公开(公告)号：US06862132B1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-01

申请号：US09929738

申请日：2001-08-13

申请人： Emilio Casaccia ,  Fabrizio Di Pasquale ,  Giorgio Grasso

发明人： Emilio Casaccia ,  Fabrizio Di Pasquale ,  Giorgio Grasso

IPC分类号： H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/30

CPC分类号： H01S3/302 ,  H01S3/094015 ,  H01S3/094096 ,  H01S2301/02

摘要： Systems and methods for ameliorating double Rayleigh backscattering induced impairments are provided. Raman amplification is divided among two or more stages. Optical energy from a single counter-propagating pump may traverse multiple stages while optical energy at the frequency of the signal to be amplified is permitted to propagate in the forward direction only. In this way the pump power can be effectively distributed over the entire amplifier length. The scheme may be implemented in a simple configuration employing a closed circulator and a fiber Bragg grating. Multiple wavelength pump operation may be accommodated as well as either discrete or distributed Raman amplification.

摘要翻译： 提供了改善双瑞利后向散射诱发损伤的系统和方法。 拉曼放大分为两个或多个阶段。 来自单个反向传播泵的光能可以横越多个阶段，而被放大的信号的频率的光能仅允许沿正向传播。 以这种方式，泵功率可以在整个放大器长度上有效分布。 该方案可以采用采用封闭循环器和光纤布拉格光栅的简单配置来实现。 可以适应多波长泵操作以及离散或分布式拉曼放大。

公开(公告)号：US06961522B1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

申请号：US09717036

申请日：2000-11-22

申请人： Roberta Castagnetti ,  Fabrizio Di Pasquale ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Fausto Meli ,  Giovanni Sacchi

发明人： Roberta Castagnetti ,  Fabrizio Di Pasquale ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Fausto Meli ,  Giovanni Sacchi

IPC分类号： H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/17 ,  H04J14/02

CPC分类号： H04B10/2931 ,  H04B10/2916 ,  H04J14/0221

摘要： An approach for automatic Raman gain and tilt control for a WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) optical communication systems is disclosed. An optical fiber carries a plurality of optical signals, in which at least one of the optical signals are reference signals. An optical gain unit (e.g., Raman pump unit) couples to the optical fiber and adjusts the reference signals to compensate, in part, for losses associated with the optical fiber and gain tilt accumulation. Upon detecting and analyzing the reference signals, a controller controls the optical gain unit and outputs a control signal to the optical gain unit based upon the analyzed reference signals. An optical amplifier is connected to the optical fiber and amplifies the optical signals. The optical gain unit provides a nearly constant power per channel at an input of the optical amplifier. Under this approach, a Raman gain control mechanism, combined with the use of gain controlled EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier), allows high transmission capacity over ultra-long distances without optical regeneration and with high flexibility.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于WDM（波分复用）​​光通信系统的自动拉曼增益和倾斜控制的方法。 光纤携带多个光信号，其中至少一个光信号是参考信号。 光增益单元（例如，拉曼泵单元）耦合到光纤并且调整参考信号以部分地补偿与光纤相关联的损耗和增益倾斜积累。 在检测和分析参考信号时，控制器控制光学增益单元，并且基于分析的参考信号向光学增益单元输出控制信号。 光放大器连接到光纤并放大光信号。 光学增益单元在光放大器的输入处提供每通道几乎恒定的功率。 在这种方法下，拉曼增益控制机制与增益控制EDFA（掺铒光纤放大器）结合使用，可实现超长距离的高传输容量，无需光学再生和高灵活性。

公开(公告)号：US20100183312A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-22

申请号：US12513993

申请日：2006-11-09

申请人： Lorenzo Bolla ,  Paola Galli ,  Silvia Ghidini ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Luciano Socci

发明人： Lorenzo Bolla ,  Paola Galli ,  Silvia Ghidini ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Luciano Socci

IPC分类号： H04J14/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/29343 ,  G02B6/29383 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/021

摘要： The method for filtering an optical signal comprising a plurality of channels lying on a grid of optical frequencies equally spaced by a frequency spacing and occupying an optical bandwidth, comprises: a) operating an optical filter comprising a plurality of resonators each having a respective free spectral range, wherein a first resonator of the plurality is optically coupled to the optical signal and the remaining resonators are optically coupled in series to the first resonator, so that a respective resonance of each one of the plurality of resonators falls within a first frequency band having bandwidth less than or equal to 15 GHz; b) operating the optical filter so as to obtain a separation between any resonance of at least one resonator falling within the optical bandwidth with respect to a resonance of at least another different resonator nearest to the any resonance, the separation being greater than or equal to 150 GHz and no more than 1 THz; c) tuning all the resonators of the optical filter so as to move all respective resonances of the resonators by a respective frequency interval greater than the frequency spacing while maintaining a distance between the any resonance of the at least one resonator with respect to the nearest resonance of the at least another different resonator not less than 150 GHz and no more than 1 THz; and d) operating the optical filter so that a further respective resonance of each one of the plurality of resonators falls within a second frequency band, different from the first frequency band, having bandwidth less than or equal to 15 GHz. A corresponding device for filtering an optical signal is disclosed.

