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公开(公告)号：US5738823A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US681477
申请日：1996-07-23
IPC分类号： C21C5/42 , C21C5/52 , C21C7/00 , F27B3/06 , F27B3/08 , F27B3/10 , F27B3/12 , F27B3/22 , F27D3/15 , F27D11/08 , F27D27/00 , F27D17/00 , C22B7/00
CPC分类号： F27D27/00 , C21C5/42 , C21C5/5229 , F27B3/12 , F27D3/1545 , C21C2007/0093 , C21C5/305 , F27B3/085 , F27B3/225 , Y02P10/216
摘要： To improve operation, particularly to allow more universal use, in which both liquid and solid crude metal, especially iron can be refined in only one reactor vessel, a reactor vessel (1) is of converter-like design with a relatively large space above a melt (7) and with slag (8) lying above said melt. For the removal of slag (8) via a closable slag channel (18'), the meltdown apparatus can be rotated about a center of rotation (20) through .+-.8.degree.. For the complete removal of the melt (7) via a closable melt channel (17') in the bottom region of the meltdown apparatus, the latter can be rotated about a center of rotation (19) through .+-.30.sup.. A magnetic coil (16) fed with direct current and arranged around the meltdown apparatus (1) serves for the magnetic damping of movements of melt (7) and/or slag (8) inside the meltdown apparatus. In the converter mode, a graphite electrode (5) used in the arc mode is replaced by a gas supply conduit, through which oxygen is then supplied under pressure.
摘要翻译： 为了改进操作，特别是允许更普遍的使用，其中液体和固体粗金属，特别是铁只能在仅一个反应器容器中精制，反应器容器（1）是转炉式设计，具有相对较大的空间 熔体（7）和位于所述熔体上方的炉渣（8）。 为了通过可关闭的炉渣通道（18'）去除炉渣（8），熔化设备可绕旋转中心（20）至+/- 8°旋转。 为了通过熔断装置的底部区域中的可封闭的熔体通道（17'）完全去除熔体（7），后者可绕旋转中心（19）至+/- 30旋转。 供给直流电并布置在熔化装置（1）周围的电磁线圈（16）用于对熔化装置内的熔体（7）和/或炉渣（8）的运动进行磁阻尼。 在转换器模式中，在电弧模式中使用的石墨电极（5）由供气管道代替，然后在压力下供给氧气。
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公开(公告)号：US5719897A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-17
申请号：US515428
申请日：1995-08-15
CPC分类号： F27B3/24 , C21C5/5229 , Y02P10/216
摘要： In order to reduce the power loss of a direct current arc furnace the furnace vessel is only partially cooled in the region situated above the melting zone. A first cooling device is provided on a top edge of the vessel. A second cooling device is provided at the height of a slag line. The region of a vessel wall situated therebetween and facing the interior of the vessel above the slag line consists essentially of refractory material.
摘要翻译： 为了减少直流电弧炉的功率损耗，炉容器仅在位于熔融区上方的区域部分冷却。 第一冷却装置设置在容器的顶部边缘上。 第二冷却装置设置在炉渣线的高度处。 位于其间并且位于渣线上方的容器内部的容器壁的区域基本上由耐火材料构成。
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公开(公告)号：US5787109A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-28
申请号：US566160
申请日：1995-12-01
申请人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
发明人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
IPC分类号： H05B7/18 , C21C5/52 , F27B3/08 , F27B3/12 , F27B3/24 , F27D1/00 , F27D1/12 , F27D11/08 , H05B7/144
CPC分类号： F27D11/08 , C21C5/5229 , F27B3/24 , F27D1/12 , Y02P10/216
摘要： The furnace vessel for a DC arc furnace has a thermostable wall which preferably consists, in the region situated above the slag line (S), of a plurality of water-cooled wall segments (1) made from steel. These wall segments are fastened to a support structure (13-18). At least one of the wall segments (3) consists of nonmagnetic steel or copper and is preferably arranged on the side of the furnace vessel (5) opposite the power supply device (7). In this way, the influence of the high-current lines which extend below or beside the furnace vessel and cause a deflection of the arc can be compensated. The effect of this nonmagnetic wall segment can be partially or virtually entirely cancelled by a trimming plate (19) which is detachably fastened from the outside to the nonmagnetic wall segment (3), in order in this way to achieve optimum trimming of the deflection of the arc.
