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公开(公告)号：US4395324A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-26
申请号：US317036
申请日：1981-11-02
摘要： An improved hydrogen donor for hydrogen donor diluent cracking is provided by extraction with naphtha from the cracked product and hydrogenation by hydrogen transfer from a lower boiling hydrogen donor such as tetralin.
摘要翻译： 通过用裂解产物的石脑油萃取并通过从低沸点氢供体如四氢化萘的氢转移氢化来提供用于氢供体稀释剂裂化的改进的氢供体。
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2.发明授权Integration of short-contact-time liquefaction and critical solvent deashing with gasification through methanol-to-gasoline 失效通过甲醇对汽油将短接触时间液化和临界溶剂脱气与气化整合
公开(公告)号：US4440622A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-03
申请号：US391280
申请日：1982-06-23
CPC分类号： C10G1/002
摘要： Coal is processed by liquefying the coal with a hydrogen-donor solvent under a short-contact-time liquefaction, separating the coal liquid effluent into liquid phases of distinct polarity and an undissolved coal residue, upgrading a portion of the liquid phase, gasifying the residue and high polarity coal liquid to produce a synthesis gas which is used to form methanol. The methanol is catalytically converted to gasoline products. Solvents for liquefaction and effluent separation can be derived from the upgraded liquid phase, methanol and gasoline products. Hydrogen for liquefaction, methanol synthesis and upgrading is derived from the synthesis gas.
摘要翻译： 通过在短时间液化下用氢供体溶剂液化煤来分解煤，将煤液流出物分离成不同极性的液相和未溶解的煤渣，升级一部分液相，气化残渣 和高极性煤液，以产生用于形成甲醇的合成气。 甲醇被催化转化为汽油产品。 用于液化和流出物分离的溶剂可以从升级后的液相，甲醇和汽油产品中得到。 用于液化，甲醇合成和升级的氢气来自合成气。
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公开(公告)号：US4354922A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US249576
申请日：1981-03-31
CPC分类号： C10G47/00 , B01D11/0407 , C10G1/002 , C10G69/02
摘要： This invention provides an integrated process for upgrading a combination of crude petroleum residua, refractory bottoms from catalytic cracking operations, and coal to gasoline and middle distillate products.The process involves dense-gas solvent extraction under supercritical conditions, cracking, and hydroconversion stages.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于将原油石油渣，来自催化裂化作业的耐火塔底物和煤的组合升级到汽油和中间馏分产物的综合方法。 该工艺包括在超临界条件下的裂解和加氢转化阶段的稠油溶剂萃取。
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公开(公告)号：US4334977A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-15
申请号：US225283
申请日：1981-01-15
CPC分类号： C10G1/006 , C10G1/042 , Y10S208/952
摘要： A method is described to improve a coal liquefaction process by the use of a recycle solvent comprised of two fractions: the first, a lower boiling fraction, is obtained by an atmospheric distillation and is subsequently hydrotreated to enrich its hydrogen donor capacity; the second is a higher boiling fraction that is enriched in desirable hydrogen transfer agents by a solvent extraction process. The combined recycle solvent thus obtained is more efficient in transferring gas phase H.sub.2 to the coal and enables other significant process improvements.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种通过使用由两个馏分组成的循环溶剂来改善煤液化过程的方法：首先通过常压蒸馏获得较低沸点馏分，随后加氢处理以富集其供氢能力; 第二个是通过溶剂萃取方法富集需要的氢转移剂的较高沸点馏分。 由此获得的组合的再循环溶剂在将气相H 2转移到煤中更有效，并且能够进行其它显着的工艺改进。
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5.发明授权Upgrading heavy oils by non-catalytic treatment with hydrogen and hydrogen transfer solvent 失效通过氢气和氢转移溶剂的非催化处理来提升重油
公开(公告)号：US4292168A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-29
申请号：US107949
申请日：1979-12-28
CPC分类号： C10G47/34
摘要： Heavy liquid hydrocarbon oil, such as petroleum derived tars, predominantly boiling over 425.degree. C., are upgraded to products boiling below 425.degree. C., without substantial formation of insoluble char, by heating the heavy oil with hydrogen and a hydrogen transfer solvent in the absence of hydrogenation catalyst at temperatures of about 320.degree. C. to 500.degree. C., and a pressure of 20 to 180 bar for 3 to 30 minutes. The hydrogen transfer solvents are polycyclic compounds free of carbonyl groups, e.g., pyrene, and have a polarographic reduction potential which is less negative than phenanthrene and equal to or more negative than azapyrene.