摘要翻译： 用于过滤光信号的方法包括位于以频率间隔等间隔并占据光带宽的光频率网格上的多个通道的方法，包括：a）操作包括多个谐振器的滤光器，每个谐振器各自具有相应的自由光谱 范围，其中多个第一谐振器光学耦合到光信号，并且剩余的谐振器与第一谐振器串联光耦合，使得多个谐振器中的每一个谐振器的相应谐振落在具有 带宽小于或等于15GHz; b）操作所述滤光器，以便获得落入所述光学带宽内的至少一个谐振器的任何谐振与至少另一不同谐振器的谐振之间的距离，所述至少另一不同谐振器最接近所述谐振，所述分离大于或等于 150 GHz，不超过1 THz; c）调整所述滤光器的所有谐振器，以使所述谐振器的所有相应谐振移动大于所述频率间隔的相应频率间隔，同时保持所述至少一个谐振器的所述谐振之间相对于所述最近谐振的距离 的至少另一个不同的谐振器，不小于150GHz且不超过1THz; 以及d）操作所述滤光器，使得所述多个谐振器中的每一个的进一步的各自的谐振落入具有小于或等于15GHz的带宽的与所述第一频带不同的第二频带内。 公开了一种用于滤波光信号的相应装置。

公开(公告)号：US20090204805A1

公开(公告)日：2009-08-13

申请号：US11664967

申请日：2004-10-15

申请人： Mauro Robba ,  Claudio Zammarchi ,  Giorgio Grasso

发明人： Mauro Robba ,  Claudio Zammarchi ,  Giorgio Grasso

IPC分类号： H04L9/00

CPC分类号： H04L63/0485 ,  H04W12/02

摘要： In a telecommunication network, a modular expandable gateway connects a local area network to a wide area network and includes a base module and a plurality of add-on modules arranged in one or more stacks, the base module and the add-modules including respective encryption/decryption engines to exchange secure information with each other, thus frustrating any possible fraudulent interception of the information at the module interconnections.

摘要翻译： 在电信网络中，模块化可扩展网关将局域网连接到广域网，并且包括基本模块和布置在一个或多个堆叠中的多个附加模块，基本模块和附加模块包括相应的加密 /解密引擎以彼此交换安全信息，从而使得在模块互连处的任何可能的欺诈性拦截信息受到挫败。

公开(公告)号：US07526157B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-28

申请号：US11791611

申请日：2004-12-06

申请人： Roberto Aldeghi ,  Pierluigi Franco ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Francesco Tassone

发明人： Roberto Aldeghi ,  Pierluigi Franco ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Francesco Tassone

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42

CPC分类号： G02B6/2852 ,  G02B6/4203 ,  G02B6/4206 ,  G02B6/4246

摘要： Point-to-point link for the transmission of digital signals includes two opto-electronic conversion apparatuses and an optical cable including at least one optical fiber having two terminal portions, each opto-electronic conversion apparatus including an opto-electronic device optically coupled to a respective terminal portion between the two terminal portions of the at least one optical fiber, wherein at least one of the two opto-electronic conversion apparatuses is adapted to keep the respective terminal portion of the optical fiber in bent position with a bending radius R, where 1.5 mm≦R≦2.5 mm, and to keep the respective opto-electronic device optically coupled to the bent terminal portion in order to allow the transmission of the digital signals between the optical fiber and the at least one of the two opto-electronic conversion apparatuses; and at least the bent terminal portion of the at least one optical fiber is such as to satisfy the following relationship r/R

摘要翻译： 用于传输数字信号的点对点链路包括两个光电转换装置和包括至少一个具有两个端子部分的光纤的光缆，每个光电转换装置包括光耦合到 所述至少一个光纤的两个端子部分之间的相应端子部分，其中两个光电转换装置中的至少一个适于将光纤的相应端子部分保持在弯曲半径R的弯曲位置，其中 为了使光纤和两个光电耦合器件中的至少一个之间的数字信号的传输能够保持光耦合到弯曲的端子部分的各个光电器件， 电子转换装置; 并且至少一个光纤的弯曲端子部分至少满足r / R <0.07 * n /（35 + n）的关系，其中n是应力腐蚀敏感性因子，r是半径 光纤的包层。

