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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07151815B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-19
申请号：US10818848
申请日：2004-04-06
申请人： Francis H. Ruddy , Abdul R. Dulloo , John G. Seidel , Thomas V. Congedo , Bojan Petrovic , Vefa N. Kucukboyaci
发明人： Francis H. Ruddy , Abdul R. Dulloo , John G. Seidel , Thomas V. Congedo , Bojan Petrovic , Vefa N. Kucukboyaci
IPC分类号： G21G1/06
CPC分类号： G01V5/0091
摘要： A method and associated apparatus for detecting concealed fissile, fissionable or special nuclear material in an article, such as a shipping container, is provided. The article is irradiated with a source of fast neutrons, and fast neutrons released by the fissile or fissionable material, if present, are detected between source neutron pulses. The method uses a neutron detector that can detect and discriminate fast neutrons in the presence of thermal neutrons and gamma radiation. The detector is able to process high count rates and is resistant to radiation damage, and is preferably a solid state neutron detector comprised of silicon carbide.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于检测物品（例如运输容器）中的隐形裂变，可裂变或特殊核材料的方法和相关装置。 用快中子源照射物品，在源中子脉冲之间检测由易裂变材料或可裂变材料释放的快中子（如果有的话）。 该方法使用中子探测器，可以在存在热中子和γ辐射的情况下检测和区分快中子。 检测器能够处理高计数率并且耐辐射损伤，并且优选是由碳化硅组成的固态中子检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US06627898B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-30
申请号：US09891781
申请日：2001-06-26
IPC分类号： G01T308
CPC分类号： G21C17/108
摘要： A method of monitoring a nuclear reactor includes monitoring the nuclear reactor with a plurality of radiation sensors having spaced apart attachments to a radiation hard cable; providing signal processing equipment at each end of the cable for processing signals from the radiation sensors; establishing signal time intervals based upon differences in time of arrival of signals from the radiation sensors to the signal processing equipment at each end of the cable; producing a plurality of output signals each of which has an amplitude proportional to a difference in time of arrival of a signal to the signal processing equipment at each end of the cable; and rejecting output signals which have a difference in time of arrival outside of the signal time intervals.
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公开(公告)号：US5940460A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US931084
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： John G. Seidel , Frank H. Ruddy , Charles D. Brandt , Abdul R. Dulloo , Randy G. Lott , Ernest Sirianni , Randall O. Wilson
发明人： John G. Seidel , Frank H. Ruddy , Charles D. Brandt , Abdul R. Dulloo , Randy G. Lott , Ernest Sirianni , Randall O. Wilson
CPC分类号： G01T3/08
摘要： A neutron detector array is capable of measuring a wide range of neutron fluxes. The array includes multiple semiconductor neutron detectors. Each detector has a semiconductor active region that is resistant to radiation damage. In one embodiment, the array preferably has a relatively small size, making it possible to place the array in confined locations. The ability of the array to detect a wide range of neutron fluxes is highly advantageous for many applications such as detecting neutron flux during start up, ramp up and full power of nuclear reactors.
摘要翻译： 中子探测器阵列能够测量广泛的中子通量。 阵列包括多个半导体中子探测器。 每个检测器具有耐辐射损伤的半导体有源区。 在一个实施例中，阵列优选地具有相对小的尺寸，使得可以将阵列置于密闭的位置。 阵列检测大范围的中子通量的能力对于许多应用是非常有利的，例如在启动，升温和核反应堆全功率期间检测中子通量。
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公开(公告)号：US5539788A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US958215
申请日：1992-10-08
申请人： Frank H. Ruddy , Thomas V. Congedo , David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , Joseph L. Gonzalez , John G. Seidel , John Bartko , David F. McLaughlin
发明人： Frank H. Ruddy , Thomas V. Congedo , David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , Joseph L. Gonzalez , John G. Seidel , John Bartko , David F. McLaughlin
IPC分类号： G01N23/222 , G01V5/02 , G21G1/06
CPC分类号： G01V5/02 , G01N23/222 , G01N2223/0745 , G01N2223/204 , G01N2223/601
摘要： A system for determining depth profiles of concentrations of hazardous elements in soils comprises a neutron source for generating neutrons of a first energy level and irradiating a volume of soil with the neutrons. Nuclear reactions are effected within the soil and gamma radiation is emitted from the soil. The system also includes an array of gamma detectors for detecting gamma radiation emitted from the soil; source electronics for controlling the width of regularly repeated pulses of neutrons generated by the neutron source; detector electronics associated with the gamma detectors for amplifying and digitalizing signals generated by the gamma detectors and storing data representing the digitalized signals; spectral analysis software for analyzing the data and determining the concentrations of selected target elements in the soil; and an acquisition interface module (AIM). The AIM controls the timing of the source and detector electronics such that the neutron source generates neutrons in regularly repeated bursts of a prescribed pulse width and the detectors and detector electronics detect gamma rays during a plurality of time intervals associated with the burst and acquire groups of data. Each group is indicative of a number of gamma rays emitted and their energy levels during a corresponding time interval. The system also includes a mobile platform carrying the neutron source, array of gamma ray detectors and software for determining a depth profile of a target element. Trace elements can also be detected with the disclosed system.
