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公开(公告)号：US09302321B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-05
申请号：US14239273
申请日：2012-06-28
IPC分类号： B22D41/18
CPC分类号： B22D41/186
摘要： The invention relates to a ceramic refractory stopper (a stopper device) for controlling a flow of molten metal at an outlet opening of a metallurgical vessel, such as a tundish.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制诸如中间包的冶金容器的出口处的熔融金属流动的陶瓷耐火塞（止动装置）。
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公开(公告)号：US20140217654A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-07
申请号：US14239273
申请日：2012-06-28
IPC分类号： B22D41/18
CPC分类号： B22D41/186
摘要： The invention relates to a ceramic refractory stopper (a stopper device) for controlling a flow of molten metal at an outlet opening of a metallurgical vessel, such as a tundish.
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公开(公告)号：US4094339A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-13
申请号：US747490
申请日：1976-12-06
CPC分类号： F16K1/34 , Y10T137/86292 , Y10T137/8766 , Y10T137/87684
摘要： To isolate shock deburring valve units in a shock deburring system and prevent back-flash or backfire during operation of the deburring system, and absorb thermal and pressure shocks exerted against the deburring valves--which, in operation, are closed--at least one of the valves is separated from the mixing chamber where the explosive force arises by a connecting line which is long enough and encloses therein a volume of the respective gas which is such that under the pressure due to an explosion in the mixing chamber, the gas can compress within the respective connecting line to thermally isolate the valve from the chamber and provide a compressible thermally isolating shock cushion for the respective valve to protect the valve against thermal damage and shock. Preferably, the valve is constructed to use a resiliently deformable sealing material between a portion of the valve bore and the valve sleeve in which a cylindrical insert is located so that pressure transferred to the closed valve will result in inwardly directed radial pressure upon deformation of the deformable substance over the sleeve and against the cylindrical projection to provide a reliable seal and, should damage to the sealing material result, permit self-healing of the respective valve.
摘要翻译： 为了在冲击去毛刺系统中隔离冲击去毛刺阀单元，并且防止去毛刺系统运行期间的反闪或反火，并且吸收对去毛刺阀施加的热和压力冲击 - 在操作中，其被封闭 - 至少一个 阀门与混合室分离，其中爆炸力由足够长的连接管线产生，并且在其中包围相应气体的体积，使得在由于混合室中的爆炸引起的压力下，气体可以在 相应的连接线将阀与腔室热隔离，并为相应阀门提供可压缩的隔热缓冲垫，以保护阀门免受热损伤和冲击。 优选地，阀被构造成在阀孔的一部分和阀套之间使用可弹性变形的密封材料，其中圆柱形插入件位于其中，使得传递到关闭阀的压力将导致向内定向的径向压力 可变形物质在套筒上并抵靠圆柱形突起，以提供可靠的密封，并且如果损坏密封材料，则允许相应阀的自愈。
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4.发明授权Method for increasing the service life of tools and a wear protection-coated tool 失效增加工具使用寿命和磨损保护涂层工具的方法
公开(公告)号：US5525420A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US212271
申请日：1994-03-14
申请人： Helmut Kaufmann
发明人： Helmut Kaufmann
CPC分类号： C23C28/044 , C23C14/025 , C23C28/04 , C23C30/005 , Y10T428/265
摘要： A method of increasing the service life of a tool and a tool coated according to the method comprises a wear resist of MeX, where Me is a metal including at least 50% group IVb metal, and X is either carbon, oxygen, nitrogen or boron with at least 50% oxygen. An intermediate layer between the substrate of the tool and the wear resistent layer is made of CrX and has a thickness of 5 nm.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.1000 nm, where d is the thickness.