公开(公告)号：US5355250A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-11

申请号：US84770

申请日：1993-06-29

申请人： Giorgio Grasso ,  Aldo Righetti ,  Mario Tamburello

发明人： Giorgio Grasso ,  Aldo Righetti ,  Mario Tamburello

IPC分类号： G02F1/35 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/06 ,  H01S3/07 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H04B10/08 ,  H04B10/16 ,  H04B10/17 ,  H01S3/10 ,  H01J5/16 ,  H04B9/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/2931 ,  H04B10/077 ,  H04B10/07955

摘要： The telecommunication line comprises at least one terminal station having an optical-signal transmitter and an optical-signal receiver, which are operationally connected by an automatic protection device suitable for shutting down said transmitter in the absence of a received optical signal, at least one opticalfibre line for the transmission of the optical signals transmitted by said transmitter and received by said receiver, and at least one optical amplifier included in said line. With said optical amplifier there are associated means for the detection of the presence of light energy at input and means for causing the shut down of the amplifier, which in the absence of light energy at input are caused by said detection means to interrupt substantially any emission of light energy on the part of said optical amplifier.

摘要翻译： 电信线路包括至少一个具有光信号发射机和光信号接收机的终端站，该终端站由适用于在没有接收到的光信号的情况下关闭所述发射机的自动保护装置可操作地连接至少一个光纤 用于由所述发射机发送并由所述接收机接收的光信号的传输线，以及包括在所述线路中的至少一个光放大器。 对于所述光放大器，存在用于检测输入处的光能的存在的相关装置和用于引起放大器关闭的装置，在放大器的输入不存在光能的情况下，由所述检测装置基本上中断任何发射 的所述光放大器的一部分上的光能。

公开(公告)号：US5245467A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-14

申请号：US891680

申请日：1992-05-28

申请人： Giorgio Grasso ,  Aldo Righetti ,  Flavio Fontana

发明人： Giorgio Grasso ,  Aldo Righetti ,  Flavio Fontana

IPC分类号： H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/16 ,  H01S3/17

CPC分类号： H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/17 ,  H01S2301/04 ,  H01S3/094011 ,  H01S3/1693 ,  H01S3/1698

摘要： An optical fiber and an optical amplifier, in particular for optical fiber telecommunication lines operating with a transmission signal in a predetermined wavelength range. The amplifier comprises laser emitting active optical fiber doped with erbium and a further doping substance, distributed along the fiber. The further doping substance has an absorption for a light having a wavelength lower than 1,540 nm substantially higher than the absorption that the further doping substance shows for a light having a wavelength varying from 1,540 nm to the upper limit of the predetermined wavelength range of the transmission signal. Preferably, the further doping substance is samarium. Samarium contained in the fiber is capable of absorbing the spontaneous erbium emission, which would constitute a noise source, thereby allowing a communication signal to be amplified in a wavelength range corresponding substantially to the tolerance range of the commercially available laser light emitters used as the communication signal source.

摘要翻译： 光纤和光放大器，特别是用于以预定波长范围的传输信号工作的光纤通信线路。 放大器包括掺杂有铒的激光发射有源光纤和沿着光纤分布的另外的掺杂物质。 进一步的掺杂物质对于波长低于1540nm的光的吸收，其显着高于进一步的掺杂物质对于具有从1540nm变化到传输的预定波长范围的上限的光的显示的吸收， 信号。 优选地，另外的掺杂物质是钐。 包含在纤维中的钐能够吸收构成噪声源的自发铒发射，从而允许通信信号在基本上对应于用作通信的市售激光发射器的公差范围内的波长范围内被放大 信号源。

公开(公告)号：US5218665A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-08

申请号：US954468

申请日：1992-09-30

申请人： Giorgio Grasso ,  Paul L. Scrivener

发明人： Giorgio Grasso ,  Paul L. Scrivener

IPC分类号： G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/34 ,  H01S3/067

CPC分类号： H01S3/06754 ,  G02B6/283 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  G02B2006/2839 ,  H01S2301/02 ,  H01S2301/04 ,  H01S3/06729 ,  H01S3/06737

摘要： An optical amplifier for telecommunication lines over which communication signals at a predetermined wavelength are transmitted. The amplifier has portions of two optically coupled fibers, at least one of the fibers being an active fiber, interconnected by a length of active fiber connected to the one fiber of successive portions. Preferably, the active fibers are doped with erbium, and the coupling wavelength of the two fibers is different from the communication signal wavelength so that energy of the spontaneous emission of erbium is transferred from the one fiber to the other fiber and absorbed in the latter permitting amplification of communication signals in a range of wavelengths corresponding to the tolerance range of commercial laser signal emitters.

