公开(公告)号：US5204876A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-20

申请号：US669127

申请日：1991-03-13

申请人： Eugene J. Bruckert ,  Vedat Eyuboglu ,  David D. Falconer

发明人： Eugene J. Bruckert ,  Vedat Eyuboglu ,  David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H03M13/27 ,  H04B1/707 ,  H04J11/00 ,  H04J13/00 ,  H04J13/18 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L1/08

CPC分类号： H04L1/0071 ,  H03M13/2703 ,  H03M13/2732 ,  H04B1/707 ,  H04J13/004 ,  H04J13/18 ,  H04L1/08

摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for transmitting spread spectrum signals. The transmitter receives data bits at a particular rate. Subsequently, the transmitter encodes the received data bits at a predetermined encoding rate into data symbols. Subsequently, the transmitter derives predetermined length orthogonal codes from the data symbols. The transmitter accommodates variable received data bit rates by setting the predetermined encoding rate and the predetermined orthogonal code length in response to the received data bit rate. Subsequently, the transmitter spreads the derived orthogonal codes with a user PN spreading code.An alternative method and apparatus is provided for transmitting spread spectrum signals. The transmitter receives data bits at a particular rate. Subsequently, the transmitter encodes the received data bits at a predetermined encoding rate into data symbols. Subsequently, the transmitter determines a particular channel to transmit the data symbols by spreading the data symbols with a predetermined length orthogonal code. The transmitter accommodates variable received data bit rates by setting the predetermined encoding rate and the predetermined orthogonal code length in response to the received data bit rate.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于发射扩频信号的方法和装置。 发射机以特定速率接收数据位。 随后，发射机以预定的编码速率将接收的数据比特编码成数据符号。 随后，发射机从数据符号导出预定长度的正交码。 发射机通过响应于接收到的数据比特率设置预定编码速率和预定正交码长度来适应可变接收数据比特率。 随后，发射机用用户PN扩展码扩展导出的正交码。 提供了用于发射扩频信号的替代方法和装置。 发射机以特定速率接收数据位。 随后，发射机以预定的编码速率将接收的数据比特编码成数据符号。 随后，发射机通过以预定长度的正交码扩展数据符号来确定特定信道以发送数据符号。 发射机通过响应于接收到的数据比特率设置预定编码速率和预定正交码长度来适应可变接收数据比特率。

公开(公告)号：US5235614A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-10

申请号：US844943

申请日：1992-03-02

申请人： Eugene J. Bruckert ,  David D. Falconer

发明人： Eugene J. Bruckert ,  David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H04B1/707 ,  H04J11/00 ,  H04J13/00 ,  H04J13/18

CPC分类号： H04B1/707 ,  H04J13/0048 ,  H04J13/18

摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for transmitting spread spectrum signals. The transmitter receives data symbols. Subsequently, the transmitter splits each particular set of two received data symbols into a first and second array of data symbols according to either of two algorithms. The first algorithm including providing both data symbols of the particular set to the first and second array of data symbols and the second algorithm including providing one of the data symbols of the particular set to the first array of data symbols and the other of the data symbols of the particular set to the second array of data symbols. Subsequently, the transmitter determines particular channels to transmit the first and second array of data symbols by spreading the first and second array of data symbols with a predetermined length Walsh code. The transmitter accommodates a variable number of data channels by selecting a particular algorithm from a group consisting essentially of a first algorithm and a second algorithm and setting the predetermined length Walsh code in response to the particular algorithm selected.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于发射扩频信号的方法和装置。 发射机接收数据符号。 随后，根据两种算法中的任一种，发送器将每个特定的两组接收数据符号分解成第一和第二数据符号阵列。 所述第一算法包括将所述特定集合的数据符号提供给所述第一和第二数据符号阵列，并且所述第二算法包括将所述特定集合的数据符号之一提供给所述第一数据符号阵列，并且所述另一数据符号 特定设置到第二数据符号阵列。 随后，发射机通过以预定长度的沃尔什码扩展第一和第二数据符号阵列来确定特定信道以发送第一和第二数据符号阵列。 发射机通过从基本上由第一算法和第二算法组成的组中选择特定算法并且响应于所选择的特定算法来设置预定长度沃尔什码来容纳可变数量的数据信道。

公开(公告)号：US5442661A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-15

申请号：US106250

申请日：1993-08-13

申请人： David D. Falconer

发明人： David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H04B1/7093 ,  H04B1/7115 ,  H04B1/7117 ,  H04B7/00 ,  H04L27/30 ,  H04B1/69

