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公开(公告)号：US07038190B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-02
申请号：US10325874
申请日：2002-12-20
IPC分类号： G01J1/04
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01D5/35383
摘要： A fiber grating environmental sensing system is described that has the ability to measure strain, vibration, humidity and water content. Fiber gratings are used to measure axial strain to accomplish these goals. An approach is described that uses matched fiber grating sensors and filters to allow for thermal compensation greatly reducing one of the key performance issues facing these systems. The system may be deployed in such applications as roadways and paved surfaces, bridges, buildings and aircraft and spacecraft. Means are described to implement transducers optimized for specific environmental measurements as well as means to demodulate the fiber grating sensors.
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公开(公告)号：US06600149B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-29
申请号：US09746037
申请日：2000-12-22
申请人： Whitten L. Schulz , Eric Udd
发明人： Whitten L. Schulz , Eric Udd
IPC分类号： G01J142
CPC分类号： G01N21/774 , G01M3/165 , G01M3/38 , G01N2021/7723 , G02B6/022
摘要： Fiber grating environmental measurement systems are comprised of sensors that are configured to respond to changes in moisture or chemical content of the surrounding medium through the action of coatings and plates inducing strain that is measured. These sensors can also be used to monitor the interior of bonds for degradation due to aging, cracking, or chemical attack. Means to multiplex these sensors at high speed and with high sensitivity can be accomplished by using spectral filters placed to correspond to each fiber grating environmental sensor. By forming networks of spectral elements and using wavelength division multiplexing arrays of fiber grating sensors may be processed in a single fiber line allowing distributed high sensitivity, high bandwidth fiber optic grating environmental sensor systems to be realized.
摘要翻译： 光纤光栅环境测量系统由传感器组成，传感器被配置为通过涂层和板的作用来响应周围介质的湿度或化学成分的变化，诱导测量的应变。 这些传感器也可用于监测由于老化，开裂或化学侵蚀而导致的结合物内部的退化。 可以通过使用放置为对应于每个光纤光栅环境传感器的光谱滤波器来实现以高速和高灵敏度复用这些传感器的手段。 通过形成光谱元件的网络并使用光纤光栅传感器的波分复用阵列可以在单个光纤线路中进行处理，从而实现分布式高灵敏度，高带宽光纤光栅环境传感器系统。
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公开(公告)号：US08515215B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-20
申请号：US13073295
申请日：2011-03-28
IPC分类号： A61B1/07
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , A61B5/1076 , A61B5/6852 , A61B2017/00039 , A61B2017/00053 , A61B2034/2061 , A61B2090/067
摘要： A medical instrument system includes an elongate instrument body defining a longitudinal axis and capable of being twisted about its longitudinal axis and an optical fiber sensor coupled to the instrument body. A detector is operatively coupled to the optical fiber sensor and configured to detect respective light signals transmitted on the optical fiber sensor. A controller is operatively coupled to the detector and configured to determine a twist of a portion of the instrument body about its longitudinal axis based on an analysis of detected light signals.
摘要翻译： 医疗器械系统包括限定纵向轴线并能够围绕其纵向轴线扭转的细长器械主体和耦合到器械主体的光纤传感器。 检测器可操作地耦合到光纤传感器并且被配置为检测在光纤传感器上传输的各个光信号。 控制器可操作地耦合到检测器并且被配置为基于对检测到的光信号的分析来确定仪器主体的围绕其纵向轴线的一部分的扭转。
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公开(公告)号：US08050523B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-01
申请号：US12106254
申请日：2008-04-18
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , A61B5/1076 , A61B5/6852 , A61B2017/00039 , A61B2017/00053 , A61B2034/2061 , A61B2090/067
摘要： A medical instrument system includes an elongate flexible instrument body with an optical fiber substantially encapsulated in a wall of the instrument body, the optical fiber including one or more fiber gratings. A detector is operatively coupled to the optical fiber and configured to detect respective light signals reflected by the one or more fiber gratings. A controller is operatively coupled to the detector, and configured to determine a twist of at least a portion of the instrument body based on detected reflected light signals. The instrument may be a guide catheter and may be robotically or manually controlled.
