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    High volume hyperpolarizer for spin-polarized noble gas
    2.
    发明授权
    High volume hyperpolarizer for spin-polarized noble gas 失效
    用于自旋极化惰性气体的大体积超极化器

    公开(公告)号：US5642625A

    公开(公告)日：1997-07-01

    申请号：US622863

    申请日：1996-03-29

    申请人： Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Hunter Middleton ,  Eli Miron ,  Brian Saam ,  Daniel Walter

    发明人： Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Hunter Middleton ,  Eli Miron ,  Brian Saam ,  Daniel Walter

    IPC分类号： F25J1/00 ,  A61B5/055 ,  A61K49/18 ,  G01R33/28 ,  B01D8/00

    CPC分类号： G01R33/282 ,  A61K49/1815 ,  Y10S62/919 ,  Y10S62/925

    摘要： A method and apparatus for hyperpolarization of flowing noble gases is disclosed, including means for hyperpolarization of noble gases in a continuous flow arrangement. Noble gases such as xenon-129 and helium-3 can be hyperpolarized using the disclosed method and apparatus. Preferably, the noble gas is hyperpolarized via spin exchange between atoms of the noble gas and an alkali metal such as rubidium. Also, a method and apparatus for accumulation and/or storage of hyperpolarized noble gases in a continuous flow arrangement is provided. The method and apparatus enable large scale production, storage, and usage of hyperpolarized noble gases for numerous purposes, including imaging of human and animal subjects through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于流动惰性气体的超极化的方法和装置，包括用于连续流动布置中的惰性气体的超极化的装置。 使用所公开的方法和装置，诸如氙129和氦-3的贵重气体可以被超极化。 优选地，惰性气体通过惰性气体的原子和诸如铷的碱金属之间的自旋交换而被超极化。 此外，提供了一种用于在连续流动布置中积聚和/或储存超极化惰性气体的方法和装置。 该方法和装置能够用于许多目的的超极化惰性气体的大规模生产，储存和使用，包括通过磁共振成像（MRI）技术对人类和动物受试者的成像。

    Magnetic resonance imaging using Hyperpolarized noble gases
    4.
    发明授权
    Magnetic resonance imaging using Hyperpolarized noble gases 失效
    使用超极化惰性气体的磁共振成像

    公开(公告)号：US06241966B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-06-05

    申请号：US09040788

    申请日：1998-03-18

    申请人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    发明人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    IPC分类号： A61B5055

    CPC分类号： G01R33/5601 ,  A61K49/1806 ,  A61K49/1815 ,  G01R33/282 ,  Y10T436/24

    摘要： A method of imaging a spatial distribution of a noble gas by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry includes detecting a spatial distribution of at least one noble gas by NMR spectrometry and generating a representation of said spatial distribution of the noble gas. The noble gas is selected from noble gas isotopes having nuclear spin, preferably Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. The noble gas is at least thermally or equilibrium polarized and is preferably hyperpolarized, most preferably hyperpolarized by optical (laser) pumping in the presence of an alkali metal or by metastability exchange. The generation of the representation of the noble gas spatial distribution includes at least one dimension, preferably 2 or 3 dimensions of the spatial distribution. The noble gas may be imaged according to the invention in chemical or biological systems, preferably in a human or animal subject or organ system or tissue thereof. Also, apparatus for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the spatial distribution of at least one noble gas includes means for imaging a noble gas by NMR spectrometry and means for providing and/or storing imageable quantities of a noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. Also, a medical composition includes a medically acceptable bifunctional gas effective for in vivo anesthesiological and NMR imaging functions, including at least one noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3.

    摘要翻译： 通过核磁共振光谱法对惰性气体的空间分布进行成像的方法包括通过NMR光谱法检测至少一种惰性气体的空间分布，并产生稀有气体的所述空间分布的表示。 惰性气体选自具有核自旋的惰性气体同位素，优选氙129和/或氦-3。 惰性气体至少是热或平衡极化的，并且优选是超极化的，最优选通过在碱金属存在下的光学（激光）泵送或通过亚稳定性交换进行超极化。 惰性气体空间分布的表示的产生包括空间分布的至少一个维度，优选2或3维度。 惰性气体可以根据本发明在化学或生物系统中成像，优选在人或动物受试者或器官系统或组织中成像。 此外，用于核磁共振成像至少一种稀有气体的空间分布的装置包括用于通过NMR光谱法成像惰性气体的装置，以及用于提供和/或存储可成像量的惰性气体，优选超极化氙129和/ 或氦-3。 此外，医疗组合物包括有效体内麻醉和NMR成像功能的医学上可接受的双功能气体，包括至少一种惰性气体，优选超极化氙129和/或氦-3。

    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases
    5.
    发明授权
    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases 失效
    使用超极化惰性气体的磁共振成像

    公开(公告)号：US06593144B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-07-15

    申请号：US09741292

    申请日：2000-12-19

    申请人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    发明人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    IPC分类号： G01N2400