摘要翻译： 重质液体烃油，例如主要沸点超过425℃的石油衍生焦油，通过用氢气和氢转移溶剂加热重质油，升级成沸点低于425℃的产物，不会形成不溶性焦炭 在约320℃至500℃的温度下不存在氢化催化剂，并且压力为20至180巴3至30分钟。 氢转移溶剂是不含羰基的多环化合物，例如芘，并且具有极低于菲的极性还原电位，并且等于或大于氮杂萘的负性。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4447310A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-08
申请号：US391334
申请日：1982-06-23
CPC分类号： B01D11/0203 , C10G1/002 , C10G1/006 , Y10S208/952
摘要： A process for producing a wide slate of fuel products from coal is provided by integrating a methanol-to-gasoline conversion process with coal liquefaction and coal gasification. The coal liquefaction comprises contacting the coal with a solvent under supercritical conditions whereby a dense-gas phase solvent extracts from the coal a hydrogen-rich extract which can be upgraded to produce a distillate stream. The remaining coal is gasified under oxidation conditions to produce a synthesis gas which is converted to methanol. The methanol is converted to gasoline by contact with a zeolite catalyst. Solvent for coal extraction is process derived from the upgraded distillate fraction or gasoline fraction of the methanol-to-gasoline conversion.
摘要翻译： 通过将甲醇 - 汽油转化过程与煤液化和煤气化相结合，提供从煤生产广泛的燃料产品的方法。 煤液化包括在超临界条件下使煤与溶剂接触，由此，致密气相溶剂从煤中提取富氢萃取物，其可升级以产生馏出液流。 剩余的煤在氧化条件下气化以产生转化为甲醇的合成气。 通过与沸石催化剂接触将甲醇转化成汽油。 用于煤提取的溶剂是从升级的馏出物馏分或甲醇对汽油转化的汽油馏分得到的方法。
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7.发明授权Liquefaction of carbonaceous material with hydrogen and naphtha-extracted recycle solvent without heterogeneous catalyst 失效不含非均相催化剂的碳质材料与氢气和石脑油萃取循环溶剂的液化
公开(公告)号：US4292164A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-29
申请号：US107817
申请日：1979-12-28
摘要： A process for the liquefaction of solid carbonaceous material, e.g., coal in the presence of hydrogen under pressure in the absence of heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst using a hydrogen transfer solvent which is the fraction extracted from coal derived liquids by a process derived naphtha extractant containing less than 20 weight percent of aromatics. Coal derived liquids are extracted with naphtha and recycled as a slurry medium for the carbonaceous material.
摘要翻译： 在不存在非均相加氢催化剂的情况下，在氢存在下，在氢气存在下，使用氢转移溶剂液化固体碳质材料的方法，所述氢转移溶剂是通过工艺衍生的石脑油提取剂从煤衍生的液体提取的馏分 20重量％的芳族化合物。 用石脑油萃取得到的衍生液体，作为含碳材料的浆料介质再循环。
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公开(公告)号：US4404177A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-13
申请号：US320235
申请日：1981-11-12
摘要： A process for continuously or semi-continuously producing and collecting highly oriented graphite crystals by diffusing carbon atoms through a heated Group VIII metal artifact such that they precipitate as graphite on a surface of the artifact. Diffusion of carbon atoms through the artifact is driven by maintaining a temperature differential across the artifact.
摘要翻译： 通过将碳原子扩散通过加热的VIII族金属假象连续或半连续地生产和收集高取向的石墨晶体的方法，使得它们在人造物的表面上沉淀成石墨。 碳原子通过伪影的扩散是通过维持该假象之间的温差来驱动的。
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公开(公告)号：US4604189A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US685589
申请日：1984-12-24
CPC分类号： C10G47/26
摘要： Catalytic hydroconversion of a relatively heavy hydrocarbon residual fraction is effected by adding a thermally decomposable metal compound to the oil, along with an acidic catalyst solid to the oil, and passing the mixture to a hydroconversion zone containing hydrogen at an elevated temperature. Preferred metals are cobalt and molybdenum. Preferred solids are large pore zeolites, silica/alumina, clays and surface activated metal oxides.
摘要翻译： 相对重的烃残余馏分的催化加氢转化通过向油中加入可热分解的金属化合物以及酸性催化剂固体加入到油中，并在升高的温度下将混合物送入含氢的加氢转化区来进行。 优选的金属是钴和钼。 优选的固体是大孔沸石，二氧化硅/氧化铝，粘土和表面活化的金属氧化物。
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公开(公告)号：US4437972A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-20
申请号：US346438
申请日：1982-02-08
摘要： The invention provides a process for yielding a thermally cracked, demetallated and partially denitrogenated fuel product suitable for upgrading. Coal and highly paraffinic, non-thermally cracked, non-aromatic petroleum residua are combined and heated under controlled conditions to effect the separation of unconverted solids from the resulting liquid effluent. The effluent is then cooled in order to separate out the highly aromatic and polar asphaltenic compounds.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于产生适于升级的热裂化，脱金属和部分脱氮的燃料产品的方法。 将煤和高度链烷烃，非热裂解的非芳族石油残余物混合并在受控条件下加热以实现未转化的固体与所得液体流出物的分离。 然后将流出物冷却以分离高度芳族和极性的沥青化合物。
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