摘要翻译： 用于确定土壤中有害元素浓度深度分布的系统包括用于产生第一能级中子并用中子照射一定体积土壤的中子源。 核反应在土壤中进行，γ辐射从土壤中排出。 该系统还包括用于检测从土壤发射的γ辐射的伽马检测器阵列; 源电子器件，用于控制由中子源产生的规则重复的中子脉冲的宽度; 与γ检测器相关联的检测器电子器件，用于放大和数字化由伽马检测器产生的信号并存储表示数字化信号的数据; 光谱分析软件，用于分析数据并确定土壤中选定的目标元素的浓度; 和采集接口模块（AIM）。 AIM控制源和检测器电子设备的定时，使得中子源以规定的脉冲宽度的规则重复脉冲串产生中子，并且检测器和检测器电子装置在与突发相关联的多个时间间隔内检测伽马射线，并获取 数据。 每个组指示在相应的时间间隔期间发射的伽马射线数量及其能量水平。 该系统还包括携带中子源，伽马射线探测器阵列和用于确定目标元件的深度分布的软件的移动平台。 也可以利用所公开的系统检测微量元素。
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5.发明授权Method and apparatus for determining the depth of a gamma emitting element beneath the surface 失效用于确定表面下方的伽马发射元件的深度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5412206A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-02
申请号：US199362
申请日：1994-02-18
IPC分类号： G01B15/00 , G01N23/222 , G01T1/169 , G01V5/02 , G01V5/00
摘要： A method for determining the depth of a gamma emitting element beneath the surface of a volume of soil is disclosed. The disclosed method includes the steps of detecting gamma rays at a first height h.sub.1 above the surface; detecting gamma rays at a second height h.sub.2 above the surface; determining a ratio R representative of the ratio of the number of gamma rays detected at h.sub.2 to the number of gamma rays detected at h.sub.1, or vice versa; and inferring, on the basis of the ratio R, an estimate of the depth of the gamma emitting element beneath the surface.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定在一定体积的土壤表面下的伽马发射元件的深度的方法。 所公开的方法包括以下步骤：在表面上方的第一高度h1处检测伽马射线; 在表面上方的第二高度h2处检测伽马射线; 确定代表在h2处检测到的伽马射线数与在h1处检测到的伽马射线数之比的比率R，反之亦然; 并且基于比率R推测出表面下方的伽马发射元件的深度的估计。
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公开(公告)号：US06542565B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-01
申请号：US09981834
申请日：2001-10-17
申请人： Francis H. Ruddy , Abdoul Raheem Dulloo , John G. Seidel , Frederick W. Hantz , Louis R. Grobmyer
发明人： Francis H. Ruddy , Abdoul Raheem Dulloo , John G. Seidel , Frederick W. Hantz , Louis R. Grobmyer
IPC分类号： G01T100
CPC分类号： G01T3/08
摘要： A solid state semiconductor neutron detector that automatically varies its sensitivity to provide a pulsed output over the entire range of operation of a nuclear reactor. The sensitivity is varied by changing the thickness or makeup of a converter layer that emits charged particles to the active region of the semiconductor surface.