    CPC分类号： G01R33/5601 ,  A61K49/1806 ,  A61K49/1815 ,  G01R33/282 ,  Y10T436/24

    摘要： A method of imaging a spatial distribution of a noble gas by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry includes detecting a spatial distribution of at least one noble gas by NMR spectrometry and generating a representation of said spatial distribution of the noble gas. The noble gas is selected from noble gas isotopes having nuclear spin, preferably Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. The noble gas is at least thermally or equilibrium polarized and is preferably hyperpolarized, most preferably hyperpolarized by optical (laser) pumping in the presence of an alkali metal or by metastability exchange. The generation of the representation of the noble gas spatial distribution includes at least one dimension, preferably 2 or 3 dimensions of the spatial distribution. The noble gas may be imaged according to the invention in chemical or biological systems, preferably in a human or animal subject or organ system or tissue thereof. Also, apparatus for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the spatial distribution of at least one noble gas includes means for imaging a noble gas by NMR spectrometry and means for providing and/or storing imageable quantities of a noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. Also, a medical composition includes a medically acceptable bifunctional gas effective for in vivo anesthesiological and NMR imaging functions, including at least one noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3.

    摘要翻译： 通过核磁共振光谱法对惰性气体的空间分布进行成像的方法包括通过NMR光谱法检测至少一种惰性气体的空间分布，并产生稀有气体的所述空间分布的表示。 惰性气体选自具有核自旋的惰性气体同位素，优选氙129和/或氦-3。 惰性气体至少是热或平衡极化的，并且优选是超极化的，最优选通过在碱金属存在下的光学（激光）泵送或通过亚稳定性交换进行超极化。 惰性气体空间分布的表示的产生包括空间分布的至少一个维度，优选2或3维度。 惰性气体可以根据本发明在化学或生物系统中成像，优选在人或动物受试者或器官系统或组织中成像。 此外，用于核磁共振成像至少一种稀有气体的空间分布的装置包括用于通过NMR光谱法成像惰性气体的装置，以及用于提供和/或存储可成像量的惰性气体，优选超极化氙129和/ 或氦-3。 此外，医疗组合物包括有效体内麻醉和NMR成像功能的医学上可接受的双功能气体，包括至少一种惰性气体，优选超极化氙129和/或氦-3。

    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases
    6.
    发明授权
    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases 有权

    公开(公告)号：US6123919A

    公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

    申请号：US339670

    申请日：1999-06-24

    申请人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    发明人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    IPC分类号： A61K49/18 ,  G01R33/28 ,  A61B5/055

    CPC分类号： A61K49/1806 ,  A61K49/1815 ,  G01R33/282 ,  G01R33/5601

    摘要： A method of imaging a spatial distribution of a noble gas by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry includes detecting a spatial distribution of at least one noble gas by NMR spectrometry and generating a representation of said spatial distribution of the noble gas. The noble gas is selected from noble gas isotopes having nuclear spin, preferably Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. The noble gas is at least thermally or equilibrium polarized and is preferably hyperpolarized, most preferably hyperpolarized by optical (laser) pumping in the presence of an alkali metal or by metastability exchange. The generation of the representation of the noble gas spatial distribution includes at least one dimension, preferably 2 or 3 dimensions of the spatial distribution. The noble gas may be imaged according to the invention in chemical or biological systems, preferably in a human or animal subject or organ system or tissue thereof. Also, apparatus for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the spatial distribution of at least one noble gas includes means for imaging a noble gas by NMR spectrometry and means for providing and/or storing imageable quantities of a noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. Also, a medical composition includes a medically acceptable bifunctional gas effective for in vivo anesthesiological and NMR imaging functions, including at least one noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3.

    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases
    8.
    发明授权
    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5785953A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-28

    申请号：US666871

    申请日：1996-06-17

    申请人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    发明人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    IPC分类号： G01N24/08 ,  A61B5/055 ,  A61K49/18 ,  G01R33/28 ,  G01R33/48

    CPC分类号： G01R33/5601 ,  A61K49/1806 ,  A61K49/1815 ,  G01R33/282 ,  Y10T436/24

    摘要： A method of imaging a spatial distribution of a noble gas by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry includes detecting a spatial distribution of at least one noble gas by NMR spectrometry and generating a representation of said spatial distribution of the noble gas. The noble gas is selected from noble gas isotopes having nuclear spin, preferably Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. The noble gas is at least thermally or equilibrium polarized and is preferably hyperpolarized, most preferably hyperpolarized by optical (laser) pumping in the presence of an alkali metal or by metastability exchange. The generation of the representation of the noble gas spatial distribution includes at least one dimension, preferably 2 or 3 dimensions of the spatial distribution. The noble gas may be imaged according to the invention in chemical or biological systems, preferably in a human or animal subject or organ system or tissue thereof. Also, apparatus for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the spatial distribution of at least one noble gas includes means for imaging a noble gas by NMR spectrometry and means for providing and/or storing imageable quantities of a noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. Also, a medical composition includes a medically acceptable bifunctional gas effective for in vivo anesthesiological and NMR imaging functions, including at least one noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3.

