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公开(公告)号：US4910784A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-20
申请号：US79563
申请日：1987-07-30
CPC分类号： G10L15/00
摘要： A low cost speech recognition system generates frames of received speech having binary feature components. The received speech frames are compared with reference templates, and error values representing the difference between the received speech and the reference templates are generated. At the end of an utterance, if one template resulted in a sufficiently small error value, the word represented by that template is selected as the recognized word.
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公开(公告)号：US4783808A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-08
申请号：US856722
申请日：1986-04-25
CPC分类号： G10L15/063 , G10L15/22
摘要： A method for generating connected word templates begins with generating isolated word templates of selected words. The isolated word templates are used to extract a continuous word template from a segment of continuous speech containing the selectd words. Both the isolated word templates and the connected word templates can be used to generate speech to determine the quality of the generated templates through aural judgment.
摘要翻译： 用于产生连接的单词模板的方法开始于生成所选单词的隔离单词模板。 孤立词模板用于从包含selectd单词的连续语音段中提取连续词模板。 孤立词模板和连接的单词模板都可以用于生成语音，以通过听觉判断来确定生成的模板的质量。
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3.发明授权Distributed processing memory chip with embedded logic having both data memory and broadcast memory 失效具有嵌入式逻辑的分布式处理存储器芯片具有数据存储器和广播存储器
公开(公告)号：US5751987A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US434885
申请日：1995-05-04
申请人： Shivaling S. Mahant-Shetti , Derek J. Smith , Basavaraj I. Pawate , George R. Doddington , Warren L. Bean , Mark G. Harward , Thomas J. Aton
发明人： Shivaling S. Mahant-Shetti , Derek J. Smith , Basavaraj I. Pawate , George R. Doddington , Warren L. Bean , Mark G. Harward , Thomas J. Aton
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/06 , G06F15/78 , G11C11/401
CPC分类号： G06F9/3879 , G06F12/0646 , G06F15/7821
摘要： Memory chips with data memory (202), embedded logic (206) and broadcast memory (204) for two modes of operation are disclosed. A first mode of operation is the usual memory mode expected of a data RAM. The second mode of operation allows localized computation and/or processing of the data in data memory (202) by the embedded logic (206) with minimal handshaking with a remote CPU. In a functioning system, the memory chips are organized in a hierarchical manner and include address-associative memory systems.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有用于两种操作模式的数据存储器（202），嵌入式逻辑（206）和广播存储器（204）的存储器芯片。 第一操作模式是数据RAM期望的通常的存储模式。 第二种操作模式允许嵌入式逻辑（206）对数据存储器（202）中的数据进行局部化的计算和/或处理，同时与远程CPU进行最小的握手。 在功能系统中，存储器芯片以分级方式组织并且包括地址关联存储器系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5390139A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-14
申请号：US69048
申请日：1993-05-28
申请人： Derek Smith , Shivaling Mahant-Shetti , Basavaraj Pawate , George R. Doddington , Warren L. Bean
发明人： Derek Smith , Shivaling Mahant-Shetti , Basavaraj Pawate , George R. Doddington , Warren L. Bean
CPC分类号： G06F17/30982 , G06F12/02
摘要： A memory system 10 is provided including a processor 12 and an active memory device 14 coupled to a processor 12. Active memory 14 includes a first memory 20 for storing a plurality of possible addresses and a second memory 22 for storing an actual address received from processor 12. Circuitry 26 is provided for identifying at least one active address from ones of the possible addresses stored in first memory 20 as a function of the actual address stored in second memory 22.
摘要翻译： 提供存储器系统10，其包括耦合到处理器12的处理器12和有源存储器设备14.活动存储器14包括用于存储多个可能地址的第一存储器20和用于存储从处理器接收的实际地址的第二存储器22 提供电路26，用于根据存储在第二存储器22中的实际地址的函数来识别存储在第一存储器20中的可能地址中的至少一个活动地址。
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5.发明授权Grammar-based checksum constraints for high performance speech recognition circuit 失效用于高性能语音识别电路的基于GRAMMAR的检查限制
公开(公告)号：US5222187A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-22
申请号：US458860
申请日：1989-12-29
CPC分类号： G10L15/193 , G10L17/22
摘要： A speech system recognizes words from a spoken phrase that conform to checksum constraints. Grammar rules are applied to hypothesize words according to the checksum constraints. The checksum associated with the phrase is thus inherent in the grammar. Sentences which do not meet a predetermined checksum constraint are not valid under the grammar rules and are therefore inherently rejected. The checksum constraints result in increased recognition accuracy.
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公开(公告)号：US5167004A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US662086
申请日：1991-02-28
摘要： A speaker voice verification system uses temporal decorrelation linear transformation and includes a collector for receiving speech inputs from an unknown speaker claiming a specific identity, a word-level speech features calculator operable to use a temporal decorrelation linear transformation for generating word-level speech feature vectors from such speech inputs, word-level speech feature storage for storing word-level speech feature vectors known to belong to a speaker with the specific identity, a word-level speech feature vectors received from the unknown speaker with those received from the word-level speech feature storage, and speaker verification decision circuitry for determining, based on the similarity score, whether the unknown speaker's identity is the same as that claimed. The word-level vector scorer further includes concatenation circuitry as well as a word-specific orthogonalizing linear transformer. Other systems and methods are also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US4989248A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-29
申请号：US319384
申请日：1989-03-03
CPC分类号： G10L15/12
摘要： A cost-effective word recognizer. Each frame of spoken input is compared to a set of reference frames. The comparison is equivalent to embodying the reference frame as an LPC inverse filter, and is preferably done in the autocorrelation domain. To avoid the instability and computational difficulties which can be caused by a high-gain LPC inverse filter, a noise floor is introduced into each reference frame sample. Thus, for each input speech frame, a scalar measures its similarity to each of the vocabulary of reference frames.To achieve connected word recognition based on this similarity measurement, a dynamic programming algorithm is used in which time warping to match a sample to a reference is in effect permitted, and in which matching is performed with unconstrained endpoints. Thus, the word boundary decisions are made on the basis of a local maximum in similarity, and, since no separate word division decision is required, the error which can be introduced by even the best preliminary decision as to word boundaries is avoided.