摘要翻译： 一种提高工具使用寿命的方法和根据该方法涂覆的工具的方法包括MeX的抗磨剂，其中Me是包含至少50％IVb族金属的金属，X是碳，氧，氮或硼 具有至少50％的氧气。 工具的基板和耐磨层之间的中间层由CrX制成，其厚度为5nm，d = 1000nm，其中d为厚度。
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5.发明授权Method and apparatus for heating-up a substrate by means of a low voltage arc discharge and variable magnetic field 失效用于通过低电压电弧放电和可变磁场来加热衬底的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5250779A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US995947
申请日：1992-12-18
申请人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
发明人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
CPC分类号： C23C14/325 , C23C14/541 , H01J37/32055 , H01J37/32623 , H01J37/3266 , H05B7/00 , H01J2237/332
摘要： In order to heat-up a commodity to be heated or a substrate to be coated, uniformly in a vacuum chamber or in a recipient, by means of a gas discharge or low voltage arc discharge, at least one locally variable and/or displaceable magnetic field is maintained in the vacuum chamber or in the recipient at least during the heating up step. Preferably, at least two magnet fields are maintained which partially overlap and which alternatingly are operated stronger or weaker, to therewith locally influence the current density in the vacuum chamber or recipient, in order to produce along the substrate or the commodity to be heated, alternatingly a stronger or less strong heating.
摘要翻译： 为了通过气体放电或低压电弧放电将待加热的商品或要涂覆的基材均匀地加热到真空室或接收器中，至少一个局部可变的和/或可置换的磁性 场至少在加热步骤期间保持在真空室或接收器中。 优选地，保持至少两个磁场，这些磁场部分重叠并且交替地更强或更弱地运行，从而局部地影响真空室或接收器中的电流密度，以便交替地沿着衬底或待加热的商品 更强或更弱的加热。
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公开(公告)号：US5001403A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-19
申请号：US465022
申请日：1990-01-16
申请人： Wolfgang Friedel , Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
发明人： Wolfgang Friedel , Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
IPC分类号： H01J37/06 , C23C14/30 , H01J37/04 , H01J37/30 , H01J37/305
CPC分类号： H01J37/3007 , H01J37/3053
摘要： A method and apparatus centers of an electron beam (3) in a surface coating installation with movable substrates. A rotating magnetic field is superimposed on a main magnetic field which serves to guide and focus the electron beam. A focal spot of the electron beam is thus caused to rotate about a theoretical axis (17) of the electron beam (3) and the beam sweeps the entire surface (32) of a raw material source (4). Changes in the consumption of reactive gas supplied to the installation are measured by a flowmeter (21). Through a control unit (20) connected to the flowmeter, stationary magnetic fields are superimposed on the rotating magnetic field and the electron beam (3) is aimed at the center of the surface (32) of the raw material source (4) as a function of variations in the reactive gas flow.
摘要翻译： 电子束（3）在具有可移动基板的表面涂层装置中的方法和装置中心。 旋转磁场叠加在用于引导和聚焦电子束的主磁场上。 因此电子束的焦斑围绕电子束（3）的理论轴线（17）旋转，并且束扫描原料源（4）的整个表面（32）。 通过流量计（21）测量供应给设备的反应气体的消耗变化。 通过连接到流量计的控制单元（20），将静止的磁场叠加在旋转磁场上，并将电子束（3）瞄准原料源（4）的表面（32）的中心作为 反应气流变化的功能。
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公开(公告)号：US5229570A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-20
申请号：US795722
申请日：1991-11-21
申请人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
发明人： Helmut Kaufmann , Roland Schmid
CPC分类号： H01J37/04
摘要： During the guiding and centering of an electron beam by means of a magnet field arranged orthogonally to the axis of the electron beam in a vacuum coating plant the signals which are decisive regarding the configuration and control of the magnet field or its axis of rotation, resp., are supplied by a detecting of the burning spot of the electron beam on the surface of the evaporation source by means of a video system, i.e. by means of a video camera resp. and a corresponding picture evaluated.
摘要翻译： 在电子束的引导和定心过程中，通过与真空镀膜设备中的电子束轴线垂直排列的磁场，对磁场或其旋转轴的配置和控制决定性的信号 通过借助于视频系统，即通过摄像机分别在蒸发源的表面上检测电子束的燃烧点来提供。 并对相应的图片进行评估。
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公开(公告)号：US4113811A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-12
申请号：US702593
申请日：1976-07-06
申请人： Werner Helfgen , Gerhard Lindner , Paul Lingens , Helmut Kaufmann
发明人： Werner Helfgen , Gerhard Lindner , Paul Lingens , Helmut Kaufmann
IPC分类号： C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B45/10
摘要： A process for producing flexible formed explosive charges includes the steps of admixing at least one elastomer which exhibits an elongation of at least 800% and a tear strength of between 50 and 350 kp./cm.sup.2, at least one high-brisance explosive component and at least one plasticizer that has a melting point of less than -20.degree. C. and that does not substantially evaporate up to a temperature of 90.degree. C. and thereafter forming the resulting admixture into a shaped or formed explosive charge. The high-brisance explosive component has a detonating velocity of at least 6000 m/sec.