CPC分类号： H04B1/7115 ,  H04B1/7093 ,  H04B1/7117

摘要： A coherent RAKE receiver utilizes a "blind block" path gain estimation scheme, based on a maximum likelihood criterion, to estimate path gains in the receiver. It is "blind" in that preliminary hard decisions on coded bits (i.e., coded bits from the corrupt transmitted signal) are not used. Instead, a form of soft decisions are used. It is a "block" scheme in that the complex path gains are estimated for an isolated block, for example a block of B correlator outputs. The path gains varying with time are approximated to be linear in time such that the average path gain and the slope of the path gain per path can be utilized to estimate the path gain. The path gain estimation scheme overcomes the shortcomings of typical CDMA systems where there is no assurance of continuous transmission (except for full-rate 9600 b/s transmission) upon which to base a FIR filter-type prediction scheme.

摘要翻译： 相干RAKE接收机利用基于最大似然准则的“盲块”路径增益估计方案来估计接收机中的路径增益。 因为不使用对编码比特（即来自损坏的发送信号的编码比特）的初步硬判决是“盲”的。 相反，使用一种软的决定。 这是一个“块”方案，因为对于一个隔离块估计了复杂路径增益，例如一个B相关器输出块。 随时间变化的路径增益近似为时间线性，使得平均路径增益和每条路径的路径增益的斜率可以用于估计路径增益。 路径增益估计方案克服了基于FIR滤波器类型预测方案的典型CDMA系统的缺点，其中不能保证连续传输（全速率9600b / s传输除外）。

公开(公告)号：US4535206A

公开(公告)日：1985-08-13

申请号：US386224

申请日：1982-06-08

申请人： David D. Falconer

发明人： David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H04B3/23

CPC分类号： H04B3/234

摘要： A full-duplex, two-wire Nyquist sampled data communication system includes an adaptive echo canceller (24) at each terminal (e.g., 10'). The echo canceller generates a replica (z.sub.m) of the echo component of each sample (r.sub.M) of the incoming signal. The replica and the sample are subtractively combined to provide an echo compensated signal (S.sub.M). During intervals of simultaneous transmission and reception, i.e., double talk, the echo compensated signal may contain not only an uncancelled echo component but also a far-end data component. An adaptation error signal generator (80), operating in response to a stream of recovered data symbols (e.g., a.sub.n), estimates and removes the far-end data component from the echo compensated signal and, in response to the difference, generates an adaptation error signal (.gamma.E.sub.M-D). This signal is applied as an error signal to the echo canceller. This allows the echo canceller to adapt its set of tap coefficients in response to the uncancelled echo component present in the echo compensated signal. Thus, stable and accurate echo cancellation results even during a double-talk interval.

摘要翻译： 全双工，双线奈奎斯特采样数据通信系统包括每个终端（例如，10'）处的自适应回波消除器（24）。 回波消除器产生输入信号的每个采样（rM）的回波分量的副本（zm）。 副本和样本被减法组合以提供回波补偿信号（SM）。 在同时发送和接收的间隔（即双重通话）期间，回波补偿信号不仅可以包含未经检测的回波分量，还包含远端数据分量。 响应于恢复的数据符号流（例如，a）操作的适应误差信号发生器（80）估计并从回波补偿信号中去除远端数据分量，并且响应于该差异，产生适应 误差信号（γEM-D）。 该信号作为误差信号应用于回波消除器。 这允许回波消除器响应于回波补偿信号中存在的未经取消的回波分量来适应其抽头系数集合。 因此，即使在双方通话间隔期间也能够得到稳定和准确的回波消除。

公开(公告)号：US5204874A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-20

申请号：US839528

申请日：1992-02-19

申请人： David D. Falconer ,  Fuyun Ling

发明人： David D. Falconer ,  Fuyun Ling

IPC分类号： H04J13/00 ,  H03M13/23 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/41 ,  H04J11/00 ,  H04L23/02

CPC分类号： H03M13/23 ,  H03M13/271 ,  H03M13/41 ,  H04J13/004 ,  H04J13/12 ,  H04L23/02

摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for encoding and decoding. In encoding, bits (202) are encoded (204) into symbols (206) such that maximum likelihood decoding is facilitated. Groups of symbols (206) are translated by either interleaving by group each group within a block (208) and subsequently deriving an orthogonal code from each group (212) or deriving an orthogonal code from each group and subsequently interleaving by code each code within a block. In decoding, groups of samples (228, 229) are transformed by either generating metrics and index symbols (242) for each group of samples (232, 234, 236, 238, 240) and subsequently deinterleaving by group each group of metrics within a block (244) or deinterleaving by group each group of samples within a block and subsequently generating metrics and index symbols for each deinterleaved group of samples. Each metric represents the confidence that a group of samples is a particular orthogonal code. Subsequently, maximum likelihood decoding (266) generates an estimated bit (268) from the index symbols and metrics (260).

