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公开(公告)号：US4094339A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-13
申请号：US747490
申请日：1976-12-06
CPC分类号： F16K1/34 , Y10T137/86292 , Y10T137/8766 , Y10T137/87684
摘要： To isolate shock deburring valve units in a shock deburring system and prevent back-flash or backfire during operation of the deburring system, and absorb thermal and pressure shocks exerted against the deburring valves--which, in operation, are closed--at least one of the valves is separated from the mixing chamber where the explosive force arises by a connecting line which is long enough and encloses therein a volume of the respective gas which is such that under the pressure due to an explosion in the mixing chamber, the gas can compress within the respective connecting line to thermally isolate the valve from the chamber and provide a compressible thermally isolating shock cushion for the respective valve to protect the valve against thermal damage and shock. Preferably, the valve is constructed to use a resiliently deformable sealing material between a portion of the valve bore and the valve sleeve in which a cylindrical insert is located so that pressure transferred to the closed valve will result in inwardly directed radial pressure upon deformation of the deformable substance over the sleeve and against the cylindrical projection to provide a reliable seal and, should damage to the sealing material result, permit self-healing of the respective valve.
摘要翻译： 为了在冲击去毛刺系统中隔离冲击去毛刺阀单元，并且防止去毛刺系统运行期间的反闪或反火，并且吸收对去毛刺阀施加的热和压力冲击 - 在操作中，其被封闭 - 至少一个 阀门与混合室分离，其中爆炸力由足够长的连接管线产生，并且在其中包围相应气体的体积，使得在由于混合室中的爆炸引起的压力下，气体可以在 相应的连接线将阀与腔室热隔离，并为相应阀门提供可压缩的隔热缓冲垫，以保护阀门免受热损伤和冲击。 优选地，阀被构造成在阀孔的一部分和阀套之间使用可弹性变形的密封材料，其中圆柱形插入件位于其中，使得传递到关闭阀的压力将导致向内定向的径向压力 可变形物质在套筒上并抵靠圆柱形突起，以提供可靠的密封，并且如果损坏密封材料，则允许相应阀的自愈。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4015815A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-05
申请号：US579118
申请日：1975-05-19
CPC分类号： F16K1/34
摘要： The valve for use in thermal shock deburring apparatus, in which oxygen and hydrogen are combined under explosive conditions, and which provides reliable shut-off of the respective gas component being supplied to an explosion jet chamber, and which prevents backfire or backflash, is enclosed in a housing formed with a bore, preferably cylindrical, in which an insert sleeve is located; a resiliently deformable sealing material such as, for example, Teflon, is located between a portion of the bore and the sleeve. A valve plunger is shaped to engage the resiliently deformable material to seat thereagainst; the plunger is formed with a projecting cylindrical portion fitting into the sleeve so that, upon engagement of the plunger with the resiliently deformable substance, inwardly directed radial pressure will additionally be exerted upon deformation of the substance over the sleeve against the projection, to provide a reliable seal and, if contamination should damage the sealing material, resilient deformation permits self-healing thereof.
摘要翻译： 在爆炸性条件下组合氧气和氢气的热冲击去毛刺装置中的阀门被封闭，并提供可靠地关闭被供应到爆炸喷射室的气体组件，并且防止反燃或反吹 在形成有孔的壳体中，优选圆柱形，其中插入套筒位于其中; 可弹性变形的密封材料，例如特氟龙，位于孔的一部分和套筒之间。 阀柱塞成形为接合可弹性变形的材料以便在其上安置; 柱塞形成有与套筒配合的突出的圆柱形部分，使得当柱塞与可弹性变形的物质接合时，向内指向的径向压力将另外在材料在套筒上相对于突起变形时施加，以提供一个 可靠的密封，如果污染物会损坏密封材料，弹性变形可以自愈。
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公开(公告)号：US09302321B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-05
申请号：US14239273
申请日：2012-06-28
IPC分类号： B22D41/18
CPC分类号： B22D41/186
摘要： The invention relates to a ceramic refractory stopper (a stopper device) for controlling a flow of molten metal at an outlet opening of a metallurgical vessel, such as a tundish.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制诸如中间包的冶金容器的出口处的熔融金属流动的陶瓷耐火塞（止动装置）。
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4.发明授权Method for increasing the service life of tools and a wear protection-coated tool 失效增加工具使用寿命和磨损保护涂层工具的方法
公开(公告)号：US5525420A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US212271
申请日：1994-03-14
申请人： Helmut Kaufmann
发明人： Helmut Kaufmann
CPC分类号： C23C28/044 , C23C14/025 , C23C28/04 , C23C30/005 , Y10T428/265
摘要： A method of increasing the service life of a tool and a tool coated according to the method comprises a wear resist of MeX, where Me is a metal including at least 50% group IVb metal, and X is either carbon, oxygen, nitrogen or boron with at least 50% oxygen. An intermediate layer between the substrate of the tool and the wear resistent layer is made of CrX and has a thickness of 5 nm.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.1000 nm, where d is the thickness.
