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    Sodium-halogen secondary cell
    3.
    发明授权
    Sodium-halogen secondary cell 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10854929B2

    公开(公告)日：2020-12-01

    申请号：US14956078

    申请日：2015-12-01

    Applicant: FIELD UPGRADING USA, INC.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins ,  Alexis Eccleston

    IPC: H01M10/00 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/0563 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M2/40 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/36 ,  H01M4/66

    Abstract: An intermediate temperature sodium-halogen secondary cell that includes a negative electrode compartment housing a negative, molten sodium-based electrode and a positive electrode compartment housing a current collector disposed in a highly conductive molten positive electrolyte. A sodium halide (NaX) positive electrode is disposed in a molten positive electrolyte comprising one or more AlX3 salts, wherein X may be the same or different halogen selected from Cl, Br, and I, wherein the ratio of NaX to AlX3 is greater than or equal to one. A sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte membrane separates the molten sodium negative electrode from the molten positive electrolyte. The secondary cell operates at a temperature in the range from about 80° C. to 210° C.

    Sodium-aluminum battery with sodium ion conductive ceramic separator
    4.
    发明授权
    Sodium-aluminum battery with sodium ion conductive ceramic separator 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10734686B2

    公开(公告)日：2020-08-04

    申请号：US15130741

    申请日：2016-04-15

    Applicant: FIELD UPGRADING USA, INC.

    Inventor： Mathew Robins ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC: H01M10/39 ,  H01M4/58 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/0563

    Abstract: The present invention provides a sodium-aluminum secondary cell. The cell includes a sodium metal negative electrode, a positive electrode compartment that includes an aluminum positive electrode disposed in a positive electrolyte mixture of NaAl2X7 and NaAlX4, where X is a halogen atom or mixture of different halogen atoms selected from chlorine, bromine, and iodine, and a sodium ion conductive electrolyte membrane that separates the negative electrode from the positive electrolyte. In such cases, the electrolyte membrane can include any suitable material, including, without limitation, a NaSICON-type membrane. Generally, when the cell functions, both the sodium negative electrode and the positive electrolyte are molten and in contact with the electrolyte membrane. Additionally, the cell is functional at an operating temperature between about 100° C. and about 200° C.

    Low viscosity/high conductivity sodium haloaluminate electrolyte
    5.
    发明授权
    Low viscosity/high conductivity sodium haloaluminate electrolyte 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09876253B2

    公开(公告)日：2018-01-23

    申请号：US14298302

    申请日：2014-06-06

    Applicant: FIELD UPGRADING USA, INC.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins

    IPC: H01M10/08 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/054

    CPC classification number: H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/399 ,  H01M2300/0048 ,  H01M2300/0057

    Abstract: An additive that is added to the NaAlX4 electrolyte for use in a ZEBRA battery (or other similar battery). This additive has a moiety with a partial positive charge (δ+) that attracts the negative charge of the [AlX4]− moiety and weakens the ionic bond between the Na+ and [AlX4]− moieties, thereby freeing some Na+ ions to transport (move). By using a suitable NaAlX4 electrolyte additive, the battery may be operated at much lower temperatures than are typical of ZEBRA batteries (such as, for example, at temperatures between 150 and 200° C.). Additionally, the additive also lowers the viscosity of the electrolyte solution and improves sodium conductivity. Non-limiting examples of the additive SOCl2, SO2, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, CH3SOCH3), CH3S(O)Cl, SO2Cl2. A further advantage of using this additive is that it allows the use of a NaSICON membrane in a ZEBRA-type battery at lower temperatures compared to a typical ZEBRA battery.

    Battery charge transfer mechanisms
    6.
    发明授权
    Battery charge transfer mechanisms 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10224577B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-03-05

    申请号：US14040241

    申请日：2013-09-27

    Applicant: Field Upgrading USA, Inc.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins ,  Chett Boxley

    IPC: H01M10/00 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01B1/12 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M4/36 ,  H01M4/58 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M10/39

    Abstract: The present invention provides a secondary cell having a negative electrode compartment and a positive electrode compartment, which are separated by an alkali ion conductive electrolyte membrane. An alkali metal negative electrode disposed in the negative electrode compartment oxidizes to release alkali ions as the cell discharges and reduces the alkali ions to alkali metal during recharge. The positive electrode compartment includes a positive electrode contacting a positive electrode solution that includes an alkali metal compound and a metal halide. The alkali metal compound can be selected from an alkali halide and an alkali pseudo-halide. During discharge, the metal ion reduces to form metal plating on the positive electrode. As the cell charges, the metal plating oxidizes to strip the metal plating to form metal halide or pseudo halide or corresponding metal complex.

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