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于编码和解码的方法和装置。 在编码中，比特（202）被编码（204）到符号（206）中，从而便于最大似然解码。 符号组（206）通过组块（208）中的每个组交织并随后从每个组（212）导出正交码或从每个组中导出正交码并随后通过代码中的每个代码在一个 块。 在解码中，通过针对每组样本（232,234,236,238,240）生成度量和索引符号（242）来变换样本组（228,229），并且随后通过组对每组样本中的每组度量进行解交织 块（244）或块中的每组样本对每组样本进行解交织，并随后为每个解交织的样本组生成度量和索引符号。 每个度量表示一组样本是特定正交码的置信度。 随后，最大似然解码（266）从索引符号和度量（260）生成估计位（268）。

公开(公告)号：USRE31351E

公开(公告)日：1983-08-16

申请号：US334308

申请日：1981-12-24

申请人： David D. Falconer

发明人： David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H04L27/01

CPC分类号： H04L27/01

摘要： A receiver for a quadrature amplitude modulated data signal impaired by linear and nonlinear distortion, phase jitter and additive noise includes circuitry which compensates for these impairments. In particular, the receiver includes a processor (FIG. 1 44; FIG. 2, 44') which subtracts a feedback nonlinear signal (FIG. 1, D(n); FIG. 2, D'(n)) from each sample of the received signal, either prior or subsequent to demodulation, providing compensation for nonlinear intersymbol interference. The feedback nonlinear signal subtracted from each sample is comprised of a weighted sum of products of individual data decisions and/or the complex conjugates of data decisions, each such product, in turn, being multiplied by a predetermined harmonic of the carrier frequency. In an illustrative embodiment, compensation for second- and third-order intersymbol interference is provided by including two- and three-multiplicand weighted products in the feedback nonlinear signal. Weighting coefficients for each product are adaptively updated in a decision-directed manner.

公开(公告)号：US5159608A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

申请号：US751372

申请日：1991-08-28

申请人： David D. Falconer ,  Fuyun Ling

发明人： David D. Falconer ,  Fuyun Ling

IPC分类号： H03M13/23 ,  H03M13/27 ,  H03M13/41 ,  H04J11/00 ,  H04J13/00 ,  H04J13/12 ,  H04L23/02

CPC分类号： H04L23/02 ,  H03M13/23 ,  H03M13/271 ,  H03M13/41 ,  H04J13/004 ,  H04J13/12

摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for encoding and decoding. In encoding, bits (202) are encoded (204) into symbols (206) such that maximum likelihood decoding is facilitated. Groups of symbols (206) are translated by either interleaving by group each group within a block (208) and subsequently deriving an orthogonal code from each group (212) or deriving an orthogonal code from each group and subsequently interleaving by code each code within a block.In decoding, groups of samples (228, 229) are transformed by either generating metrics and index symbols (242) for each group of samples (232, 234, 236, 238, 240) are subsequently deinterleaving by group each group of metrics within a block (244) or deinterleaving by group each group of samples within a block and subsequently generating metrics and index symbols for each deinterleaved group of samples. Each metric represents the confidence that a group of samples is a particular orthogonal code. Subsequently, maximum likelihood decoding (266) generates an estimated bit (268) from the index symbols and metrics (260).

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于编码和解码的方法和装置。 在编码中，比特（202）被编码（204）到符号（206）中，从而便于最大似然解码。 符号组（206）通过组块（208）中的每个组交织并随后从每个组（212）导出正交码或从每个组中导出正交码并随后通过代码中的每个代码在一个 块。 在解码中，通过对每组样本（232,234,236,238,240）生成度量和索引符号（242）来变换样本组（228,229），随后通过组对每组样本中的每组度量进行解交织 块（244）或块中的每组样本对每组样本进行解交织，并随后为每个解交织的样本组生成度量和索引符号。 每个度量表示一组样本是特定正交码的置信度。 随后，最大似然解码（266）从索引符号和度量（260）生成估计位（268）。

公开(公告)号：US4479092A

公开(公告)日：1984-10-23

申请号：US323462

申请日：1981-11-20

申请人： David D. Falconer

发明人： David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H04L27/156 ,  H03D3/18

CPC分类号： H04L27/1563

摘要： Asynchronous digital frequency shift keyed (FSK) signals are demodulated by using an autocorrelation type demodulator including digital integration. To this end, the autocorrelation function and digital integration are realized by generating integration increments, i.e., area increments, at the digital signal sampling points and accumulating them to obtain the integrated output. This is realized by turning to account a relationship between zero crossings of the received signal, zero crossings of a delayed version of the received signal and polarity of the product of the received signal and its delayed version relative to sampling points of the received digital signal. Specifically, the area increment in an n.sup.th sampling interval is determined by the time interval since the last zero crossing of the received signal before the n.sup.th sampling point, the time interval since the last zero crossing of the delayed signal before the n.sup.th sampling point and the polarity of the product signal at the n.sup.th sampling point.