摘要翻译： 医疗仪器系统包括具有基本上封装在仪器主体的壁中的光纤的细长柔性仪器本体，所述光纤包括一个或多个光纤光栅。 检测器可操作地耦合到光纤并且被配置为检测由一个或多个光纤光栅反射的各个光信号。 控制器可操作地耦合到检测器，并且被配置为基于检测到的反射光信号来确定仪器主体的至少一部分的扭转。 仪器可以是引导导管，并且可以是机器人或手动控制的。
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公开(公告)号：US20090028489A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-29
申请号：US12217666
申请日：2008-07-08
申请人： Eric Udd , Jerry J. Benterou
发明人： Eric Udd , Jerry J. Benterou
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： F42B35/00 , G01D5/35303 , G02B6/29317
摘要： A fiber optic grating sensor system is used to localize and measure the environment associated with high speed events including pressure, temperature, velocity and position. This system has the capability to provide timing and physical location markers allowing the character of a rapidly changing event to be accurately measured with specific reference to time and location of that event. The system consists of a fiber grating sensor assembly that may consist of a fiber grating array or chirped fiber grating. Markers are put in place by using short fiber gratings that either occupies a different spatial or spectral space so that environmental measurements can be accurately related to time and space. The reflective spectra can be interpreted rapidly through the use of spectral filters, the disappearance of the fiber grating assembly due to an energetic event or arrays of high speed detectors supported by dispersive elements.
摘要翻译： 光纤光栅传感器系统用于定位和测量与包括压力，温度，速度和位置在内的高速事件相关的环境。 该系统具有提供定时和物理位置标记的能力，允许精确地测量快速变化事件的特征，具体参考该事件的时间和位置。 该系统由光纤光栅传感器组件组成，其可由光纤阵列或啁啾光纤光栅组成。 通过使用短纤维光栅来标记标记物，这些光纤光栅可以占用不同的空间或光谱空间，以便环境测量可以准确地与时间和空间相关。 反射光谱可以通过使用光谱滤波器快速解释，由于能量事件或由分散元件支持的高速检测器的阵列，光纤光栅组件的消失。
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6.发明授权Methods and apparatus for enhancing dynamic range, sensitivity, accuracy, and resolution in fiber optic sensor systems 有权用于增强光纤传感器系统的动态范围，灵敏度，精度和分辨率的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06363180B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09303163
申请日：1999-04-30
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01D5/344 , G01D5/35383
摘要： Methods for enhancing dynamic range, sensitivity, accuracy, and resolution in fiber optic sensors include manipulating the polarization characteristics of the light entering a fiber optic sensor and/or manipulating the polarization characteristics of the light exiting the sensor before it enters the light detection system. An apparatus according to the invention includes a fiber optic core having one or more gratings written onto it, a light source and a detection system for detecting light transmitted through the grating or reflected by the grating. The light source and the spectral demodulation system may be coupled to opposite ends of the fiber optic (transmission mode) or may be coupled to the same end of the fiber optic through the use of a beam splitter and terminators (reflection mode). Apparatus according to the invention include a polarizer and controller located either between the light source and the fiber or between the fiber and the detection system. Other embodiments of the invention include a depolarizing scrambler before the detection system so that the light entering the detection system is depolarized. According to other embodiments, two detection systems are coupled to the fiber by a beam splitter.
摘要翻译： 用于增强光纤传感器中的动态范围，灵敏度，精度和分辨率的方法包括操纵进入光纤传感器的光的偏振特性和/或在进入光检测系统之前操纵离开传感器的光的偏振特性。 根据本发明的装置包括具有写入其中的一个或多个光栅的光纤芯，光源和用于检测透过光栅或由光栅反射的光的检测系统。 光源和光谱解调系统可以耦合到光纤的相对端（传输模式），或者可以通过使用分束器和终端器（反射模式）耦合到光纤的同一端。 根据本发明的设备包括位于光源和光纤之间或光纤与检测系统之间的偏振器和控制器。 本发明的其它实施例包括在检测系统之前的去极化扰频器，使得进入检测系统的光被去极化。 根据其他实施例，两个检测系统通过分束器耦合到光纤。
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公开(公告)号：US06335524B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-01
申请号：US09176515
申请日：1998-10-21
申请人： Eric Udd , Andreas Weisshaar
发明人： Eric Udd , Andreas Weisshaar
IPC分类号： G01B1116
CPC分类号： G01D5/35383
摘要： Fiber optic grating sensor demodulation systems are described that offer high speed and multiplexing options for both single and multiple parameter fiber optic grating sensors. To attain very high speeds for single parameter fiber grating sensors ratio techniques are used that allow a series of sensors to be placed in a single fiber while retaining high speed capability. These methods can be extended to multiparameter fiber grating sensors. Optimization of speeds can be obtained by minimizing the number of spectral peaks that must be processed and it is shown that two or three spectral peak measurements may in specific multiparameter applications offer comparable or better performance than processing four spectral peaks. Combining the ratio methods with minimization of peak measurements allows very high speed measurement of such important environmental effects as transverse strain and pressure.