摘要翻译： 用于DC电弧炉的炉容器具有耐热壁，其优选地包括在由钢制成的多个水冷壁段（1）的位于炉渣线（S）上方的区域中。 这些壁段被紧固到支撑结构（13-18）。 至少一个壁段（3）由非磁性钢或铜组成，并且优选地布置在与电源装置（7）相对的炉容器（5）侧。 以这种方式，可以补偿延伸到炉容器下方或旁边并引起电弧偏转的大电流线路的影响。 这种非磁性壁段的作用可以部分地或几乎完全地被修剪板（19）抵消，该修整板（19）从外部可拆卸地紧固到非磁性壁段（3），以便以这种方式实现最佳的修整 电弧。
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公开(公告)号：US5376911A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US99565
申请日：1993-07-30
申请人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
发明人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
CPC分类号： H01F27/2847 , H01F37/00
摘要： A choke coil comprises mutually similar flat bars which are electrically connected at the corners. Each coil winding comprises an integral number of mutually similar flat bars which in each case lie on top of one another on contact areas at the corners so as to overlap over a large area. Insulating plates and/or insulating layers having a size approximately equal to the contact area are provided between two adjacent windings at the corners. The stack formed in this way is held together exclusively by means of a clamping device comprising clamping elements which do not cut or pierce the flat bars. A choke constructed in this manner is simple and economical to manufacture can be cooled well and can be produced in virtually any size.
摘要翻译： 扼流线圈包括在角部处电连接的相互相似的扁棒。 每个线圈绕组包括整体数量的相互相似的扁棒，每个平板在每个情况下在角部的接触区域上彼此顶部以便在大面积上重叠。 在拐角处的两个相邻的绕组之间设置具有大致等于接触面积的绝缘板和/或绝缘层。 以这种方式形成的叠层仅通过夹持装置固定在一起，夹紧装置包括不切割或刺穿扁平条的夹紧元件。 以这种方式构造的扼流圈是简单和经济的制造可以很好地冷却并且可以以几乎任何尺寸生产。
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公开(公告)号：US5173920A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-22
申请号：US774381
申请日：1991-10-10
摘要： In a direct-current electric-arc furnace, the bottom contact, that is the hearth electrode, must be insulated from the metallic shell of the furnace vessel by insulating material. For this purpose, the bottom plate carrying the bottom contact essentially forms the bottom of the furnace vessel. This bottom contact, with an insulating material, or a material which is at least a poor electrical conductor, inbetween, rests on a part, projecting radially inward, of the metallic vessel shell.
摘要翻译： 在直流电弧炉中，底部接触，即炉床电极必须通过绝缘材料与炉容器的金属外壳绝缘。 为此，承载底部接触的底板基本上形成炉容器的底部。 这种具有绝缘材料的底部接触件或至少是不良的电导体的材料位于金属容器壳体的位于径向向内突出的部分上。
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公开(公告)号：US4701931A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-20
申请号：US936810
申请日：1986-12-02
申请人： Bo Rappinger , Sven-Einar Stenkvist
发明人： Bo Rappinger , Sven-Einar Stenkvist
CPC分类号： H05B7/06
摘要： Electrically conductive refractory bricks, containing particles (e.g. flakes) of graphite or other electrically conductive material are pressed into the desired final shape but include a plurality of passages, none of which passes completely through the brick. The passages each extend substantially perpendicularly to the predominant direction of the conducting particles.
摘要翻译： 包含石墨或其他导电材料的颗粒（例如薄片）的导电耐火砖被压制成所需的最终形状，但是包括多个通道，其中没有一个完全通过砖。 通道各自大致垂直于导电颗粒的主要方向延伸。
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公开(公告)号：US4612650A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-16
申请号：US719965
申请日：1985-04-04
申请人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
发明人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
CPC分类号： F27D21/0021 , C21C5/5229 , F27D11/10 , H05B7/10 , Y02P10/216
摘要： A DC arc furnace comprising a furnace vessel having a hearth and a side wall extending upwardly from the hearth, conductive means for conducting DC through the hearth from its outside to a melt in the hearth, an arcing electrode, a substantially horizontal arm having a holder holding the electrode substantially vertically above the hearth, a substantially vertical mast from which the arm extends, and means for connecting DC positively to the conductive means and negatively to the electrode so as to form an arc between the electrode and the melt and producing an arc flare to which the side wall is exposed; wherein the improvement comprises means for connecting the arm to the mast so as to permit the arm to be adjustably moved longitudinally to different positions and means for mounting the mast so it can be adjustably rotated to different positions about its axis, whereby the electrode and its arc can be located at different positions horizontally to the side wall.
