然后控制均衡器的各个频带的传送特性 根据噪声和程序信号的各个频带之间的导出比较。 优选地，通过对比较信号及其相对于频带的变化率和信号的变化程度进行加权来控制幅度，变化幅度的变化和变化率。
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公开(公告)号：US4712244A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-08
申请号：US918497
申请日：1986-10-14
IPC分类号： H04R5/027 , H04R1/02 , H04R1/40 , H04R3/00 , H04R5/04 , H04R25/00 , H04R25/02 , H04R1/04 , H04R1/20
CPC分类号： H04R25/407 , H04R25/405 , H04R2201/403 , H04R2225/43
摘要： A directional microphone arrangement has a number of discrete microphones each having an electrical output and elements for deriving first and second electrical signals which are 180.degree. out of phase with respect to each other from the outputs of the microphones. A third signal is also derived through differentiation from one of the microphone outputs which is 90.degree. out of phase with respect to one of the first or second signals. All of the first, second and third signals are added in a summing unit, the output of the summing unit forming the output for the arrangement.
摘要翻译： 定向麦克风装置具有各自具有电输出的多个离散麦克风和用于从麦克风的输出相对于彼此相差180度异相的第一和第二电信号的元件。 第三信号也是通过与麦克风输出之一区分而导出的，该麦克风输出相对于第一或第二信号中的一个信号是90°异相。 所有第一，第二和第三信号被加到一个求和单元中，该求和单元的输出形成该排列的输出。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4428377A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-31
申请号：US240129
申请日：1981-03-03
CPC分类号： H04R25/353 , A61F11/04 , A61N1/36032
摘要： In the exemplary embodiments, the sound signals are converted into electrical signals, which are wirelessly transmitted to an implanted receiver, and from the latter, electric stimuli in electrode channels are brought to act on the auditory nerve. The transmission proceeds in the time division multiplex technique in such a manner that the electrical signals are subjected to a pulse modulation and are transmitted in an HF-channel. Thus, the receiver can be reduced with regard to the volume of its construction as well as with regard to its energy requirement. The disclosed method and hearing prostheses for its realization are particularly suited for attending to the needs of the extremely hard of hearing.
摘要翻译： 在示例性实施例中，声音信号被转换成电信号，其被无线地传输到植入的接收器，并且从后者，电极通道中的电刺激被作用在听觉神经上。 以时分复用技术的方式进行传输，使得电信号经受脉冲调制并在HF信道中传输。 因此，关于其结构的体积以及关于其能量需求，可以减少接收器。 所公开的方法和听力假体的实现特别适合于满足极难听力的需要。
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公开(公告)号：US4773095A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-20
申请号：US918469
申请日：1986-10-14
CPC分类号： H04R1/406 , H04R25/405 , H04R25/407 , H04R2201/403
摘要： A hearing aid which can be built into a frame, such as eyeglasses, to be worn by a hearing-impaired person has a first microphone arrangement having a directional reception pattern, and a second microphone arrangement for sound locating. The second microphone arrangement includes a first locating microphone disposed in the region of one ear of the hearing-impaired person, and a second locating microphone disposed in the region of the other ear. The signal from both locating microphones are mixed by a low-pass filter with the signal from the microphone arrangement having a directional reception pattern, and the output of the mixing operation is supplied in common to both ears of the hearing-impaired person.
摘要翻译： 可以内置在由听力受损人员佩戴的框架（例如眼镜）中的助听器具有具有定向接收图案的第一麦克风布置和用于声音定位的第二麦克风布置。 第二麦克风装置包括设置在听力受损人的一个耳朵区域中的第一定位麦克风和设置在另一个耳朵区域中的第二定位麦克风。 来自两个定位麦克风的信号通过低通滤波器与来自具有定向接收模式的麦克风装置的信号混合，并且混合操作的输出被共同地供给听力受损人员的双耳。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4390756A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-28
申请号：US222957
申请日：1981-01-06
CPC分类号： G09B21/009 , A61F11/04
摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, the point of departure is that of a substitute signal system for deaf individuals which codes acoustical signals, in particular speech sound, into electrocutaneous stimulation patterns. Current pulse patterns serve as substitute signals which, via skin surface electrodes, e.g. on the forearm, bring about sensory patterns which can be interpreted as speech information. To this end, the sound signal is separated with band pass filters into e.g. twelve component signals characteristic for the recognition of speech, whose levels are converted into pulse durations, whereby the dependency of the sensation intensity upon the stimulation parameters is taken into account. The mean frequencies of the band pass filters are associated with a corresponding number of locations on the forearm (i.e. in the present example twelve). A simulation of lateral inhibition suppresses irrelevant spectral components and thus acts in a selectivity-increasing (or enhancing) fashion. It is thereby possible that, after only approximately fifteen hours of practice, ten monosyllabic words are correctly recognized with a reliability of approximately 95% by means of the sensor patterns which are to be transmitted in accordance with the disclosure. The disclosed method and apparatus for its realization are particularly suited for use in hearing prostheses for deaf individuals.
摘要翻译： 在示例性实施例中，出发点是用于将声学信号，特别是语音声音编码成电刺激图案的聋人个人的替代信号系统。 当前脉冲模式用作替代信号，其通过皮肤表面电极，例如， 在前臂上，形成可以被解释为言语信息的感官模式。 为此，将声音信号用带通滤波器分离成例如。 识别语音的十二分量信号，其电平被转换成脉冲持续时间，由此考虑感觉强度对刺激参数的依赖性。 带通滤波器的平均频率与前臂上相应数量的位置相关联（即在本例中为十二）。 横向抑制的模拟抑制不相关的光谱成分，从而以选择性增加（或增强）的方式起作用。 因此，在仅仅大约15个小时的练习之后，借助于根据本公开将要传送的传感器图案，可以以大约95％的可靠性正确识别十个单音节词。 用于其实现的所公开的方法和装置特别适用于聋人的听觉假体。
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