摘要翻译： 描述了光纤光栅传感器解调系统，为单参数和多参数光纤光栅传感器提供高速和多路复用选项。 为了实现单参数光纤光栅传感器的非常高的速度，使用比例技术，允许将一系列传感器放置在单个光纤中，同时保持高速能力。 这些方法可以扩展到多参数光纤光栅传感器。 可以通过最小化必须处理的光谱峰值的数量来获得速度的优化，并且显示在特定多参数应用中的两个或三个光谱峰值测量可提供与处理四个光谱峰值相当或更好的性能。 将比例法与峰值测量的最小化结合使得能够非常高速地测量如横向应变和压力等重要的环境影响。
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公开(公告)号：US6144026A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US174023
申请日：1998-10-16
申请人： Eric Udd , Eric D. Haugse , Angela Trego
发明人： Eric Udd , Eric D. Haugse , Angela Trego
CPC分类号： G01N17/00 , G01D5/35383 , G01M3/047
摘要： A fiber grating corrosion sensor system which includes fiber grating corrosion and/or chemical sensors formed by writing one or more fiber gratings that are transverse load sensitive so that when corrosion occurs to a transverse stress applying sleeve there over, the transverse loading is relieved. The spectral signals from the fiber grating sensors change with variations in transverse strain providing a measurement of the degree of corrosion or change in chemical content.
摘要翻译： 一种光纤光栅腐蚀传感器系统，其包括通过写入一个或多个横向负载敏感的光纤栅形成的光纤光栅腐蚀和/或化学传感器，使得当在其上的横向应力施加套筒发生腐蚀时，横向负载被释放。 来自光纤光栅传感器的光谱信号随着横向应变的变化而变化，提供腐蚀程度或化学成分变化的测量。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5828059A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-27
申请号：US707861
申请日：1996-09-09
申请人： Eric Udd
发明人： Eric Udd
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01D5/35316 , G01D5/35335 , G01D5/35354 , G01D5/35387
摘要： A system and method to sense the application of transverse stress to an optical fiber which includes a light source that producing a relatively wide spectrum light beam. The light beam is reflected or transmitted off of an optical grating in the core of an optical fiber that is transversely stressed either directly or by the exposure to pressure when the fiber is bifringent so that the optical fiber responds to the pressure to transversely stress its core. When transversely stressed, the optical grating produces a reflection or transmission from the light beam that has two peaks or minimums in its frequency spectrum whose spacing and/or spread are indicative of the forces applied to the fiber. One or more detectors sense the reflection or transmissions from the optical grating to produce an output representative of the applied force. Multiple optical gratings and detectors may be employed to simultaneously measure temperature or the forces at different locations along the fiber.
摘要翻译： 感测横向应力对包括产生较宽光谱光束的光源的光纤的应用的系统和方法。 光纤被光纤的光纤反射或透射，该光栅在光纤的纤芯中直接受到横向应力，或者当纤维是双向的时被暴露在压力下，使得光纤响应压力横向应力其核心 。 当横向应力时，光栅产生来自光束的反射或透射，该光束在其频谱中具有两个峰值或最小值，其间距和/或扩展表示施加到光纤的力。 一个或多个检测器感测来自光栅的反射或传输以产生表示施加的力的输出。 可以使用多个光栅和检测器来同时测量沿着光纤的不同位置处的温度或力。
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公开(公告)号：US5694114A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-02
申请号：US238954
申请日：1994-05-06
申请人： Eric Udd
发明人： Eric Udd
摘要： A high speed secure fiber optic communication system that includes a coherent alarm system utilizes a pair of single mode fiber optic cables in combination with one or more light sources, phase modulators, detectors and polarization scrambling elements to form a Sagnac interferometer. The phase modulator is driven so that counter propagating light beams in the Sagnac loop experience a different optical path as they pass through the loop. When the two beams are recombined on the central beamsplitter of the Sagnac loop, the two beams interfere with each other and the data impressed as phase modulation on the light beams by the phase modulator is recovered as amplitude modulation on the output detector of the Sagnac interferometer. The coherent alarm system applies a relatively low frequency background signal to the Sagnac interferometer and watches for changes occurring to the background signal that indicate the presence of an intruder. Although the system is very secure, such coherent alarm systems with or without other alarms, intrusion control, random pathlength changes and the like can make undetected, unauthorized access to the system impossible with available interception techniques.
摘要翻译： 包括相干报警系统的高速安全光纤通信系统利用一对单模光纤电缆与一个或多个光源，相位调制器，检测器和偏振加扰元件组合来形成Sagnac干涉仪。 驱动相位调制器，使得Sagnac回路中的反向传播光束在穿过环路时经历不同的光路。 当两个光束在Sagnac环路的中心分束器上重新组合时，两个光束彼此干扰，并且通过相位调制器在光束上作为相位调制输入的数据被恢复为Sagnac干涉仪的输出检测器上的幅度调制 。 相干报警系统将相对低频的背景信号应用于Sagnac干涉仪，并观察表示入侵者存在的背景信号发生的变化。 虽然系统非常安全，但是具有或不具有其他警报，入侵控制，随机路径长度变化等的这样一致的警报系统可以通过可用的拦截技术使得未检测到的未经授权的访问不可能。
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