公开(公告)号：US5141873A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-25

申请号：US263422

申请日：1988-10-27

申请人： Ernst Steudle ,  Gerd Boling ,  Josef Zillikens

发明人： Ernst Steudle ,  Gerd Boling ,  Josef Zillikens

IPC分类号： G01N13/00 ,  G01N13/04

CPC分类号： G01N13/04 ,  Y10T436/171538 ,  Y10T436/175383 ,  Y10T436/184 ,  Y10T436/255

摘要： This invention relates to a process for the selective determination of theoncentration of a substance dissolved in a solvent by means of an osmosis cell. The osmosis cell according to the invention contains a substance not contained in the solution to be tested, which is either practically insoluble or is impermeable for the membrane. This substance reacts chemically with the substance permeating into the osmosis cell, with a product resulting from it in the cell or with a product resulting from the substance in the solution to be tested and permeating into the cell. Reaction products are thereby formed which produce a pressure in the osmosis cell, which is different from the osmotic pressure of the chemically converted portion of the substance. A pressure increase thereby occurs in the cell, from which the concentration of the substance in the solution to be tested can be determined on the basis of standard values.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过渗透池选择性地测定溶解在溶剂中的物质的浓度的方法。 根据本发明的渗透电池含有未包含在待测试溶液中的物质，其几乎不溶或不可渗透膜。 该物质与渗透到渗透细胞中的物质化学反应，产生于细胞中的产物或由待测试溶液中的物质产生的产物并渗入细胞中。 由此形成反应产物，其在渗透池中产生与物质的化学转化部分的渗透压不同的压力。 因此，在细胞中发生压力增加，由此可以基于标准值确定待测试溶液中物质的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US4891968A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-09

申请号：US159360

申请日：1988-02-23

申请人： Ernst Steudle ,  Gerd Boling ,  Josef Zillikens

发明人： Ernst Steudle ,  Gerd Boling ,  Josef Zillikens

IPC分类号： G01N7/10 ,  G01N13/04

CPC分类号： G01N13/04

摘要： This invention relates to a process and apparatus for the determination ofhe concentration of substances dissolved in a solvent. For this purpose, an osmotic cell is used, in which first, by means of an (external) reference solution, a working pressure is established, and after replacement of the reference solution by the solution to be tested, the pressure curve established in the cell is determined. The object is also to determine the concentrations of substance present in high concentration with very great absolute precision. For this purpose, an osmometer solution is selected which contains an excess of not more than 80 mOsm more than the reference solution, and in which the substances to be measured are contained in such a concentration that the difference of the concentrations of the substances in the solution to be tested and in the osmometer solution is not more than 70 mOsm. The total concentration of the substances is then determined taking into consideration the concentration of the substances in the osmometer solution. For the determination of very small deviations of the substances (less than 20 mOsm), the temperature of the solutions at the measurement point is kept constant, for which purpose there is provided an appropriate device.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于测定溶解在溶剂中的物质的浓度的方法和装置。 为此，使用渗透电池，其中首先通过（外部）参考溶液建立工作压力，并且在通过被测试溶液替换参考溶液之后，在 确定细胞。 目的也是以极高的绝对精度确定高浓度物质的浓度。 为此，选择渗透计溶液，其含有超过参考溶液的不超过80mOsm的过量，并且其中待测量的物质的浓度使得物质浓度的差异 待测试溶液和渗透压计溶液不超过70mOsm。 然后考虑到渗透压计溶液中物质的浓度来确定物质的总浓度。 为了确定物质的非常小的偏差（小于20mOsm），测量点处的溶液的温度保持恒定，为此目的提供了适当的装置。

公开(公告)号：US5211055A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-18

申请号：US724792

申请日：1991-07-02

申请人： Ernst Steudle ,  Gerd Boling ,  Josef Zillikens

发明人： Ernst Steudle ,  Gerd Boling ,  Josef Zillikens

IPC分类号： G01N13/04

CPC分类号： G01N13/04

摘要： This invention relates to an apparatus for the selective determination of e concentration of a substance dissolved in a solvent by means of an osmosis cell. The osmosis cell according to the invention contains a substance not contained in the solution to be tested, which is either practically insoluble or is impermeable for the membrane. This substance reacts chemically with the substance permeating into the osmosis cell, with a product resulting from it in the cell or with a product resulting from the substance in the solution to be tested and permeating into the cell. Reaction products are thereby formed which produce a pressure in the osmosis cell, which is different from the osmotic pressure of the chemically converted portion of the substance. A pressure increase thereby occurs in the cell, from which the concentration of the substance in the solution to be tested can be determined on the basis of standard values.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过渗透池选择性地测定溶解在溶剂中的物质的浓度的装置。 根据本发明的渗透电池含有未包含在待测试溶液中的物质，其几乎不溶或不可渗透膜。 该物质与渗透到渗透细胞中的物质化学反应，产生于细胞中的产物或由待测试溶液中的物质产生的产物并渗入细胞中。 由此形成反应产物，其在渗透池中产生与物质的化学转化部分的渗透压不同的压力。 因此，在细胞中发生压力增加，由此可以基于标准值确定待测试溶液中物质的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US4706495A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-17

申请号：US793565

申请日：1985-10-31

申请人： Ernst Steudle ,  Josef Zillikens ,  Gerd Boling

发明人： Ernst Steudle ,  Josef Zillikens ,  Gerd Boling

IPC分类号： G01N7/10 ,  G01N13/04

CPC分类号： G01N13/04 ,  G01N7/10

摘要： The invention relates to methods for the determination of the concentration of substances dissolved in a solution by means of an osmotic cell, using a pressure measurement device, and an apparatus incorporating the aforesaid osmotic cell with pressure measurement device. According to a first method, the concentrations of the substances are determined by the formation of the differences between a final pressure which is established after contact with the solution and an original and minimum pressure. According to a second method, the pressure/time course of biphasic response curves is analyzed in the vicinity of the minimum pressure, along with the rate constant for the exponential pressure increase which takes place after the minimum pressure, and the concentrations of the substances are then computed. According to a third method, simultaneous with one another, the initial slopes of the pressure/time curve of the pressure decrease in two osmotic cells are determined, and from these data, two results are determined, which are functions of the concentrations of the substances, and the concentrations of the substances are calculated from them. The reflection coefficients of both osmotic cells must thereby differ sufficiently.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用压力测量装置和通过压力测量装置结合上述渗透电池的装置来测定溶解在溶液中的物质浓度的方法。 根据第一种方法，通过形成与溶液接触后确定的最终压力与原始和最小压力之间的差异来确定物质的浓度。 根据第二种方法，在最小压力附近分析双相响应曲线的压力/时间过程，以及在最小压力之后发生的指数增加的速率常数，并且物质的浓度为 然后计算。 根据第三种方法，彼此同时确定两个渗透细胞中压力/压力降低的压力/时间曲线的初始斜率，并且从这些数据中确定两个结果，其是物质浓度的函数 ，并从中计算出物质的浓度。 因此，两个渗透细胞的反射系数必须因此充分不同。