摘要翻译： 一种直流电弧炉，其特征在于，具有炉底和从所述炉床向上延伸的侧壁的炉容器，用于将来自炉外的DC从炉外进入炉内的熔融物的导电装置，放电电极，基本上水平的臂， 将电极基本垂直地保持在炉膛上方，臂延伸的基本垂直的桅杆，以及用于将DC正向连接到导电装置并与电极负相连的装置，以便在电极和熔体之间形成电弧，并产生电弧 侧壁暴露的耀斑; 其中所述改进包括用于将臂连接到桅杆以便允许臂可纵向移动到不同位置的装置，以及用于安装桅杆的装置，使得其可以可调节地绕其轴线旋转到不同的位置，由此电极及其 电弧可以位于与侧壁水平不同的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US4606055A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-12
申请号：US639145
申请日：1984-08-09
CPC分类号： F27D11/08 , C21C5/5229 , H05B7/085 , Y02P10/216
摘要： A DC arc furnace including a hearth adapted to contain a melt and having a melt electrode which is only effective when covered by the melt, an enclosure for the hearth including a roof over the hearth, at least one arcing electrode depending downwardly through the roof and adapted to initially melt a charge of solid metal on the hearth and thereafter the resulting melt, and at least one starting electrode through which electric power is transmitted to the charge of solid metal until it is melted down by the arcing electrode to enough melt to cover the melt electrode; the starting electrode or electrodes depending downwardly through the roof at a position horizontally offset from the arcing electrode and being adapted to be moved downwardly so as to press on the charge of solid scrap on the hearth until the charge is melted down by the arcing electrode so as to cover the melt electrode and thereafter to be moved upwardly free from the charge.
摘要翻译： 一种直流电弧炉，包括适于容纳熔体并具有熔体电极的炉底，所述炉底仅在被熔体覆盖时才有效，所述炉膛的外壳包括在炉膛上方的屋顶，至少一个电弧电极向下通过屋顶， 适于最初熔化炉底上的固体金属的电荷，然后熔化所得的熔体，以及至少一个起始电极，通过该起始电极将电力传递到固体金属的电荷，直到其被电弧电极熔化，以足够的熔体覆盖 熔体电极; 起始电极或电极在与电弧电极水平偏离的位置处向下穿过屋顶，并且适于向下移动，以便在炉膛上固体废料的加压压力，直到电荷被电弧电极熔化为止 以覆盖熔融电极，此后从电荷向上移动。
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公开(公告)号：US4097978A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-04
申请号：US778471
申请日：1977-03-17
申请人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
发明人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
CPC分类号： F27D11/00 , C21C5/5229 , H05B7/06 , Y02P10/216
摘要： A direct current electric arc furnace hearth connection of the liquid-solid type is initially installed as a metal billet in an opening in a furnace construction, with water-containing refractory material rammed around the billet. To accelerate drying of the rammed water-containing or moist refractory forming a lining around the billet, metal channels are fixed to the sides of the billet to form longitudinally extending passages interjoined at one end of the billet by one or more transverse holes formed through the billet, so that a U-shaped overall passage is formed. A gas flame is burned at one end of the passage and the resulting hot gases are sucked through the U-shaped passage heating the billet to dry the rammed refractory material.
摘要翻译： 液体固体型的直流电弧炉炉底连接最初作为金属坯料安装在炉结构的开口中，含水的耐火材料在坯料周围撞击。 为了加速干燥含絮凝的含水或湿润的耐火材料，在坯料周围形成衬里，金属通道固定在坯料的侧面，以形成纵向延伸的通道，该通道在坯料的一端通过一个或多个通过 坯料，从而形成U形的整体通道。 气体火焰在通道的一端被燃烧，并且所得到的热气体通过加热坯料的U形通道被吸入以干燥夯实的耐火材料。
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公开(公告)号：US3997712A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-14
申请号：US587714
申请日：1975-06-17
申请人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
发明人： Sven-Einar Stenkvist
CPC分类号： C21C5/5229 , H05B7/06 , Y02P10/216
摘要： An electric arc furnace for DC operation has an electric connection for a melt in the furnace's hearth, in the form of an elongated metal connector having a refractory enclosure exposing an inner end of the connector for contact with and incidental melting by the melt, with means for cooling the connector between its inner and outer ends and removing heat at a rate preventing the connector from melting throughout its length to its outer end. The connector has a cross-sectional area large enough to carry the current required for forming a heating arc between an electrode and the surface of the melt, and the connector has similar composition as the melt as exemplified by a steel connector for a steel melt.
摘要翻译： 用于直流操作的电弧炉具有用于熔炉炉底中的熔体的电连接，呈细长金属连接器的形式，其具有暴露连接器的内端的耐火材料外壳，用于与熔体接触和附带熔化， 用于在连接器的内端和外端之间冷却连接器，并以防止连接器在整个长度上熔化到其外端的速率去除热量。 连接器具有足够大的横截面面积，以承载在电极和熔体表面之间形成加热电弧所需的电流，并且连接器具有与熔融物相似的组成，例如用于钢熔体的钢连接器。
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