摘要翻译： 一种固态半导体中子探测器，其自动改变其灵敏度，以在核反应堆的整个操作范围内提供脉冲输出。 通过将发射带电粒子的转换器层的厚度或构成改变到半导体表面的有源区来改变灵敏度。
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7.发明授权Apparatus for determining the thermal history of equipment using solid state track recorders 失效用于确定使用固态轨道记录器的设备的热历史的装置
公开(公告)号：US5064605A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-12
申请号：US662396
申请日：1991-02-27
摘要： An apparatus is provided for determining the thermal history of an environment for purposes of monitoring thermal aging in equipment or the extent to which a process has proceeded. The apparatus comprises a plurality of solid state track recorders, and the range of activation energy values among the solid state track recorders encompasses the activation energy of the thermal aging process of the equipment to be monitored. Using Arrhenius functions, data obtained from the apparatus can be used to determine an equivalent average temperature which is combined with the equipment life data to determine the extent of thermal aging.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于确定环境的热历史的装置，用于监测设备中的热老化或过程进行的程度。 该装置包括多个固态轨道记录器，并且固体轨道记录器中的激活能量值的范围包括被监视设备的热老化处理的激活能。 使用Arrhenius函数，可以使用从设备获得的数据来确定与设备寿命数据相结合的等效平均温度，以确定热老化的程度。
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公开(公告)号：US4238684A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-09
申请号：US941887
申请日：1978-09-13
申请人： John G. Seidel
发明人： John G. Seidel
CPC分类号： G01T1/11 , Y10S250/02
摘要： A thin film radiation dosimeter is secured to a plate member exhibiting sufficient mechanical strength to function as a dosimeter support member and electrical resistance characteristics which permit the plate member to function as a heating element during the readout process of the radiation dosimeter.
摘要翻译： 将薄膜辐射剂量计固定到具有足够的机械强度以作为剂量计支撑构件的板构件和允许板构件在辐射剂量计的读出过程中用作加热元件的电阻特性。
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公开(公告)号：US4220852A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-02
申请号：US941995
申请日：1978-09-13
申请人： John G. Seidel
发明人： John G. Seidel
CPC分类号： G01V5/02 , G01T1/11 , Y10S250/02
摘要： In a radiation dosimeter assembly consisting of a wafer-like radiation dosimeter in combination with a mechanical support member the radiation dosimeter is secured within an aperture of the support member by disposing a protective film on either side of the dosimeter and securing the film to the support member via a high temperature adhesive or high temperature adhesive film. This assembly technique permits the annealing of the combination of the dosimeter and the support member to a temperature of about 300.degree. C. which is the typical process for "erasing" extraneous radiation dosage stored in the dosimeter prior to the use of the radiation dosimeter/support combination for radiation measurements. The capability of annealing the total combination permits stock piling of preassembled radiation dosimeter/support member combinations for extended periods of time.
摘要翻译： 在由晶片状放射剂量计与机械支撑构件组合的放射剂量计组件中，辐射剂量计通过在剂量计的任一侧上设置保护膜并将膜固定到支撑体上而固定在支撑构件的孔内 通过高温粘合剂或高温粘合剂膜。 该装配技术允许将剂量计和支撑构件的组合退火至约300℃的温度，这是在使用放射剂量计/分析仪之前“擦除”存储在剂量计中的外来辐射剂量的典型过程， 支持辐射测量的组合。 整个组合退火的能力允许预先组装的辐射剂量计/支撑构件组合在较长时间内堆积。
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公开(公告)号：US4179614A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-18
申请号：US874976
申请日：1978-02-03
CPC分类号： G01T1/11 , G01V5/02 , Y10S250/02
摘要： An improved thermoluminescent dosimeter system and apparatus for sensing alpha particle emission. A thermoluminescent body is sealed between a pair of metallized plastic films. The dosimeter is mounted within a protective inverted cup or a tube closed at one end, which is disposed in a test hole for exposure to radioactive radon gas which is indicative of uranium deposits.
摘要翻译： 用于感测α粒子发射的改进的热发光剂量计系统和装置。 在一对金属化塑料膜之间密封热发光体。 剂量计安装在保护性倒杯或一端封闭的管中，该管被设置在用于暴露于指示铀沉积物的放射性氡气的测试孔中。
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