摘要翻译： 一种提高工具使用寿命的方法和根据该方法涂覆的工具的方法包括MeX的抗磨剂，其中Me是包含至少50％IVb族金属的金属，X是碳，氧，氮或硼 具有至少50％的氧气。 工具的基板和耐磨层之间的中间层由CrX制成，其厚度为5nm，d = 1000nm，其中d为厚度。
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5.发明授权Method and apparatus for heating-up a substrate by means of a low voltage arc discharge and variable magnetic field 失效用于通过低电压电弧放电和可变磁场来加热衬底的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5250779A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US995947
申请日：1992-12-18
申请人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
发明人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
CPC分类号： C23C14/325 , C23C14/541 , H01J37/32055 , H01J37/32623 , H01J37/3266 , H05B7/00 , H01J2237/332
摘要： In order to heat-up a commodity to be heated or a substrate to be coated, uniformly in a vacuum chamber or in a recipient, by means of a gas discharge or low voltage arc discharge, at least one locally variable and/or displaceable magnetic field is maintained in the vacuum chamber or in the recipient at least during the heating up step. Preferably, at least two magnet fields are maintained which partially overlap and which alternatingly are operated stronger or weaker, to therewith locally influence the current density in the vacuum chamber or recipient, in order to produce along the substrate or the commodity to be heated, alternatingly a stronger or less strong heating.
摘要翻译： 为了通过气体放电或低压电弧放电将待加热的商品或要涂覆的基材均匀地加热到真空室或接收器中，至少一个局部可变的和/或可置换的磁性 场至少在加热步骤期间保持在真空室或接收器中。 优选地，保持至少两个磁场，这些磁场部分重叠并且交替地更强或更弱地运行，从而局部地影响真空室或接收器中的电流密度，以便交替地沿着衬底或待加热的商品 更强或更弱的加热。
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公开(公告)号：US5001403A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-19
申请号：US465022
申请日：1990-01-16
申请人： Wolfgang Friedel , Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
发明人： Wolfgang Friedel , Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
IPC分类号： H01J37/06 , C23C14/30 , H01J37/04 , H01J37/30 , H01J37/305
CPC分类号： H01J37/3007 , H01J37/3053
摘要： A method and apparatus centers of an electron beam (3) in a surface coating installation with movable substrates. A rotating magnetic field is superimposed on a main magnetic field which serves to guide and focus the electron beam. A focal spot of the electron beam is thus caused to rotate about a theoretical axis (17) of the electron beam (3) and the beam sweeps the entire surface (32) of a raw material source (4). Changes in the consumption of reactive gas supplied to the installation are measured by a flowmeter (21). Through a control unit (20) connected to the flowmeter, stationary magnetic fields are superimposed on the rotating magnetic field and the electron beam (3) is aimed at the center of the surface (32) of the raw material source (4) as a function of variations in the reactive gas flow.