摘要翻译： 一种用于电信线路的光放大器，通过该光放大器传送预定波长的通信信号。 放大器具有两个光耦合光纤的部分，至少一个光纤是有源光纤，通过连接到连续部分的一个光纤的一段有源光纤互连。 优选地，有源光纤掺杂有铒，并且两个光纤的耦合波长不同于通信信号波长，使得铒的自发发射的能量从一个光纤转移到另一个光纤并在后者中被吸收 在对应于商业激光信号发射器的公差范围的波长范围内的通信信号的放大。

公开(公告)号：US20100232802A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-16

申请号：US12520914

申请日：2006-12-27

申请人： Pierpaolo Boffi ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Lucia Marazzi ,  Paola Parolari ,  Aldo Righetti ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Giovanni Tamiri

发明人： Pierpaolo Boffi ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Lucia Marazzi ,  Paola Parolari ,  Aldo Righetti ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Giovanni Tamiri

IPC分类号： H04B10/12 ,  H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/25133 ,  G02B6/29343 ,  G02B6/29394

摘要： Optical transmission system (200) comprising: an optical source (210) adapted to generate a modulated optical signal having an optical spectrum and a dispersion robustness; an optical dispersion compensation filter (250) optically connected to the optical source, comprising at least two cascaded optical resonators and having a periodic transfer function that is rigidly translatable in the frequency spectrum and characterized by a free spectral range (FSR); a control system (270; 280; 260) adapted to act on the optical compensation filter in order rigidly to translate said transfer function along the frequency spectrum in a first and in a second position in such a way that: in a first position in the frequency spectrum of said transfer function, the mean chromatic dispersion weighted over said optical spectrum of the modulated signal is greater, in absolute value, than the value of dispersion robustness; in a second position in the frequency spectrum of said transfer function, the mean chromatic dispersion weighted over said optical spectrum of the modulated signal is smaller, in absolute value, than the value of dispersion robustness; in the first and in the second position the mean slope of the chromatic dispersion weighted over said optical spectrum of the modulated signal is smaller, in absolute terms, than 300000 ps/nm2, where the translation of said transfer function between the first and the second position is smaller than said FSR.

摘要翻译： 光传输系统（200）包括：光源（210），适于产生具有光谱和色散鲁棒性的调制光信号; 光学连接到光源的光学色散补偿滤波器（250），包括至少两个级联的光学谐振器，并且具有在频谱中可刚性地平移的周期性传递函数，并且由自由光谱范围（FSR）表征。 控制系统（270; 280; 260），其适于作用在所述光学补偿滤波器上，以便在第一和第二位置中沿着所述频谱平移所述传递函数，使得在所述光学补偿滤波器中的第一位置处于 所述传递函数的频谱，在调制信号的所述光谱上加权的平均色散比绝对值大于色散鲁棒性的值; 在所述传递函数的频谱中的第二位置，在所述调制信号的所述光谱上加权的平均色散比绝对值小于分散鲁棒性的值; 在第一位置和第二位置，在调制信号的所述光谱上加权的色散的平均斜率绝对值小于300000ps / nm2，其中所述第一和第二信号之间的所述传递函数的平移 位置小于所述FSR。

公开(公告)号：US20080219621A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-11

申请号：US11791611

申请日：2004-12-06

申请人： Roberto Aldeghi ,  Pierluigi Franco ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Francesco Tassone

发明人： Roberto Aldeghi ,  Pierluigi Franco ,  Giorgio Grasso ,  Marco Romagnoli ,  Francesco Tassone

IPC分类号： G02B6/42

CPC分类号： G02B6/2852 ,  G02B6/4203 ,  G02B6/4206 ,  G02B6/4246

摘要： Point-to-point link for the transmission of digital signals includes two opto-electronic conversion apparatuses and an optical cable including at least one optical fiber having two terminal portions, each opto-electronic conversion apparatus including an opto-electronic device optically coupled to a respective terminal portion between the two terminal portions of the at least one optical fiber, wherein at least one of the two opto-electronic conversion apparatuses is adapted to keep the respective terminal portion of the optical fiber in bent position with a bending radius R, where 1.5 mm≦R≦2.5 mm, and to keep the respective opto-electronic device optically coupled to the bent terminal portion in order to allow the transmission of the digital signals between the optical fiber and the at least one of the two opto-electronic conversion apparatuses; and at least the bent terminal portion of the at least one optical fiber is such as to satisfy the following relationship r/R

摘要翻译： 用于传输数字信号的点对点链路包括两个光电转换装置和包括至少一个具有两个端子部分的光纤的光缆，每个光电转换装置包括光耦合到 所述至少一个光纤的两个端子部分之间的相应端子部分，其中两个光电转换装置中的至少一个适于将光纤的相应端子部分保持在弯曲半径R的弯曲位置，其中 为了使光纤和两个光电耦合器件中的至少一个之间的数字信号的传输能够保持光耦合到弯曲的端子部分的各个光电器件， 电子转换装置; 并且至少一个光纤的弯曲端子部分至少满足r / R <0.07 * n /（35 + n）的关系，其中n是应力腐蚀敏感性因子，r是半径 光纤的包层。