摘要翻译： 用于生产柔性成形炸药的方法包括以下步骤：混合至少一种弹性体，其表现出至少800％的伸长率和50-350kp./cm2的撕裂强度，至少一种高爆炸性组分， 至少一种增塑剂，其熔点低于-20℃，并且基本上不会蒸发到90℃的温度，然后将得到的混合物形成为成形或形成的炸药。 高爆炸爆炸成分的爆轰速度至少为6000米/秒。
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9.发明授权Process for producing a plastic sheet having parallel ribs extruding from both surfaces 失效用于生产具有从两个表面挤出的平行肋的塑料片的方法
公开(公告)号：US4101620A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US495432
申请日：1974-08-07
CPC分类号： B29C67/0044 , B29C47/14 , B29C59/04 , B29C47/00 , B29C47/0021 , B29C47/003 , B29C47/0033 , B29C47/0057 , B29C47/0066 , B29K2027/06 , B29K2995/0051 , B29L2007/001 , B29L2007/008
摘要： A process for the production of bilaterally corrugated plastic sheets by extruding a plastic synthetic resin composition, preferably soft PVC, from a slotted nozzle fashioned in a double comb-like shape, stretching the sheet in the longitudinal direction of the ribs during the drawing-off process and passing the sheet through a cooled glazing or smoothing calender. Also disclosed are various sheets produced by the above-process as well as methods for joining the same together.
摘要翻译： 通过从双梳状形状的开槽喷嘴挤出塑料合成树脂组合物（优选软PVC）来生产双面波纹塑料片的方法，在拉拔期间沿着肋的纵向拉伸片材 处理并使片材通过冷却的玻璃或平滑压光机。 还公开了通过上述方法制造的各种片材以及将它们连接在一起的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5156608A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-20
申请号：US724055
申请日：1991-07-01
IPC分类号： A61B17/12 , A61B17/128 , A61B17/28
CPC分类号： A61B17/1285 , Y10S227/901
摘要： The invention relates to a clip applicator for ligature clips, particularly for laparoscopic operations, comprising a tubular rod system, at whose one end is provided a two-part, scissor-like handle and at whose opposite end are provided jaws for receiving a clip, in which one handle part of the scissor-like handle is fixed to one part of the rod system, while the other handle part brings about about a closure of the jaws if the two handle parts are moved relative to one another, against spring tension, about their pivot axis located below and at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tubular rod system, characterized in that in the tubular rod system (2) is movably arranged a restoring wire (30), whose front or proximal end (32) is constructed in hook-like manner and in the inoperative position is positioned with an upwardly open hook alongside the jaws (24, 26), while the rear or distal end (34) of the restoring wire (30) is connected in the vicinity of the handle (4) to an operating lever (36) projecting out of the tubular rod system ( 2).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于连接夹的夹子施加器，特别是用于腹腔镜手术的夹子夹具，其包括管状杆系统，其一端设置有两部分的剪刀状手柄，并且其相对端设置有用于接收夹子的钳口， 其中剪刀状手柄的一个手柄部分固定到杆系统的一部分，而如果两个手柄部件相对于彼此移动而抵抗弹簧张力，另一个手柄部件引起颚板的关闭， 围绕其枢转轴线位于管状杆系统的纵向轴线的下方并且与管状杆系统的纵向轴线成直角，其特征在于，在所述管状杆系统（2）中可移动地布置有其前端或近端（32）为 以钩状方式构造并且处于不工作位置，其位于与夹爪（24,26）旁边的向上打开的钩的位置，而恢复线（30）的后端或远端（34）连接在 手柄（4） 从所述管状杆系统（2）伸出的额定杠杆（36）。
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