摘要:
A method for heating a subsurface formation includes applying heat from a plurality of heaters to at least a portion of the subsurface formation. A portion of one or more of the heaters are allowed to move relative to the heaters respective wellhead using sliding seals to accommodate thermal expansion of the heaters.
摘要:
A method for heating a subsurface formation includes applying heat from a plurality of heaters to at least a portion of the subsurface formation. A portion of one or more of the heaters are allowed to move relative to the heaters respective wellhead using sliding seals to accommodate thermal expansion of the heaters.
摘要:
Methods for assessing a temperature in an opening in a subsurface formation are described herein. A method may include assessing one or more dielectric properties along a length of an insulated conductor located in the opening and assessing one or more temperatures along the length of the insulated conductor based on the one or more assessed dielectric properties.
摘要:
Methods for assessing a temperature in an opening in a subsurface formation are described herein. A method may include assessing one or more dielectric properties along a length of an insulated conductor located in the opening and assessing one or more temperatures along the length of the insulated conductor based on the one or more assessed dielectric properties.
摘要:
A system for heating a subsurface formation includes a heater wellbore located in a subsurface formation. A single conducting heater element includes a heated portion located in a part of the subsurface formation configured to be heated and a lead-in portion located in an overburden of the subsurface formation. The heated part is located below the overburden. A heater casing is located substantially in an overburden portion of the heater wellbore. The heater casing includes an electrically non-conducting portion and an electrically conducting portion. The non-conducting portion begins at the surface of the formation. The conducting portion is located between the non-conducting portion and the heated portion of the heater. The non-conducting portion extends to a depth that is at least about 30 m above the heated portion of the heater.
摘要:
A system for heating a subsurface formation is described. The system includes a first elongated heater in a first opening in the formation. The first elongated heater includes an exposed metal section in a portion of the first opening. The portion is below a layer of the formation to be heated. The exposed metal section is exposed to the formation. A second elongated heater is in a second opening in the formation. The second opening connects to the first opening at or near the portion of the first opening below the layer to be heated. At least a portion of an exposed metal section of the second elongated heater is electrically coupled to at least a portion of the exposed metal section of the first elongated heater in the portion of the first opening below the layer to be heated.
摘要:
A system for heating a subsurface formation includes a heater wellbore located in a subsurface formation. A single conducting heater element includes a heated portion located in a part of the subsurface formation configured to be heated and a lead-in portion located in an overburden of the subsurface formation. The heated part is located below the overburden. A heater casing is located substantially in an overburden portion of the heater wellbore. The heater casing includes an electrically non-conducting portion and an electrically conducting portion. The non-conducting portion begins at the surface of the formation. The conducting portion is located between the non-conducting portion and the heated portion of the heater. The non-conducting portion extends to a depth that is at least about 30 m above the heated portion of the heater.
摘要:
A heated flowline electrical isolation joint is disclosed for introducing current into a pipe-in-pipe system having an outer and an inner pipe. A hub presents a load flange having tension and compression load shoulders on its terminal end and connects to the inner pipe on its other end. An end flange presents an end flange load shoulder on one end and a high strength, highly electrically insulative first ring separates the compression load shoulder from the end flange load shoulder which engage therethrough in a load bearing relationship. A plurality of o-ring seals secure the compression load shoulder-to-first ring-to-end flange load shoulder interfaces. A retainer flange connects to the end flange on one end and to the outer piper on the other end, encircling the hub and presenting a retainer flange load shoulder. A second high strength, highly electrically insulative ring separates the tension load shoulder of the hub from the retainer flange load shoulder which engage therethrough in a load bearing relationship. A plurality of o-ring seals securing the tension load shoulder-to-second ring-to-retainer flange load shoulder interfaces. An electrical feedthrough tubes receives an electrical penetrator which reaches through the retainer flange to electrical connection with the hub. An electrically insulative material in the annulus between the hub and the retainer flange and between the electrical penetrator and the electrical feedthrough tube secures electrical isolation across non-load bearing areas.
摘要:
The automatic tire inflation status measurement system comprises a scale and a tire-deformation apparatus for automatically determining whether a pneumatic tire installed on a vehicle is underinflated. The scale plate is flush mounted with the road surface and measures the weight on the tire as the tire rolls across the plate. A second weight measurement is made by using a deformation bar which projects slightly above the road surface and causes the tire to deform as it rolls over the bar. Both the scale and deformation bar are connected to load cells, preferably the same load cells. The tire deforms as it rolls across the bar and weight on the bar vs time is measured by the load cells. Data from the load cells is collected by, for example, using a summing amplifier and a computer-operated data acquisition board. The peak reading on the scale and the peak value of the bar reading are used to calculate a ratio. This ratio is then compared to a threshold value to determine whether the tire is underinflated. The result of this analysis is communicated to the vehicle driver, for example, by an electronically controlled display, such as a visual message display, computer speech generator or printer output, connected to the computer.
摘要:
A down-hole tool provided with a transmitter system for inducing a transient electromagnetic field in an earth formation has an induction coil with a number of windings to generate essentially a magnetic dipole field. The number of windings is divided into two or more groups of windings arranged to cooperatively generate the essentially magnetic dipole field when energized. Switching means are arranged to essentially simultaneously terminate the energizing of the groups of windings. The groups of windings are electrically isolated from each other or connected in parallel to each other, at least when the energizing is terminated. A transient electromagnetic field may thus be induced in an earth formation by essentially simultaneously terminating energizing each group of windings by operating the switching means. A transient electromagnetic response signal may be recorded, and used in a method of producing a mineral hydrocarbon fluid.