摘要翻译： 电子束（3）在具有可移动基板的表面涂层装置中的方法和装置中心。 旋转磁场叠加在用于引导和聚焦电子束的主磁场上。 因此电子束的焦斑围绕电子束（3）的理论轴线（17）旋转，并且束扫描原料源（4）的整个表面（32）。 通过流量计（21）测量供应给设备的反应气体的消耗变化。 通过连接到流量计的控制单元（20），将静止的磁场叠加在旋转磁场上，并将电子束（3）瞄准原料源（4）的表面（32）的中心作为 反应气流变化的功能。
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公开(公告)号：US5229570A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-20
申请号：US795722
申请日：1991-11-21
申请人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
发明人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
CPC分类号： H01J37/04
摘要： During the guiding and centering of an electron beam by means of a magnet field arranged orthogonally to the axis of the electron beam in a vacuum coating plant the signals which are decisive regarding the configuration and control of the magnet field or its axis of rotation, resp., are supplied by a detecting of the burning spot of the electron beam on the surface of the evaporation source by means of a video system, i.e. by means of a video camera resp. and a corresponding picture evaluated.
摘要翻译： 在电子束的引导和定心过程中，通过与真空镀膜设备中的电子束轴线垂直排列的磁场，对磁场或其旋转轴的配置和控制决定性的信号 通过借助于视频系统，即通过摄像机分别在蒸发源的表面上检测电子束的燃烧点来提供。 并对相应的图片进行评估。
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公开(公告)号：US4113811A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-12
申请号：US702593
申请日：1976-07-06
申请人： Werner Helfgen , Gerhard Lindner , Paul Lingens , Helmut Kaufmann
发明人： Werner Helfgen , Gerhard Lindner , Paul Lingens , Helmut Kaufmann
IPC分类号： C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B45/10
摘要： A process for producing flexible formed explosive charges includes the steps of admixing at least one elastomer which exhibits an elongation of at least 800% and a tear strength of between 50 and 350 kp./cm.sup.2, at least one high-brisance explosive component and at least one plasticizer that has a melting point of less than -20.degree. C. and that does not substantially evaporate up to a temperature of 90.degree. C. and thereafter forming the resulting admixture into a shaped or formed explosive charge. The high-brisance explosive component has a detonating velocity of at least 6000 m/sec.
摘要翻译： 用于生产柔性成形炸药的方法包括以下步骤：混合至少一种弹性体，其表现出至少800％的伸长率和50-350kp./cm2的撕裂强度，至少一种高爆炸性组分， 至少一种增塑剂，其熔点低于-20℃，并且基本上不会蒸发到90℃的温度，然后将得到的混合物形成为成形或形成的炸药。 高爆炸爆炸成分的爆轰速度至少为6000米/秒。
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9.发明授权Process for producing a plastic sheet having parallel ribs extruding from both surfaces 失效用于生产具有从两个表面挤出的平行肋的塑料片的方法
公开(公告)号：US4101620A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US495432
申请日：1974-08-07
CPC分类号： B29C67/0044 , B29C47/14 , B29C59/04 , B29C47/00 , B29C47/0021 , B29C47/003 , B29C47/0033 , B29C47/0057 , B29C47/0066 , B29K2027/06 , B29K2995/0051 , B29L2007/001 , B29L2007/008
摘要： A process for the production of bilaterally corrugated plastic sheets by extruding a plastic synthetic resin composition, preferably soft PVC, from a slotted nozzle fashioned in a double comb-like shape, stretching the sheet in the longitudinal direction of the ribs during the drawing-off process and passing the sheet through a cooled glazing or smoothing calender. Also disclosed are various sheets produced by the above-process as well as methods for joining the same together.
摘要翻译： 通过从双梳状形状的开槽喷嘴挤出塑料合成树脂组合物（优选软PVC）来生产双面波纹塑料片的方法，在拉拔期间沿着肋的纵向拉伸片材 处理并使片材通过冷却的玻璃或平滑压光机。 还公开了通过上述方法制造的各种片材以及将它们连接在一起的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20140217654A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-07
申请号：US14239273
申请日：2012-06-28
IPC分类号： B22D41/18
CPC分类号： B22D41/186
摘要： The invention relates to a ceramic refractory stopper (a stopper device) for controlling a flow of molten metal at an outlet opening of a metallurgical vessel, such as a tundish.
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