摘要翻译： 一个具有成本效益的字识别器。 将每个语音输入帧与一组参考帧进行比较。 该比较等效于将参考帧作为LPC逆滤波器，并且优选地在自相关域中完成。 为了避免由高增益LPC反相滤波器引起的不稳定性和计算困难，本底噪声被引入每个参考帧样本。 因此，对于每个输入语音帧，标量测量其与参考帧的每个词汇表的相似度。 为了实现基于这种相似性测量的连续字识别，使用动态规划算法，其中实际上允许将样本与参考匹配的时间扭曲，并且其中使用非约束端点执行匹配。 因此，单词边界决策是基于相似度的局部最大值进行的，并且由于不需要单独的分离决策，所以避免了即使是关于字边界的最佳初步决定也可以引入的误差。
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公开(公告)号：US5333275A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US903033
申请日：1992-06-23
CPC分类号： G10L15/18 , G10L15/142 , G10L15/193 , G10L2015/088 , G10L25/78
摘要： A method and system are provided for time aligning speech. Speech data is input representing speech signals from a speaker. An orthographic transcription is input including a plurality of words transcribed from the speech signals. A sentence model is generated indicating a selected order of the words in response to the orthographic transcription. In response to the orthographic transcription, word models are generated associated with respective ones of the words. The orthographic transcription is aligned with the speech data in response to the sentence model, to the word models and to the speech data.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于时间对准语音的方法和系统。 语音数据是表示来自扬声器的语音信号的输入。 输入包括从语音信号转录的多个单词的正字转录。 生成句子模型，指示响应于正交转录的单词的选定顺序。 响应于正交转录，产生与相应单词相关联的词模型。 正交转录与句子模型，词模型和语音数据相对应的语音数据。
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公开(公告)号：US4815134A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US094162
申请日：1987-09-08
CPC分类号： G10L19/06 , G10L19/02 , G10L19/038
摘要： A speech encoder is disclosed quantizing speech information with respect to energy, voicing and pitch parameters to provide a fixed number of bits per block of frames. Coding of the parameters takes place for each N frames, which comprise a block, irrespective of phonemic boundaries. Certain frames of speech information are discarded during transmission, if such information is substantially duplicated in an adjacent frame. A very low data rate transmission system is thus provided which exhibits a high degree of fidelity and throughput.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种语音编码器，用于量化关于能量，发声和音调参数的语音信息，以提供每块帧的固定数量的比特。 对于包括块的每个N个帧，不管音素边界如何，都对这些参数进行编码。 如果这样的信息在相邻帧中基本上重复，则在传输期间丢弃某些语音信息帧。 因此提供了非常低的数据速率传输系统，其呈现高度的保真度和吞吐量。
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10.发明授权Voice messaging system with pitch tracking based on adaptively filtered LPC residual signal 失效具有基于自适应滤波的LPC残差信号的音调跟踪的语音消息系统
公开(公告)号：US4731846A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-15
申请号：US484711
申请日：1983-04-13
IPC分类号： G10L11/06 , G10L11/00 , G10L11/04 , G10L15/02 , G10L15/10 , G10L19/06 , H04B14/04 , G10L5/00
摘要： A voice messaging system, wherein linear predictive coding (LPC) parameters, pitch, and preferably other excitation information is derived from a human voice input, encoded, and transmitted and/or stored, to be called up later to provide a speech output which is nearly identical to the original speech input. The invention features adaptive filtering of the residual signal. The residual signal derived from LPC estimation is adaptively filtered, and then is used as the input to a conventional pitch estimation procedure. The adaptive filtering step uses the first reflection coefficient (k.sub.1) to realize a simple filter (e.g., A(z)=(1-k.sub.1 z.sup.-1).sup.-1. This filter removes high frequency noise from the residual signal during voiced periods, but does not remove the high frequency energy which contains important information during the unvoiced periods of speech. Preferably the above preprocessing technique is also combined with a postprocessing technique, wherein dynamic programming is used to optimally track pitch and voicing information through successive frames.
摘要翻译： 一种语音消息系统，其中线性预测编码（LPC）参数，音调，并且优选地其他激励信息是从人类语音输入，编码，发送和/或存储中导出的，以供稍后调用以提供语音输出 几乎与原来的语音输入相同。 本发明特征在于残留信号的自适应滤波。 从LPC估计导出的残差信号被自适应滤波，然后被用作常规音调估计过程的输入。 自适应滤波步骤使用第一反射系数（k1）来实现简单滤波器（例如，A（z）=（1-k1 z-1）-1），该滤波器在有声周期期间从残余信号中去除高频噪声， 但不排除包含重要信息的高频能量，优选地，上述预处理技术也与后处理技术组合，其中使用动态规划来通过连续的帧来最佳地跟踪音调和发音信息。
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