    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases
    9.
    发明授权
    Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5545396A

    公开(公告)日：1996-08-13

    申请号：US225243

    申请日：1994-04-08

    申请人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    发明人： Mitchell S. Albert ,  Dilip Balamore ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr. ,  Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Brian Saam ,  Arnold Wishnia

    IPC分类号： G01N24/08 ,  A61B5/055 ,  A61K49/18 ,  G01R33/28 ,  G01R33/48

    CPC分类号： G01R33/5601 ,  A61K49/1806 ,  A61K49/1815 ,  G01R33/282 ,  Y10T436/24

    摘要： A method of imaging a spatial distribution of a noble gas by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry includes detecting a spatial distribution of at least one noble gas by NMR spectrometry and generating a representation of said spatial distribution of the noble gas. The noble gas is selected from noble gas isotopes having nuclear spin, preferably Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. The noble gas is at least thermally or equilibrium polarized and is preferably hyperpolarized, most preferably hyperpolarized by optical (laser) pumping in the presence of an alkali metal or by metastability exchange. The generation of the representation of the noble gas spatial distribution includes at least one dimension, preferably 2 or 3 dimensions of the spatial distribution. The noble gas may be imaged according to the invention in chemical or biological systems, preferably in a human or animal subject or organ system or tissue thereof. Also, apparatus for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the spatial distribution of at least one noble gas includes means for imaging a noble gas by NMR spectrometry and means for providing and/or storing imageable quantities of a noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3. Also, a medical composition includes a medically acceptable bifunctional gas effective for in vivo anesthesiological and NMR imaging functions, including at least one noble gas, preferably hyperpolarized Xenon-129 and/or Helium-3.

    Coatings for production of hyperpolarized noble gases
    10.
    发明授权
    Coatings for production of hyperpolarized noble gases 失效
    用于生产超极化惰性气体的涂料

    公开(公告)号：US5612103A

    公开(公告)日：1997-03-18

    申请号：US478276

    申请日：1995-06-07

    申请人： Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr.

    发明人： Bastiaan Driehuys ,  William Happer ,  Gordon D. Cates, Jr.

    IPC分类号： G01R33/26 ,  A61B5/055 ,  A61K49/18 ,  B65D25/14 ,  C01B23/00 ,  C09D5/00 ,  C09D123/00 ,  C09D125/06 ,  C09D183/05 ,  C09D201/00 ,  F17C1/16 ,  G01N24/12 ,  G01R33/28 ,  A47G19/22

    CPC分类号： G01R33/282 ,  A61K49/1815 ,  B65D25/14 ,  C01B23/00 ,  F17C1/16 ,  F17C2203/0607 ,  F17C2221/07 ,  F17C2270/0536 ,  Y10T428/1321 ,  Y10T428/31612

    摘要： The invention provides a method of inhibiting surface-induced nuclear spin relaxation and surface trapping of a hyperpolarized noble gas, most preferably .sup.129 Xe, by polymer-coated surfaces. The method includes inhibiting the amount of interaction of the noble gas with a polymeric coating on the surface of apparatus which contacts the noble gas. Preferably, the method includes inhibiting noble gas nuclear spin relaxation by replacing at least some of the protons in the polymer with substituents which have non-zero nuclear spin and/or reduced polymer permeability. A preferred substituent having non-zero spin is deuterium. A preferred modification which reduces permeability includes introducing into the polymer a substituent such as a halogen, more preferably fluorine. The method also provides containers having surfaces which have been coated with a polymer which inhibits noble gas trapping and nuclear spin relaxation. Furthermore, the invention provides methods for enhancing the production and storage of a hyperpolarized noble gas by decreasing the relaxation of nuclear spin and limiting the trapping of the noble gas in a polymeric coating of apparatus containing the noble gas.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种通过聚合物涂覆的表面抑制表面诱导的核自旋松弛和超极化惰性气体表面捕获的方法，最优选地为129Xe。 该方法包括抑制惰性气体与接触惰性气体的设备表面上的聚合物涂层的相互作用量。 优选地，该方法包括通过用具有非零核自旋和/或降低的聚合物渗透性的取代基代替聚合物中的至少一些质子来抑制惰性气体核自旋弛豫。 具有非零自旋的优选取代基是氘。 降低渗透性的优选改进方案包括向聚合物中引入取代基如卤素，更优选氟。 该方法还提供具有已经涂覆有抑制惰性气体捕获和核自旋弛豫的聚合物的表面的容器。 此外，本发明提供了通过减少核旋转的松弛并限制在含有惰性气体的装置的聚合物涂层中捕集惰性气体来增强超极化惰性气体的生产和储存的方法。