摘要翻译： 通过使用包括数字积分的自相关型解调器来解调异步数字频移键控（FSK）信号。 为此，自相关函数和数字积分通过在数字信号采样点产生积分增量，即面积增量来实现，并且积累它们以获得积分输出。 这通过转向考虑接收信号的过零点，接收信号的延迟版本的零交叉和接收信号的乘积的极性与其相对于接收到的数字信号的采样点的延迟版本之间的关系来实现。 具体地说，第n个采样间隔中的区域增量由第n个采样点之前的接收信号的最后一次过零之后的时间间隔决定，这是自第n个采样点之前的延迟信号的最后一次过零之后的时间间隔， 产品信号的极性在第n个采样点。

公开(公告)号：US4213095A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-15

申请号：US931026

申请日：1978-08-04

申请人： David D. Falconer

发明人： David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H04L27/01 ,  H03H7/40

CPC分类号： H04L27/01

摘要： A feedforward nonlinear signal (P(n)) is added to each sample of a linearly equalized received signal (Q(n)) to provide compensation for nonlinear intersymbol interference. The received signal is a modulated data signal impaired by linear and nonlinear distortion as well as phase jitter and additive noise. The feedforward nonlinear signal added to each sample is comprised of a weighted sum of products of individual ones of the samples and their complex conjugates. Each multiplicand bears a predetermined temporal relationship to the sample currently being processed. In an illustrative embodiment, compensation for second- and third-order intersymbol interference is provided by including two- and three-multiplicand weighted products in the feedforward nonlinear signal. Weighting coefficients for each product are adaptively updated in a decision-directed manner.

摘要翻译： 将前馈非线性信号（P（n））加到线性均衡的接收信号（Q（n））的每个采样中，以提供非线性码间干扰的补偿。 接收到的信号是由线性和非线性失真以及相位抖动和加性噪声损害的调制数据信号。 添加到每个样本的前馈非线性信号包括样本中各个样本及其复共轭的乘积的加权和。 每个被乘数与当前正在处理的样本具有预定的时间关系。 在说明性实施例中，通过在前馈非线性信号中包括二和三乘和加权乘积来提供二阶和三阶符号间干扰的补偿。 以决策为导向的方式自适应地更新每个产品的加权系数。

公开(公告)号：US4181888A

公开(公告)日：1980-01-01

申请号：US931025

申请日：1978-08-04

申请人： David D. Falconer

发明人： David D. Falconer

IPC分类号： H04L27/01 ,  H04B1/16

CPC分类号： H04L27/01

摘要： A receiver for a quadrature amplitude modulated data signal impaired by linear and nonlinear distortion, phase jitter and additive noise includes circuitry which compensates for these impairments. In particular, the receiver includes a processor (FIG. 1 44; FIG. 2, 44')which subtracts a feedback nonlinear signal (FIG. 1, D(n); FIG. 2, D'(n)) from each sample of the received signal, either prior or subsequent to demodulation, providing compensation for nonlinear intersymbol interference. The feedback nonlinear signal subtracted from each sample is comprised of a weighted sum of products of individual data decisions and/or the complex conjugates of data decisions, each such product, in turn, being multiplied by a predetermined harmonic of the carrier frequency. In an illustrative embodiment, compensation for second- and third-order intersymbol interference is provided by including two- and three-multiplicand weighted products in the feedback nonlinear signal. Weighting coefficients for each product are adaptively updated in a decision-directed manner.

摘要翻译： 用于由线性和非线性失真，相位抖动和加性噪声损害的正交幅度调制数据信号的接收器包括补偿这些损伤的电路。 特别地，接收机包括从每个样本中减去反馈非线性信号（图1，D（n）;图2，D'（n））的处理器（图144;图2,44） 在解调之前或之后的接收信号中，为非线性码间干扰提供补偿。 从每个采样中减去的反馈非线性信号由各个数据判定的乘积和/或数据判定的复共轭的加权和组成，每个这样的乘积又被乘以载波频率的预定谐波。 在说明性实施例中，通过在反馈非线性信号中包括二和三乘和加权乘积来提供二阶和三阶符号间干扰的补偿。 以决策为导向的方式自适应地更新每个产品的加权系数。